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111.
在无机盐产品生产过程中,中间产品和副产品通常需要进行干燥,文章对含水固形物干燥脱水蒸汽再利用工艺及设备进行了论述。并就干燥脱水蒸汽再利用专利工艺及设备对节省能源消耗进行了分析。 相似文献
112.
113.
Fulvio Frisone 《能源与动力工程:英文版》2014,(1):27-36
During the past 15 years, disputable experimental evidence has built up for LERN (low energy nuclear reaction) phenomena in specialized heavy hydrogen systems. Actually, it can not be said that a new branch of science is beginning. In spite of experimental contributions, the real problem is that the theoretical statements of LERN are unknown. In this work, the authors analyze the deuteron-deuteron reactions within palladium lattice by means of the coherence theory of nuclear and condensed matter and, using this general theoretical framework accepted from "cold fusion scientists", it will be shown the low occurrence probability of fusion phenomena. In fact, in the coherence approach, the D-D potential exhibits double barrier features and, in this way, the D-D fusion is hampered. 相似文献
114.
Comparative characterization of particle emissions from asbestos and non-asbestos cement roof slates
Prasauskas Tadas Martuzevicius Dainius Krugly Edvinas Kliucininkas Linas Kireitseu Maksim Zerrath Axel 《Building and Environment》2011
The first aim of this study was to characterise total and size-fractionated particulate matter (PM) aerosol, including fibres, released from the processing operations of cement roofing slates. The second aim was to compare particle emissions from asbestos-cement and non-asbestos cement sheets, with respect to total and size-fractionated particulate matter as well as fibres emissions. Asbestos and cellulose-based cement sheets were compared during slate treatment processes, namely crushing, rubbing, rasping and scrubbing. Generated PM and fibres were classified by a variety of methods (PM2.5 and PM10 cyclones, aerodynamic particle spectrometer and optical particle counter). A substantial variation in the mass of generated particles has been noticed, both within each PM fraction and between different treatment processes. The PM10/PMtotal concentration ratio ranged from 70 to 98% and PM2.5/PMtotal ratio equalled to ∼20%. The new generation non-asbestos sheets produced three times higher PM emissions than asbestos-cement sheets during crushing operation. Particle size distribution of number concentrations was mostly bimodal (two modes at 0.5 and 2.5 μm). With respect to fibres, the release of cellulose fibres from non-asbestos slates was from 1.8 to 13 times lower in comparison with asbestos fibres. At the same time, cellulose fibre length was 1.4–1.6 times lower. Hence, new generation non-asbestos roofing slates were proved to be less hazardous from the point of view of fibre release, but more hazardous with respect to total particle release. 相似文献
115.
湛江电力有限公司4号汽轮机通流改造后首次大修时发现高中压转子弯曲,最大弯曲度为0.10 mm,弯曲点位于高中压缸中间汽封靠中压缸侧,轴向距离转子中低压联轴器3 660 mm。在对汽轮机缸体、转子轴径、动静叶片、围带、转子轴承和汽封等进行全面检查的基础上,对通流改造后首次启动至首次揭缸大修停运期间的16次启、停数据进行了详细的对比分析,分析认为:转子弯曲是在运行中造成的,而快冷投运、轴封温度突变并未对转子弯曲造成影响,应该是异物碰磨导致的。返厂更换螺栓、修复隔板静叶片和清理异物后,机组重新启动,转子轴承振幅达标,机组各项运行参数稳定。同时,提出优化轴封供气,严格执行机组启、停过程操作等措施确保机组正常运行。 相似文献
116.
为科学准确地评估作战指挥效能,在可拓物理元相关知识的基础上结合层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)构建物元-AHP模型。在对影响待评对象各指标因素进行分析建立递阶指标评价体系的基础上,运用AHP确定各级指标权重系数;对待评对象进行物元分析,计算出节域及经典域的标准值区间;进行关联度计算,得出综合评判等级。结果表明:运用该模型对炮兵作战指挥效能进行评估,能直观展现各级指标对评估结果的贡献率,为提高部队作战指挥质效提供借鉴。 相似文献
117.
