Socioeconomic Value(s) of Restoring Environmental Flows: Systematic Review and Guidance for Assessment

The preservation of instream flows entails multiple benefits not only for river ecosystems but also for human well‐being. Benefits of marketed goods and services provided by water withdrawals such as irrigation, water supply and hydropower production are well‐known. Others, such as recreational, aesthetic, cultural and existence values of a well‐preserved river flows are less studied. There is an increasing interest of policy makers to understand the benefits of costly river ecosystem restoration measures. Moreover, disregarding such benefits may turn into inter‐stakeholder conflicts. This paper reviews empirically‐based literature assessing environmental flows restoration/conservation. Thus, it offers the state‐of‐the‐art on three aspects: 1) what motivations drive the socioeconomic evaluation of instream flows (policies and alternative instream flow regimes); 2) what values and benefits are associated with instream flows (e.g. the sheer existence of a well‐preserved river, productive assets and cultural attributes); and 3) what methods are employed to undertake such assessments (e.g. scenario development, monetary and non‐monetary valuations, and stakeholders engagement). Building on this, we propose a methodological framework for case‐specific assessments of the restoration of environmental flows. This proposal combines increased stakeholder participation, better understanding of ecosystem functioning, awareness of the plurality of values and an accurate choice of valuation methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

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主要介绍了公司价值评估的一种方法——EVA贴现估价法(The Discounted Economic value Added Valuation Method)．与股利贴现模型和自由现金流模型相比EVA贴现估价法的优越性在于获取数据较容易，重视账面值的分析，目前越来越受到关注．     

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新余发电有限责任公司已建成投产了粉煤灰分选系统，对其进行技术评价及经济效益分析，与正压输送系统比较，并提出一些改进建议。     

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1. Introduction A mature oil and gas field is an active target in merger and acquisition market, and the appraisal of well declining production is the key to valuation of mature field assets (Zhu, et al., 1999). A study of the production decline will prov…     

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从完善拆迁政策法规、严格拆迁程序、加强行业管理、严格市场准入、成立房地产价格评估专家委员会等方面阐述了如何规范拆迁管理工作,以创建和谐社会,确保社会稳定。     

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