Effect of rubber particles on cement stabilized gravel system

The primary objective of this paper was to study the mechanical properties and durability of the cement stabilized gravel by different compact method. The influence of rubber particle content on mechanical properties of samples was studied by compaction tests and freezing thawing recycle tests. Pore structure and fractal characteristic of mixture were analyzed quantitatively using mercury intrusion porosimetry （MIP）. X-ray diffraction （XRD） was adopted to identify the composition phases. The morphology analysis in micro scale and elemental analysis of samples were carried out by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The optimum compressive strengths of rubber cement stabilized gravel （RCSG） with static compaction method and with vibratory compaction method were obtained by controlling compaction degree and vibration time, respectively. From the compaction tests, the vibratory compaction method is preferred compared with the static compaction method as better compressive strength can be improved by about 340%-360%. Besides, test results also reveal that compressive strength of samples with vibratory compaction method or static compaction method will decrease with the rubber particle bulk content increasing. The freezing thawing recycle tests indicate that freezing thawing resistance has been improved （frozen stability coefficient K has been increased from 0.89 to 0.97） by the addition of rubber particles. MIP tests show that the mean pore diameter and porosity of mixture have been increased from 70 to 250 nm and 9% to 24% respectively, with the rubber particles content increasing. Component analysis shows that the calcium silicate hydrate （CSH） is the predominant hydrate product with or without the addition of rubber particles.     

Mechanical properties of silica aerogels prepared from a mixture of TEOS and organo-alkoxysilanes of type R1SiX3

Silica aerogels were prepared from a mixture of tetraethylorthosilicate and organo- alkoxysilanes. The effects of organo-alkoxysilanes on the mechanical properties of the silica aerogels were studied. The flexibility of silica aerogels was significantly improved by incorporation of organo-alkoxysilanes. When MTES and TEOS were combined as precursors of silica areogels, with the increased amount of MTES, the apparent elastic modulus and apparent compressive strength monotonously rose. At the same organo- alkoxysilanes to TEOS ratio, the size of alkyl groups of the organo-alkoxysilanes had little effect on the mechanical properties. In series of MTES and TEOS, the lowest elastic modulus of silica skeleton and the highest compressive strength of silica skeleton were observed at MTES to TEOS ratio of around 50：50. At a certain organo-alkoxysilanes to TEOS ratio, the elastic modulus of silica skeleton increased and the compressive strength of silica skeleton decreased with the size increase of the alkvl grouns.     

Effect of rubber particle modification on properties of rubberized concrete

To improve the combination of cement matrix and waste tire rubber particles in concrete, the rubber particles were treated with acrylic acid（ACA） and polyethylene glycol（PEG） for grafting hydrophilic groups on their surfaces. The X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and surface contact angle were used to characterize the hydrophilicity and surface functional group of rubber particles. The effect of rubber particle modifi cation on fresh/hardened properties of rubberized concrete was studied. The experimental results show that the contact angle between rubber particle surface and water decreases when rubber particle is modifi ed. Compared with the unmodifi ed rubberized concrete（RC）, the unit weight of modifi ed rubberized concrete（MRC） changes slightly. However, the slump, air-entrainment, compressive strength, flexural strength, and impact performance of MRC are obviously improved. Under good condition of slump, the water-cement ratio of the MRC can be reduced from 0.4 to 0.38. And the compressive strength and fl exural strength of the MRC（10% rubber particle content） can be increased by 25.9% and 26.4%, respectively.     

基于试验二维随机骨料再生混凝土抗压强度研究

制作42个再生混凝土立方体试块并测试其立方体抗压强度,基于二维随机骨料理论推导符合试验用粗骨料级配的二维骨料分布曲线,生成二维随机骨料混凝土有限元模型模拟其抗压强度并与试验结果进行对比.结果表明：再生混凝土抗压强度总体上随再生粗骨料取代率的上升而降低,但再生粗骨料取代率为50%时,试验与有限元模拟结果均存在强度升高的变异现象.随着再生粗骨料取代率的上升,再生混凝土抗压强度峰值应力对应的平均应变有所延后.     

