Rotordynamic forces generated by discharge-to-suction leakage flows in centrifugal pumps

In order to investigate the flow-induced vibration in the shroud passage of centrifugal pump and predict rotordynamic forces of centrifugal pump rotor system,an analysis of rotordynamic forces arising from shrouded centrifugal pump is presented. CFD techniques were utilized to analyze the full three-dimensional viscous,primary/secondary flow field in a centrifugal pump impeller to determine rotordynamic forces. Multiple quasi-steady solutions of an eccentric three-dimensional model at different whirl frequency ratios yielded the rotordynamic forces. The skew-symmetric stiffness,damping,and mass matrices were obtained by second-order least-squares analysis. Simulation of the coupled primary/secondary flow field was conducted,and the complex flow characteristics in the flow field of a shroud passage were achieved including the mean velocity and pressure,as well as the eddy in a large scale of flow field due to viscosity. The rotordynamic force coefficients were calculated,and the results were in good agreement with those of experiment except for the direct inertial coefficient without the consideration of whirling forces from the impeller primary flow passage.     

负荷电压静特性模型对潮流计算的影响分析

在实际系统运行中,采用合理的负荷电压特性模型能较准确地反映电网的潮流分布状况。基于节点负荷的取用功率是其电压的函数,提出采用两种负荷电压静态特性模型,针对不同负荷电压静态特性模型的系数对潮流计算结果的影响,对比分析各关系曲线的斜率从而确定选择负荷电压静态特性模型。所得结果可为电压敏感性负荷的潮流计算提供参考。     

An improvement to the simulation of phase-change heat-transfer during soil freezing and thawing

A new variable time step method, which is called the backwards calculating time step method, is presented in this paper. It allows numerical simulation of soil freezing and thawing while avoiding "phase change missing and overflowing". A sensitive heat capacity model is introduced through which the calculation errors are analyzed. Then the equation using the self-adjusted time step is presented and solved using finite differences. Through this equation, the time needed for a space cell to reach the phase change point temperature is calculated. Using this time allows the time step to be adjusted so that errors caused by "phase change missing and overflowing" are successfully eliminated. Above all, the obvious features of this method are an accelerated rate for adjusting the time step and simplifing the computations. An actual example proves that this method can accurately calculate the temperature fields during soil freezing and thawing. It is an improvement over traditional methods and can be widely used on com- plicated multi-dimensional phase change problems.     

Explosion limits for combustible gases

Combustible gases in coal mines are composed of methane, hydrogen, some multi-carbon alkane gases and other gases. Based on a numerical calculation, the explosion limits of combustible gases were studied, showing that these limits are related to the concentrations of different components in the mixture. With an increase of C4H10 and C6H14, the Lower ExplosionLimit (LEL) and Upper Explosion-Limit (UEL) of a combustible gas mixture will decrease clearly. For every 0.1% increase in C4H10 and C6H14, the LEL decreases by about 0.19% and the UEL by about 0.3%. The results also prove that, by increasing the amount of H2, the UEL of a combustible gas mixture will increase considerably. If the level of H2 increases by 0.1%, the UEL will increase by about 0.3%. However, H2 has only a small effect on the LEL of the combustible gas mixture. Our study provides a theoretical foundation for judging the explosion risk of an explosive gas mixture in mines.     

车辆风窗玻璃除霜系统性能的数值模拟与试验

风窗玻璃除霜系统的主要性能包括快速除霜/冰的能力和防止玻璃再次结霜,影响除霜系统性能的关键因素是除霜器喷嘴的结构及喷射气流的位置、方向、动量等参数。针对某车型除霜系统试验情况,通过计算流体力学方法对该试验进行了数值模拟重现,寻找除霜系统的不足,并对系统进行改进,保证该车的除霜性能满足国家标准要求。     

公路建设项目国民经济评价中土地收益划分与计算研究初探

一、公路建设项目经济评价的内容与方法 经济评价是贯穿工程项目建设全过程的一项重要内容,作为国民经济发展不可或缺的重大基础设施——公路建设项目而言,亦不例外。     

轿车传动系扭转振动模型分析与计算

分析了某轿车传动系的布置特点,依据当量系统简化原则,建立了轿车传动系扭转振动当量模型。利用Matlab软件编制了计算扭振的计算机程序,实现了对轿车传动系扭转振动固有频率、振型的计算。与原有数据进行比较,结果表明：建立的当量模型具有较高精度,所编写的计算机程序也具有准确性。     

一个新的动态约束因子PSO算法

根据带约束因子PSO算法,推导出认知因子c1、社会因子c2和惯性权重w之间应满足的关系.提出新的DCF-PSO算法,随着其中的惯性权重非线性递减,动态调整c1和c2值.通过Benchmark验证了改进后算法的高效性能.实验结果表明,算法表现优异.     

土地开发整理项目中土地平整工程量的计算研究

土地平整工程是土地开发整理项目工程建设的核心内容.土地平整工程量计算是土地整理项目规划设计预算和项目审查的重要内容之一,土方量的大小与土地开发整理项目的投资直接相关.本文在分析各种计算方法的基础上,分析了各种方法的适用性,并提出了适宜于不同情况下土地平整工程量的计算方法.