Microstructure and thermal expansion behavior of spray-deposited Al–50Si

The evolution of microstructure and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the Al–50Si (wt.%) alloy manufactured by spray deposition followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) are systematically investigated. The results indicate that the microstructure of the deposited alloy is composed of primary Si with average size of 12.5 ± 0.1 μm and α-Al. The CTE of the deposited alloy is higher than the corresponding alloy produced by casting due to the high solid solubility of Al in Si. After HIP, the CTE is lower than the parent as-deposited alloy owing to the high solid solubility of Si in Al. The residual thermal stress results in a higher CTE during the second heating as a result of the CTE mismatch between the Al matrix and the primary Si particles. Furthermore, the measured CTE value is in good agreement with the Turner model after complete densification by HIP at 843 K.     

Effect of stirring on behaviour of double oxide film defects in A356 aluminium melt

The effect of stirring of melt on the behaviour of double oxide film (bifilm) defects in A356 melt was investigated using a reduced pressure test (RPT) technique. The melt was poured from a height into a crucible to introduce bifilms into the melt. The melt was then either remained stagnant or mechanically stirred, and RPT samples were taken from the melt at 8 min intervals. The RPT samples were then characterised by determination of their porosity parameters and examination of the internal surfaces of the pores using a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that stirring of the melt facilitated the diffusion of H in the melt into the atmosphere of the defects and hence accelerated the removal of the defects from the melt by floatation. This effect was attributed to the increase in the stress induced to the defects, which increased the rate of formation of cracks on their layers.     

Intermetallic powders of Ni–Al, Cu–Al and Cr–Al systems obtained by the self-disintegration method

The intermetallic compounds of the Ni–Al, Cu–Al and Cr–Al systems are characterised by the profitable set of mechanical and physical properties, such as good abrasion resistance, high temperature oxidation and sulfur corrosion resistance.

Alloy powders, among them intermetallic powders, are widely used and methods of their production are under development. The technology described here takes advantage of a natural phenomenon, i.e. self-disintegration which takes place in alloys containing Al₄C₃ carbide, e.g. in high aluminium cast iron. The result of chemical reaction between this carbide and moisture are products of bigger volume. It causes cracking of the matrix, i.e. self-disintegration into a powder. The physical–chemical principles of the powder production using self-disintegration are presented in this article.

In Ni–Al–C, Cu–Al–C and Cr–Al–C alloys, Al₄C₃ phase is not present in the liquid melt. Therefore, the presence of a catalysing component, increasing the chemical activity of carbon, is required. Iron can be one of such additions. The mechanism of the influence of the iron on the Al₄C₃ carbide crystallisation and the physical–chemical properties of the powders obtained by the self-disintegration process is presented in this work. Applications (plasma spraying, powder metallurgy) of the intermetallic powders obtained in this way are mentioned.     

The Influence of Adherend Topography on the Fracture Toughness of Aluminium-Epoxy Adhesive Joints in Humid Environments

The adherend surface topography has a dramatic effect on the durability of structural bonds formed between aluminium and an epoxy adhesive. Systematic changes in the micro-roughness of an aluminium adherend were achieved using an ultra-milling technique to prepare surfaces with topographies ranging from ultra-flat to a sawtooth profile with a base angle of approximately 60° and a peak-to-valley depth of 10 μm. The fracture toughness of double-cantilever beam specimens, stressed in the Mode 1 direction and exposed to a humid environment was found to change by a factor of approximately one hundred as the sawtooth profile angle was increased. These changes in fracture toughness may be accounted for through complex interrelationships between moisture diffusion and interphase mechanical properties, each with a strong dependence on the surface micro-topography.     

Influence of heat treatments and anodization on fatigue life of 2017A alloy

In order to investigate the coupled effects of heat treatments and anodizing processes on fatigue life of aluminium alloy 2017A, a series of fatigue tests were conducted at 25 Hz. The effect of different tempers, naturally and artificially ageing (T4 and T6) and overageing (T7) conditions before sulphuric anodization were studied. Additionally, information on the microstructure of the anodic films was acquired by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses. The image analysis yielded qualitative information on the evolution of the surface morphology as a function of the substrate microstructure. Hence measured mechanical properties were directly related to the corresponding microstructure, the result of fatigue tests showed a decrease in fatigue life of anodized specimens as compared to untreated ones. This phenomenon became more pronounced in the T6 and T7 states. The decrease in the fatigue life could mainly be attributed to the brittle nature of oxide layer and to the heterogeneous microstructure of the film.     

Evaluation of surface/interface quality,microstructure and mechanical properties of hybrid additive-subtractive aluminium parts

A disadvantage of selective laser melting (SLM) processes for the manufacture of large parts is their slow build time per unit volume. A hybrid route is to generate core simple shapes traditionally, for example by machining, followed by adding final features by SLM. Here the mechanical integrity of such hybrid parts is studied, choosing the building of AlSi10Mg by SLM on a machined AA6082 base, in the shape of a tensile test piece, as a simple example. These materials are chosen for their relevance to lightweight parts. As-built parts fail at the SLM/machined interface but standard heat treatments transfer failures to the machined material. Optimised SLM processing conditions and microstructures of the SLM and interfacial regions are reported.     

利用煤矸石制备超细Al(OH)_3

采用矿物组成改性技术活化煤矸石中Al2O3,消除阻止C2S晶相转变的干扰因素,实现了煤矸石活化烧结料100%的自粉化,自粉化料平均粒径小于1μm;用8%碳酸钠溶液可从自粉化料中以NaAlO2形式提取铝组分,用高效分散—碳化法制备超细Al(OH)3,其平均粒度小于200nm,为煤矸石的高价值利用开辟了一条新的途径。     

装饰用铝合金型材氧化膜制造工艺研究

铝合金型材在大气中易被腐蚀，阳极氧化膜能提高材料的抗腐蚀性能。讨论了电解液硫酸浓度、溶液温度、氧化时间，电流密度对氧化膜质量的影响。选择硫酸浓度为１５％～２０％，温度为（２０±１）℃，时间为（３０±２）ｍｉｎ，电流密度１～１５Ａ／ｄｍ２的工艺条件，取得了厚度１０～１２μｍ，抗腐强度９级，硬度为３５１Ｈｖ的各种颜色铝合金型材。     

利用高岭土制取聚合氯化铝和白炭黑的试验研究

本文较为系统地研究了利用高岭土制取聚合氯化铝和白炭黑的工艺流程。通过正交试验，成功地找到了制取聚合氯化铝较优的工艺条件，为我国高岭土的开发应用提供了一条新途径。     

电弧喷涂在加气混凝土蒸压釜中的应用

蒸压釜的腐蚀致使反应釜的寿命只有设计寿命的一半左右,一直是困扰建材行业多年的难题。采用电弧喷涂铝复合涂层来解决反应釜的腐蚀问题,可使其达到或超过设计寿命。