As,Sb,Sn对30CrMnSiA钢力学性能的影响

在３０ＣｒＭｎＳｉＡ钢中加入不同量的Ａｓ，Ｓｂ，Ｓｎ元素，研究了这些元素单独存在及复合存在时对钢的强度，塑性，冲击韧度及韧脆转变温度的影响规律，并用扫描电镜及俄歇能谱分析了Ａｓ，Ｓｂ，Ｓｎ导致晶界脆化的机理。     

家居室内环境的“低碳”设计思考

目前家居装饰装修市场繁荣,人们伴随着经济实力的提升而追求居住环境的舒适性、豪华性、美观性的愿望得已实现,但设计师和客户都应理性的对待居住空间的过分装饰和纯粹的美观性,应注重营造实用、绿色低碳的家居空间环境,顺应社会发展的要求。本文通过对家居空间"低碳"设计的分析,倡导家居空间环境应健康节能、选择低碳的装饰装修设计。     

无润滑空气压缩机冷却水系统的清洗

介绍了无润滑空气压缩机冷却水系统结垢的危害性，阐述了清洗的原理，提出了清洗时应注意的工艺参数，操作时的注意事项和由此带来的经济效益。     

Consistent hierarchical economic NMPC for a class of hybrid systems using neighboring-extremal updates

A hierarchical two-layer control algorithm is developed for a class of hybrid (discrete-continuous dynamic) systems to support economically optimal operation of batch or continuous processes with a predefined production schedule. For this class of hybrid systems, the optimal control moves as well as the controlled switching times between two adjacent modes are determined online. In contrast to closely related schemes for integrated scheduling and control, the sequence of modes is not optimized. On the upper layer, the economic optimal control problem is solved rigorously by a slow hybrid economic model predictive controller at a low sampling rate. On the lower layer, a fast hybrid neighboring-extremal controller is based on the same economic optimal control problem as the slow controller to ensure consistency between both layers. The fast neighboring-extremal controller updates rather than tracks the optimal trajectories from the upper layer to account for disturbances. Consequently, the fast controller steers the process to its operational bounds under disturbances and the economic potential of the process is exploited anytime. The suggested two-layer control algorithm provides fully consistent control action on the fast and slow time-scale and thus avoids performance degradation and even infeasibilities which are commonly encountered if inconsistent optimal control problems are formulated and solved.     

A tutorial review of economic model predictive control methods

An overview of the recent results on economic model predictive control (EMPC) is presented and discussed addressing both closed-loop stability and performance for nonlinear systems. A chemical process example is used to provide a demonstration of a few of the various approaches. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the current status of EMPC and future research directions to promote and stimulate further research potential in this area.     

Fast economic model predictive control based on NLP-sensitivities

This study adapts the advanced step NMPC framework to Economic NMPC. Here, sufficient conditions for nominal stability are derived for NMPC controllers that incorporate economic stage costs with appropriate regularization. To guarantee these conditions, we derive a constructive strategy to calculate the regularization term directly. Moreover, we extend the sensitivity components in the advanced step NMPC framework to consider a rigorous path-following algorithm. This approach accounts for active set changes and allows much weaker constraint qualifications. Moreover, using an ℓ₁ formulation of the NMPC problem satisfies these constraint qualifications and allows more reliable solution of the moving horizon optimization problem, even in the presence of noise. Finally, all of these concepts are demonstrated on a detailed case study with a continuously stirred tank reactor.     

On the performance of economic model predictive control with self-tuning terminal cost

In this paper, we analyze the closed-loop performance of a recently introduced economic model predictive control (MPC) scheme with self-tuning terminal cost. To this end, we propose to use a generalized terminal region constraint instead of a generalized terminal equality constraint within the repeatedly solved optimization problem, which allows us to obtain improved closed-loop asymptotic average performance bounds. In particular, these bounds can be obtained a priori. We discuss how the necessary parameters for the generalized terminal region setting can be calculated, and we illustrate our findings with two numerical examples.     

澳洲锂辉石在陶瓷釉料中的应用

本文介绍了澳洲锂辉石的特性及其在陶瓷釉料中的作用、机理及使用方法,并对使用澳洲锂辉石所产生的经济效益进行了分析。     

经济管理类院校《微积分》教学浅析

针对经济管理类院校学科专业的特殊性,给出经济管理类院校《微积分》教学应该培养学生的学习兴趣,明确学习《微积分》的重要性和必要性,重视《微积分》在经济中的应用,灵活的应用多媒体教学,巧妙设计课后作业等几点建议。     

水资源账户的建立与应用研究

为了补充和完善综合环境经济核算体系,进一步改进现代水利统计体系,实现水资源一体化管理,完成自然资源核算中水资源的核算部分,目前,对水资源环境经济核算方面的研究工作逐渐展开。作为水资源环境经济核算的重要组成部分,水资源账户的建立十分必要。基于水资源环境经济核算体系,介绍了水资源账户建立的背景、构架、核心管理问题和各账户编制内容以及账户建立的关键问题等,提出了水资源账户建立的一般思路,可为区域、流域水资源账户的编制提供参考。