灵敏负荷在配电网控制中的约束条件和容量估算

论述了配电网中的灵敏负荷,作为资源的灵敏负荷所具有的特点,给出了灵敏负荷控制系统的示意图。重点讨论了灵敏负荷优化控制约束条件以及相关的数学模型,即在考虑某些实际问题的情况下,给出了灵敏负荷最优控制的约束条件,设定了关闭和正常运行两种状态的约束关系,在限定的必要条件下,求解最优化目标函数。以沈阳市为例,根据所测日负荷数据分析曲线图,对灵敏负荷的容量进行了估算,对于指导灵敏负荷控制起到重要的作用和实用效果。利用好灵敏负荷资源,对提高电力系统的稳定性,降低运行成本有着重要的实际意义。     

Risk reduction in Sechahun iron ore deposit by geological boundary modification using multiple indicator Kriging

Uncertainty on the geological contacts and the block volumes of the models along boundaries is often a major part of the global uncertainty of reserve estimation.This work introduces a geostatistical technique that has been developed and tested in an iron ore deposit at Bafq mining district,in central Iran,and that,based on a probability criterion,helps to objectively model the geometry of this iron ore deposit.The main problem in reserve estimation of this ore body is its geometrical modeling and uncertainty in geological boundaries.This work deals with the geostatistical method of multiple indicator kriging,which is used to determine the real boundaries of ore body in different categories.This approach has potential to improve project performance and decrease operational risk.For this purpose,the ore body is separated into two categories including rich iron zone （w（Fe）〉45%） and poor iron zone （20%〈w（Fe）〈45%）.It significantly benefits to decrease the risk of reserve evaluation in the deposit.This case study also highlights the value of multiple indicator kriging as a tool for estimates the position of grade boundaries within the deposit.Comparison of the resultant probability maps with the real ore/waste contacts on the extracted levels shows that the first indicator model could separate the whole ore body （poor plus rich） from the waste zone by probability of more than 0.35,which concludes the total reserve of 53 million tons.The second indicator model applied to separate the rich and poor domains and the results show that the blocks with the estimated probability of equal to or more than 0.4 lay within the rich ore zone consisting of 15.8 million tons reserve.     

Methodology for estimating probability of dynamical system’s failure for concrete gravity dam简

Methodology for the reliability analysis of hydraulic gravity dam is the key technology in current hydropower construction.Reliability analysis for the dynamical dam safety should be divided into two phases：failure mode identification and the calculation of the failure probability.Both of them are studied based on the mathematical statistics and structure reliability theory considering two kinds of uncertainty characters（earthquake variability and material randomness）.Firstly,failure mode identification method is established based on the dynamical limit state system and verified through example of Koyna Dam so that the statistical law of progressive failure process in dam body are revealed; Secondly,for the calculation of the failure probability,mathematical model and formula are established according to the characteristics of gravity dam,which include three levels,that is element failure,path failure and system failure.A case study is presented to show the practical application of theoretical method and results of these methods.     

电动汽车锂电池SOC估算研究

为了精确估算电动汽车锂电池的荷电状态(state of charge,SOC),本文通过对主流SOC估算方法进行分析与比较,提出了一种基于卡尔曼滤波算法的电动汽车能量管理系统(energy management system,EMS)SOC估算方法,同时采用联合模型以保证估算过程中有较好的精度,并在实验室条件下进行实测数据及MATLAB仿真分析。仿真结果表明,卡尔曼滤波算法对锂电池SOC进行在线实时估计是有效的,能够较为准确地计算出SOC值,且估算结果与实测值基本一致,该方法可以用于电动汽车锂电池SOC的估算,具有很强的实际应用价值。     

圈闭资源量计算中体积法的软件实现

从体积法的数据、原理到功能实现,提出了一个完整的体积法计算圈闭资源量的计算机软件功能实现方案。重点探讨了软件在实现过程中所涉及的确定性和不确定性两种方法,并介绍了不确定方法参数概率分布设置的4种方法:利用分布模型库、端值法、等值线法和面积-深度图版法。通过某构造圈闭资源量计算实例应用,表明该软件系统能满足计算过程中各种功能的需求,在实际工作中能够较好地应用到具体的资源量预测和评价中。     

宽厚板坯连铸结晶器铜板的热流密度分布与热分析

基于热电偶对邯钢宽厚板坯连铸结晶器铜板的温度实测,构建其有限元传热模型与非线性估算热流密度模型。采取模型反算的结果获得铜板的热流密度,并且与热平衡方法计算出的平均热流密度做对比,论证模型的有效性,确定铜板宽、窄面的热流密度公式,同时对铜板进行温度分布分析。铜板热面、冷面的温度曲线均呈波浪状分布,热面的温度变化较为平缓,冷面有最大29.4℃的温差。铜板的温度随至弯月面的距离的增大而减小,但在结晶器出口区域出现23℃的回温。     

基于自适应基准锁相环的高速永磁电机转子位置误差全补偿方法

转子位置信息的精度影响高速永磁同步电机的运行性能,在高速运行条件下,转子位置估算容易受到环路滤波器和电机参数偏差等非理想因素的影响.首先,针对转子位置估算误差,该文提出一种自适应基准锁相环,主要思想是锁相环通过误差重构,实现对基频相关误差补偿.在此基础上,以最小电流为目标自适应调节锁相环的锁相基准,实现对非基频相关误差的补偿,最终实现对位置误差的全补偿,该方法实现简单、参数依赖性低、鲁棒性强.最后,基于一台高速永磁同步电机进行仿真与实验,结果验证了所提出方法的有效性.     

冷挤压组合凹模的寿命估算

冷挤压组合凹模的失效主要是凹模内腔疲劳裂纹的出现，在模具设计的前期较为准确的估算出组合凹模的疲劳寿命是模具优化设计的前提。通过对组合凹模的应力分析后，采用Mises屈服准则的方法把凹模所受的多轴应力转化成单轴应力，再利用局部应力应变法找到了估算冷挤压组合凹模寿命的途径。     

成型砂轮截面曲线光顺处理的近似双圆弧插补法及误差估算

在解决成型砂轮截面曲线的光顺处理问题时，作者提出了一种新的曲线数字化处理方法——近似双圆弧插补法，简化了计算过程。为了估算该方法的误差，本文模拟曲线反求的过程进行了仿真计算，计算结果表明：若曲线反求时测量点的间距取为0．1mm左右，则对所讨论的实例而言，处理结果对原曲线的最大偏离为0．552μm，这样的误差对数控加工影响很小，而且整个处理过程所花费的时间不足1分钟，因此，该方法能满足数控加工的要求。     

与抽样相结合的县级作物遥感面积估算应用实例

为了探索遥感卫星影像和无人机调查在实际遥感面积估算中的调查效果和适用性,以广东省阳春市晚稻为例,采用卫星影像与无人机调查结果相结合,使用两种面积估算方法进行2013年晚稻种植面积估算。实验结果表明,比估计和回归估计方法的估算结果分别为22 501.1hm2和22 781.1hm2,二者的CV分别为8.84%和1.03%。研究结果表明:1无人机调查可获得高质量的面积测量信息;2优化后的样本能够支持面积估算过程,但其理论意义需要更进一步地讨论与证明;3卫星数据与无人机调查数据相结合的方法可以提供满足统计精度要求的面积测量结果,具有良好的应用前景。