转炉炼钢智能动态终点控制

针对转炉炼钢过程复杂,影响终点因素多,而且难以进行连续准确针测量,提出了基于副枪检测信息的智能动态终点控制方法。采用灰色模型并通过神经网络进行补偿对转炉炼钢终点温度和碳含量进行预报,在此基础上,以RBF神经网络作为预设定模型,通过模糊调整确定补吹阶段需要的氧气量和加入的冷却剂量,并对一座180吨转炉进行仿真计算,结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于CJS-SLLE降维与即时学习的转炉炼钢终点碳温软测量方法

转炉炼钢中碳温的准确检测是终点判断的关键, 基于数据驱动的终点碳温软测量方法是一种有效途径, 但转炉炼钢生产过程数据存在高维度、非线性和数据波动大的问题. 针对这一问题, 本文提出一种降维与即时学习的终点碳温软测量(CJS-SLLE)算法用于过程数据的监督降维. 通过在距离度量中引入量化后的碳温标签信息, 从而构造了一种带有监督信息的度量方式实现类内类间方差的调整, 然后在带标签信息的基础上引入数据间方向信息, 从而实现了样本标签、方向和距离三者信息融合的一种新型(CJS)相似性度量策略, 应用到局部线性嵌入中获得高维训练样本低维坐标; 其次, 提出一种自适应局部线性投影策略用于无标签待测样本, 实现其低维坐标中同样包含标签信息; 最后, 根据即时学习算法选取样本子集建立偏最小二乘局部回归模型对终点碳温预测. 在实际转炉炼钢生产过程数据仿真下, 碳含量在±0.02%误差范围内预测精度达到90%, 温度在±10℃误差范围内预测精度达到87%     

Valorization of steel slag by a combined carbonation and granulation treatment

This work reports the results of a combined accelerated carbonation and wet granulation treatment applied to Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) steel slag with the aim of producing secondary aggregates for civil engineering applications and of storing CO₂ in a solid and thermodynamically stable form. The tests were carried out in a laboratory scale granulation device equipped with a lid and CO₂ feeding system. In each test, humidified slag (liquid/solid ratio of 0.12 l/kg) was treated for reaction times varying between 30 and 120 min under either atmospheric air or 100% CO₂. Under both conditions, the particle size of the treatment product was observed to increase progressively with reaction time; specifically, the d₅₀ values obtained for the products of the combined granulation and carbonation treatment increased from 0.4 mm to 4 mm after 30 min and to 10 mm after 120 min. Significant CO₂ uptake values (between 120 and 144 g CO₂/kg) were measured even after short reaction times for granules with diameters below 10 mm and for the coarser particle size fractions after reaction times of 90 min. The density, mineralogical composition and leaching behavior of the obtained granules were also investigated, showing that the combined granulation–carbonation process may be a promising option for BOF slag valorization, particularly in terms of decreasing the Ca hydroxide content of the slag. Another interesting finding was that the leaching behavior of the product of the combined treatment appeared to be significantly modified with respect to that of the untreated slag only for coarse uncrushed granules, an indication that the carbonation reaction occurs mainly on the outer layer of the formed granules.     

转炉余热锅炉独立煮炉装置及应用

分析了涟钢转炉余热锅炉原有煮炉系统存在的问题，介绍改进设计的一种新型独立煮炉装置及其在涟钢转炉上的应用。     

全板带型钢厂炉机匹配模型的建立

从精准设计的角度出发,将产能和时间节奏的匹配以及投资效益等指标作为目标函数,提出了全板带型钢厂转炉-连铸区段单条生产线炉机匹配的多目标规划数学模型,并采用同样的方法,在单条生产线模型的基础上,建立了全板带型钢厂多条生产线转炉-连铸区段炉机匹配的多目标数学规划模型.通过改进后的分层序列法给出了所建模型的求解方法,并采用JAVA语言,借助Eclipse软件,运用面向对象的编程方法对模型进行了求解.最后利用此模型验证了首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司炼钢车间的设计是较优的设计方案.     

宝钢300t转炉炉壳寿命预测

宝钢300t转炉炉壳使用中出现严重变形,危及生产.通过对炉壳变形过程监测、有限元炉壳应力分析、炉壳材料蠕变性能实验等综合技术手段,采用修正的θ-Conept Project方法成功地预测了转炉炉壳的残余使用寿命,为企业的生产计划决策提供了有效的技术支持.     

攀钢转炉炉龄数学模型

将统计学，数学相关分析及工程控制论应用到转炉炼钢工艺参数控制和数据处理上。把数学分析与炼钢理论结合起来，获得了各工艺参数，炉衬材质与炉龄之间的当量人而建立了攀钢炉龄的数学模型。根据本模型对影响炉龄的因素进行控制，４年内已使攀钢炉龄每年以１０％的速率递增，增加了转炉交钢能力。     

Pilot-scale high solids thermophilic anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste with an emphasis on nutrient requirements

A pilot study was conducted to assess the biodegradable organic fraction of municipal solid waste (BOF/MSW) as a substrate in a high-solids anaerobic digestion process. Results obtained indicate that a typical BOF/MSW in the United States is deficient in most macro and micro-nutrients required for robust and stable digestion. The BOF/MSW was supplemented with nutrient-rich organic wastes such as wastewater treatment plant sludges, dairy manure, and synthetic chemical solutions to correct nutritional deficiencies. The combined addition of wastewater treatment plant sludge and dairy manure to a typical BOF/MSW significantly elevated the gas production rate and enhanced the process stability. Microbial nutrient requirements are identified and nutrient concentrations for stable operation are quantified.     

基于鲁棒相关向量机的转炉炼钢终点预报模型

针对传统相关向量机在训练过程中易受异常点影响的问题,提出了一种鲁棒相关向量机模型,并将其应用于转炉炼钢终点碳含量和温度的预报.通过为每一个训练样本设定独立的噪声方差系数,并使其在训练过程中随模型预测误差的增大而逐渐减小来降低异常点的影响,同时依据贝叶斯证据框架给出了模型超参数的迭代计算公式,进行参数的优化.使用标准测试数据和转炉炼钢实际生产数据进行仿真,结果表明本文模型具有较好的预报精度和鲁棒性.     

铁水"三脱"的工艺特点及对转炉冶炼的影响

对宝钢铁水“三脱”工艺的处理效果进行了简介。宝钢的铁水“三脱”工艺可以将铁水的磷硫含量控制在很低的水平,但“三脱”工艺的粉剂单耗和处理温度降偏高,对影响脱磷效果和温降的因素进行了分析。采用“三脱”铁水,转炉可以实现少渣冶炼,并可以采用锰矿还原工艺,降低工艺成本。铁水的“三脱”对宝钢的纯净钢生产提供了技术保障,宝钢目前已具备了大批量生产纯净钢的能力。