适用于聚羧酸减水剂的混凝土激发剂研究

提出一种适用于聚羧酸减水剂的复合矿物混凝土激发剂,研究了在不同养护条件、不同掺量下,激发剂对混凝土工作性能及各龄期强度的影响,结合XRD,SEM物相检测探讨了激发剂作用机理,并在连江可门港口泊位工程中试用,测试了掺激发剂混凝土的耐久性能.宏观测试结果表明所研激发剂I型对混凝土工作性能影响不大,能够提高混凝土早期强度,且对后期强度及长期耐久性能无不良影响;微观分析表明激发剂I型的掺入加速了C2S,C3S等矿物的水化,并激发了粉煤灰、矿粉的二次水化反应,混凝土强度发展拐点提前出现.     

混杂纤维混凝土抗压和抗拉性能试验研究

为了研究钢-聚丙烯混杂纤维混凝土的抗压、抗拉性能和增强机理,制备和易性良好、可以泵送施工的素混凝土(PC)、聚丙烯纤维混凝土(PFRC)、钢纤维混凝土(SFRC)和混杂纤维混凝土(HFRC),对设计强度为C50的4种材料进行立方体抗压和劈裂抗拉试验。结果表明:HFRC的立方体抗压强度分别比PC、PFRC和SFRC的增加6.5%、10.9%和1.8%。HFRC的劈裂抗拉强度分别比PC、PFRC和SFRC的增加12.59%、7.04%和1.56%。可见,混杂纤维对立方体抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度增长效果显著。PC和PFRC在试验中均发生脆性破坏,而SFRC和HFRC均发生延性破坏。通过对比4种材料的抗压和抗拉性能,可为混杂纤维的增强机理研究提供基础。     

机制砂对不同强度等级商品混凝土性能的影响

采用机制砂分别按照0%、25%、50%、75%和100%等量替代天然河砂制备C25~C55不同强度等级的泵送混凝土,研究机制砂对混凝土工作性和抗压强度的影响。结果显示,对于C25~C40强度等级混凝土,机制砂替代天然砂比例低于50%时对工作性影响不大;对于粉料量较高的C40以上混凝土,机制砂替代比例可提高到75%仍不影响工作性;但完全采用机制砂替代天然砂则容易造成离析;机制砂替代天然砂比例低于50%时对各强度等级混凝土的强度均无影响,对于高强混凝土则能够在低于75%的代砂率条件下强度都略提高,但完全采用机制砂替代天然砂则对各强度等级的混凝土抗压强度都不利。     

铁矿含碳球团还原后性能的实验研究

通过恒温还原实验,研究C,O摩尔比（C/O）、还原温度、还原时间和煤粉粒度4个因素对铁矿含碳球团还原后金属化率、孔隙率和抗压强度等性能的影响,观察球团断面的显微结构,分析球团还原过程和强度形成机理。结果表明：随还原温度的升高和还原时间的延长,球团的孔隙率降低,铁连晶的致密度增加,抗压强度提高;在C/O为0.67,还原温度1 200℃,还原时间35 min,煤粉粒度45μm以下质量分数为98.4%的实验条件下,含碳球团还原后的金属化率88.15%,孔隙率22.05%,抗压强度2 870 N。     

粉煤灰对发泡混凝土抗压强度的影响

为了开发利用粉煤灰,生产出节能环保的新型建筑材料产品,减少粉煤灰的环境污染,本实验为探索性实验,采用以复合硅酸盐水泥、砂为主要原材料,配以发泡剂、稳泡剂、增稠剂及减水剂等外加剂,制备出发泡混凝土,采用正交及对比实验方法研究了原料配合比对发泡混凝土28 d抗压强度的影响,结果表明:相同粉煤灰的掺加量随着发泡混凝土砌块孔径的增大其抗压强度降低的越快,故若想多掺加粉煤灰制备发泡混凝土砌块,其孔径必须限制在一定的范围。     

高地温隧洞对喷射混凝土性能影响的研究

针对奇热哈塔尔水电站引水隧洞在不同洞段温度和湿度相差较大,对喷射混凝土的性能产生不同程度的影响的问题,通过模拟试验方法,模拟现场不同温湿度环境,采用浇筑法混凝土和喷射法混凝土两种对比实验,对试块养护、试压,并从微观上分析温湿度对混凝土试块的影响,高温环境养护的试块可以提高混凝土的前期强度,同时也能促进混凝土内部的水化反应。