This study explores how two different cellulosic ethanol production system configurations (distributed versus centralized processing) affect some aspects of the economic and environmental performance of cellulosic ethanol, measured as minimum ethanol selling price (MESP) and various environmental impact categories. The eco-efficiency indicator, which simultaneously accounts for economic and environmental features, is also calculated. The centralized configuration offers better economic performance for small-scale biorefineries, while the distributed configuration is economically superior for large-scale biorefineries. The MESP of the centralized configuration declines with increased biorefinery size up to a point and then rises due to the cost of trucking biomass to the biorefinery. In contrast, the MESP in the distributed configuration continuously declines with increasing biorefinery size due to the lower costs of railroad transportation and the greater economies of scale achieved at much larger biorefinery sizes, including biorefineries that reach the size of an average oil refinery—about 30,000 tons per day of feedstock. The centralized system yields lower environmental impacts for most impact categories than does the distributed system regardless of the biorefinery size. Eco-efficiency analysis shows that the centralized configuration is more sustainable for small-scale biorefineries, while the distributed configuration with railroad transport is more sustainable for large-scale biorefineries. Compared with gasoline from petroleum, cellulosic ethanol fuel offers sustainability advantages for the following environmental impact categories: fossil energy consumption, global warming, human health impacts by particulate matter, ozone layer depletion, ecotoxicity, human health cancer, and human health non-cancer, depending somewhat on the biorefinery sizes and the system configurations. 相似文献
118.
颗粒物已经成为造成环境污染和影响人体健康的主要污染物之一,而机动车颗粒物排放占污染物的60%以上。目前中国对机动车颗粒物排放的研究较少,没有系统提出相应的控制策略。文章首先分析了机动车颗粒物的生成机理及影响因素;根据《中国机动车污染防治年报》统计数据,使用MATLAB建立了汽车、低速汽车及机动车数量与颗粒物排放量之间的数学模型,预测未来5 a内的机动车颗粒物的排放总量。结果表明机动车颗粒物排放逐年增加,2015年将达到1.032 2×10 6 t;而低速汽车数的PM排放量会逐年缓慢降低,这主要受国家政策影响。最后,根据分析预测结果,提出了机动车颗粒物排放控制策略。 相似文献
119.
This work reports on the changes in compositions of humic acids (HAs) and fulvic acids (FAs) during photocatalytic degradation. The HAs and FAs were obtained from the XAD-resin fractionation of natural-organic matter (NOM) from a bog lake (Lake Hohloh, Black Forest, Germany). Degussa P-25 titanium dioxide (TiO2) in a suspension and a solar UV simulator (batch reactor) were used in the experiments. The photocatalytic degradation of the HAs and FAs were monitored using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) equipped with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ultraviolet (UV254) detection (SEC-DOC and SEC-UV254) and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. The evolutions of the photocatalytic degradations of the HA and FA fractions were selective. The photocatalytic degradation started with the degradations of high molecular weight compounds with relatively high UV254 absorbances in the HA and FA fractions to yield low molecular weight compounds showing less specific UV254 absorbances. Observance of the same tendency for the original NOM from Lake Hohloh indicates that these XAD-fractions still having complex compound mixtures. However, the larger molecular weight fractions of the FAs showed higher preferential adsorptions onto TiO2, which caused their faster degradation rates. Furthermore, FAs showed a greater reduction of the total THM formation potential (TTHMFP) and the organic halogen compounds adsorbable on activated carbon formation potential (AOXFP), in comparison with the HAs. 相似文献
120.
Identifying the sources and fate of anthropogenically impacted dissolved organic matter (DOM) in urbanized rivers 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Fangang Meng Guocheng Huang Xin Yang Zengquan Li Jian Li Jing Cao Zhigang Wang Li Sun 《Water research》2013
Anthropogenic activities have dramatically changed the loads and compositions of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in urbanized streams. In this study, the spatial and temporal variations of DOM in the anthropogenically impacted Zhujiang River were investigated by analyzing the water samples in an upstream, urbanized area and downstream of the rivers on different days of one year. The results indicated that the levels of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total phosphorus (TP) were unaffected by seasonal changes, but the specific UV254 absorbance (SUVA) values and the total nitrogen (TN) content were greater in the winter than those in the summer. Parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis of the excitation emission matrices (EEM) revealed the presence of three anthropogenically derived components [tryptophan-like (C1) and tyrosine-like proteins (C3) and anthropogenic humic substances (C5)] in the urbanized rivers, and they had greater seasonal and spatial variability than the terrestrial and microbial humic substances (C2 and C4). Cluster analysis revealed that treated wastewater was an important source of DOM in the urbanized streams. Photodegradation experiments indicated that the DOM in the populous area of the rivers had greater photodegradation potentials than that in the downstream region or in the natural waters. Interestingly, that the anthropogenic humic substances (C5) were considerably more photoreactive than the other four PARAFAC components, which exhibited a decrease of 80% after exposure to sunlight for 0.5 d. This study suggests that the treated wastewater could be an important input to the DOM in the urbanized rivers and the naturally occurring photodegradation could help in eliminating the anthropogenic DOM during their transport. 相似文献