Hello Stranger: Phenomenology and Topography of the Megacity

Caroline Bos of UNStudio counters the city theme of this issue of Architectural Design with the spectre of the megacity. The very recent emergence and scale of the Asian megacity, she argues, requires a very different architectural treatment to the European or North American metropolis. It is one that should be understood through an experiential approach that brings to the fore spatial and visual relations between people, and people and things, asking, for instance, how so many strangers can be so visibly at home in public urban space.     

应对环境和而不同温捷强的内蒙古新雅设计公司办公楼

内蒙古新雅设计有限公司办公楼建筑在一个狭窄的基地上,设计过程当中受到诸多限制。文章从建筑与环境的关系、建筑内部空间组织以及细节处理几个方面来对建筑进行评论以及分析,陈述这种基于环境的质朴的设计理念和思维方式。     

影响建筑中庭热舒适度的几个因素及改善措施

中庭在建筑设计中是常用的一种空间形式,它具有艮好的采光、通风效果,并起到了丰富建筑空间的作用,但从人对中庭的热舒适度方面考虑甚少。该文通过调研,从建筑设计角度分析总结了影响建筑中庭热舒适度的因素,并提出了几点建议.     

同济大学逸夫楼浅评

从同济大学逸夫楼的总体布局、形式感觉、空间塑造、与周围环境的关系及建筑师在设计过程中所付出的努力等诸方面展开评论。     

自然通风环境下办公建筑中庭空间热舒适性模糊优化研究

：随着绿色建筑设计理念深入人心,办 公建筑的中庭空间因其特有空间特质受到越来 越多的关注。通常办公中庭空间中的节能性与热 舒适性是一对矛盾体,而自然通风作为被动节能 技术之一,不仅能够促进中庭空间的内外空气 循环,改善室内空气质量,而且降低能耗和提升 热舒适性,较好地解决这一矛盾。以江雅园办公 楼中庭空间为案例进行研究,从中庭屋顶形态、 中庭高度及进风口开启方式三个变量因素出发, 引用模糊评估方法寻找出中庭空间自然通风热 舒适性最佳方案,结论显示在多个组合方案中 斜屋顶形态+进风口全部开启的方案热舒适性最 佳,同时也证明屋顶形态与通风方式的变化对自 然通风舒适性的影响较大,而中庭空间高度的变化对自然通风舒适性影响较小。本研究希望建立一套以风速和温度为评价指标的模糊体系,为自 然通风的热舒适性的评价提供一种客观的评估手段,从而为方案阶段的中庭空间设计提供一种 有效的优化方法。     

Numerical simulation of the spread of smoke in an atrium under fire scenario

The Fire Dynamics Simulator code is used to investigate the smoke movement in an atrium under fire scenario. At first, by comparing with experimental data of the atrium fire under low and high heat release rates, reasonable model constants of C_s and Pr_t and appropriate grid system are determined for simulating smoke movement in the atrium, the simulation results are in good agreement with those experimental data. Then, the performance of different smoke exhaust methods in the atrium is studied. Smoke filling processes are investigated under different natural and enhanced smoke exhaust methods. Simulated results show that natural smoke exhaust method is preferred when the smoke exhaust vents are located at the ceiling of the atrium. On the other hand, when the smoke exhaust vents are located on the walls of the atrium, the higher positions of the smoke exhaust vents are preferred. In addition, the influence of the fire source locations on the smoke spreading process is presented in this paper, three kinds of fire source locations are studied, they are central fire, side wall fire and corner fire. Results indicate that the descending process of the smoke layer is the slowest when the fire source is at the corner of the atrium.     

Comparative analysis of energy performance between courtyard and atrium in buildings

In this paper, the energy performance of a central atrium is investigated and compared with the energy performance of a courtyard with the same geometric proportions. The atrium and the courtyard design used for the analysis are square in plan and surrounded by the building on all four sides. The glazing type and percentage for the courtyard walls and atrium skylight are varied in the analysis. Weather data from four cities representative of climatic conditions of cold, temperate, hot-humid and hot-dry were used. The results show that, in general, the open courtyard building exhibits a better energy performance for the shorter buildings. As the building height increases, however, at some point the enclosed atrium exhibits a better energy performance. This “break even” point for the number of stories depends on different factors like glazing and climate parameters discussed above.     

Visitors' perceptions on the important factors of atrium design in shopping centers: A study of Gandaria City Mall and Ciputra World in Indonesia

Atriums as quasi-internal public spaces in shopping centers play an essential role as an identity provider and offer spatial orientation in shopping center architecture. This study aims to examine the significant factors of atrium design, which can provide a sense of place for shopping center visitors. The research was conducted with the sequential exploratory method, which involved a qualitative study, followed by a quantitative study. The objects of this research weret wo shopping centers located in the two largest cities in Indonesia, namely, Gandaria City Mall in Jakarta and Ciputra Worldin Surabaya. A total of 43 informants were a part of the qualitative data collection, and 350 respondents served as survey participants. The survey research shows that the design factors considered by visitors at the Gandaria City Mall are atrium legibility, atrium decoration, event decoration, social image and interaction, and event ambience, whereas the visitors at Ciputra World considered atrium legibility, socia limage and interaction, atrium ambience,and atrium decoration.     

The impact of atrium shape on natural smoke ventilation

The performance efficiency of natural smoke ventilation in atria spaces are influenced greatly by several design decisions such as atrium shape, height, size and openings location. This paper investigates the impact of atrium shape (horizontal profile) on smoke ventilation performance in naturally ventilated atria. Three different configurations (square, rectangular and triangular prism) with the same area, height, and hence, volume were tested. The smoke ventilation performance is being assessed in terms of smoke filling time using a computational fire dynamic simulator (FDS). FDS is used to simulate the natural smoke filling resulting from atrium fire in the three configurations. The smoke layer interface height as a function of time and soot mass fraction and temperature as a function of height have been registered during the simulation. The predicted transport lag time for initial formation of the smoke layer beneath the ceiling (ceiling jet) was compared for the three tests. In order to test sensitivity of the shapes, all other parameters were designed to be similar in the three tests, and the same fire scenario was applied including inlet and outlet area, and fire size and location. The results showed that the rectangular configuration contributes better to smoke ventilation, and that the triangular configuration is the most critical in terms of smoke filling time, followed by the square configuration.     

Spatial Atrium软交换的组网及维护

文章主要介绍了上海贝尔阿尔卡特（ASB）Spatial Atrium软交换的构成、容量和组网,以及Spatial交换网络优化,并对Spatial Atrium的个别故障案例进行了分析。