采用进化规划和最大熵的目标图像分割算法

图像分割是图像处理和计算机视觉中关键技术之一。在分析最大熵法和进化规划算法(EP)基础上,提出一种自动阈值选取的图像分割算法。该算法以图像的最大熵作为适应度值,将图像分割问题看作一个全局数值优化问题,利用进化规划全局寻优和快速计算的特点,搜索一个最佳阈值用于图像分割。仿真结果表明,本方法很好地解决了最大熵法计算量大的缺点,速度快且分割效果好。     

Improvement of the basic correlating equations and transition criteria of natural convection heat transfer

In this paper, improvements in the basic physical laws of natural convection heat transfer were implemented in two major respects by incorporating recent research findings in this field. A preferred transition criterion was adopted in this paper to correlate all of the experimental data. Since transition correlations are primarily flow stability problems, the Grashof number, instead of the Rayleigh number, was found to be the preferred criterion. Furthermore, in the case of natural convection heat transfer from a horizontal cylinder, a series of experimental data in the high‐Rayleigh‐number regions recently became available. These data made it possible to establish new reliable correlations and also to test the validity of previous correlations. It is concluded that the previous correlation for a horizontal cylinder in high‐Rayleigh‐number regions was based on unreliable experimental results. The transition correlation for a horizontal cylinder occurred at much higher values of Rayleigh number than the previous recommendation. In the case of natural convection heat transfer from a vertical plate, more accurate property values for air under pressurized conditions are now available. This made it possible to replot the reliable data of Saunders. From this result and the experimental result of Warner and Arpaci, a new set of basic correlations in natural convection heat transfer for laminar, transitional, and turbulent regimes are recommended. These recommendations reflect a better understanding of the basic physical laws in the field of heat convection. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Heat Trans Asian Res, 30(4): 293–300, 2001     

Physically Based Failure Criterion for Dimensioning of Thick-Walled Laminates

The extreme lightweight potential of modern composites for the application in highly strained and thick walled components can only be sucessfully utilized with the help of adapted design procedures. Therefore, the stress and strain analysis of fibre reinforced components has experienced a tremendous improvement in recent years. The derived mechanical methods and the existing computing facilities are now capable of calculating complex and three-dimensional states of stress for single layers within laminated structures. The adequate development of appropriate failure criteria for the evaluation of such stress states has unfortunately not been promoted in the desired manner. In 1980, Hashin proposed a new generation of physically based failure analysis which could only be realized by a considerably increased numerical effort. Recently, Puck made a new attempt based on Hashin's concept using fundamental elements of the failure criterion by Mohr and Coulomb. Applying this model, the three-dimensional state of stress is evaluated in a realistic manner. It is assumed that besides the occurence of fibre failure only tensile stresses and shear stresses in loading planes tangential to the fibre direction induce the inter-fibre failure of the unidirectionally reinforced composite, whereas compressive stresses in these planes obstruct failure.     

Insight from in situ microscopy into which precipitate morphology can enable high strength in magnesium alloys

Magnesium alloys, while boasting light weight, suffer from a major drawback in their relatively low strength. Identifying the microstructural features that are most effective in strengthening is therefore a pressing challenge. Deformation twinning often mediates plastic yielding in magnesium alloys. Unfortunately, due to the complexity involved in the twinning mechanism and twin-precipitate interactions, the optimal precipitate morphology that can best impede twinning has yet to be singled out. Based on the understanding of twinning mechanism in magnesium alloys, here we propose that the lamellar precipitates or the network of plate-shaped precipitates are most effective in suppressing deformation twinning. This has been verified through quantitative in situ tests inside a transmission electron microscope on a series of magnesium alloys containing precipitates with different morphology. The insight gained is expected to have general implications for strengthening strategies and alloy design.     

方程x~3-1=py~2有正整数解的判别条件

设p是适合p≡1(mod6)的奇素数.根据二次Diophantine方程的性质,给出了方程x3-1=py2有正整数解(x,y)的新的判别条件.     

乡镇商业吸引能力的调查与分析——以河南省临颍县为例

临颍县的实证分析表明商业职能单位数较之人口规模是乡镇吸引能力更合适的表征指标.在分析该表征指标相关影响因素关系的基础上,提出由历史传统、区位竞争和人口规模3个典型因素构建的乡镇吸引能力复合指标.结合临颍县的实际应用表明,复合指标作为乡镇吸引能力表征指标优于人口规模.     

金属斜板极限载荷的统一解析解

用统一屈服准则(俞茂宏,1991)对斜板进行塑性极限分析,得到斜板的统一极限载荷解析式。从而得到一系列从单剪屈服准则(特雷斯卡,1864)到三剪屈服准则(米泽斯,1913)再到双剪屈服准则(俞茂宏,1961)的各种斜板的极限载荷,并得到矩形板和菱形板的极限均布载荷p随不同屈服准则的变化曲线,文献中已有的解均为统一解析解的特例。本文得到一系列有规则变化的新的解析解,可以适合于各种拉压强度相同的材料以及从方板、矩形板到不同角度的各种斜形板。它的工程应用可以得到显著的经济效益。     

60Co集装箱检测系统检入站的实现

介绍了＾６０Ｃｏ集装箱检测系统检入站的功能设计和实现方式。检入站是＾６０Ｃｏ集装箱检测系统中一个不可或缺的重要环节,它担负着集装箱相关信息的输入、待检集装箱流控制和信息传输等任务。     

双曲网壳地震作用下的双参数破坏准则

考虑网格形式和高跨比的变化,用有限元软件ANSYS对多个单层双曲抛物面网壳算例进行地震时程分析。采用全过程动力响应分析方法研究其失效特点,利用建筑结构基于位移和能量的双参数破坏准则的模式,将结构最大位移与塑性累积耗能进行组合建立了动力强度破坏的双参数准则,以动力破坏指标判定结构的动力破坏程度。与原有网壳结构动力破坏准则相比,应用双参数准则和动力破坏指标可以更有效地评价单层双曲抛物面网壳在地震作用下的动力强度破坏程度。