The effect of proposed district centres on Melbourne's central business district

Abstract

Concerns have been expressed that the designation of the 14 district centres in the MMBW's proposed Amendment 150 will have an adverse effect on the Central Business District. This paper analyses these claims and contends that there is little threat from the district centres themselves. Because the planning concepts espoused in Amendment 150 and the Melbourne LDS are not sufficiently related to the economic development processes occurring in the city, they will have limited success in other than physical enhancement terms. The opportunity to develop an alternative economic role for the CBD has been overlooked.     

棉织物低温漂白新工艺

本文采用自制的双氧水活化剂,在低温下对棉织物进行双氧水漂白,用中心旋转法并借助微机对漂白工艺进行优化。结果表明,此工艺是可行的,当漂白在70℃进行时,漂白效果优于常规气蒸漂白,而与常规浸漂相似。中心旋转法和回归分析是寻找染整工艺优化区域最为有效的方法之一。     

A modernized and versatile startup reactivity measuring system installed at NPP Paks and its application for subcritical systems

In 2004 the Hungarian Paks NPP completed a project for upgrading the reactivity measuring system applied during reactor startup experiments. Almost all components of the previous system were replaced, only ex-core ionisation chambers remained unaltered. New hardware and software components were introduced for neutron flux signal handling, for data acquisition, as well as for measurement evaluation and data presentation. High-precision picoamper meters were installed at each reactor unit, current signals are handled by a portable signal processing unit. The system applies an accurate on-line reactivity calculation algorithm based on the point-kinetic model with six delayed neutron groups. Detailed off-line evaluation and analysis of startup measurements can be performed on the portable unit, as well.The paper describes the architecture, data acquisition modules, services and man–machine interface of the new system. Functions and results are illustrated with measured data recorded during a startup of Unit 3. In 2003 and 2004 the RMR was installed and tested at all Paks NPP units successfully and now it is in regular use during unit startups.The second part of the paper illustrates an extension of the new system to perform reactivity measurements using the well-known Rossi-α and Feynman-α statistical methods. The modified system was needed to estimate the reactivity of a subcritical system formed by damaged fuel assemblies stored at the fuel service pit of Paks Unit 2. Theoretical background of the applied algorithms is outlined, then results of validation tests and on site measurements are treated. The measurements have shown that the subcriticality of the damaged fuel was sufficiently deep if the high boron concentration in the fuel service pit was maintained.     

深圳某中央空调教学设备系统设计及节能措施

中央空调教学设备系统是作为空调专业的辅助教学工具，其设计不同与一般中央空调的设计，本文就中央空调教学设备系统的设计过程及设计中的节能措施和几个具体问题处理做了具体说明。     

Effective bandwidth estimation and testing for Markov sources

This work addresses the resource sharing problem in broadband communication networks that can guarantee some quality of service (QoS), and develops some results about data source and traffic modelling, especially in aspects of model testing and parameter estimation. The multiplexing of variable bit rate (VBR) sources poses a mathematical and statistical problem: the estimation of the resource requirements of a source or set of sources. The estimation method shall be simple enough to be practically implemented in the connection acceptance control (CAC) function.

In this paper, the VBR video sources are taken as a typical case of variable rate, with real-time constraints. This association of requirements makes the case especially interesting. A Markov model is assumed for the VBR sources. The validity of such models is under research; they seem to be appropriate at least in certain time scales. The model is tested against real video traces. In order to estimate the resource allocation or “channel occupation” of each source, the concept of equivalent bandwidth proposed by Kelly [Notes on effective bandwidth, in: F.P. Kelly, S. Zachary, I.B. Ziedins (Eds.), Stochastic Networks: Theory and Applications, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1996, pp. 141] is used; it is based on a consistent mathematical theory, and has proven to be robust and useful for technical applications.

A calculation of the equivalent bandwidth of a Markov source, given its parameters, can be found in the literature [IEEE ACM Trans. Networking 1 (4) (1993) 424]. But in fact, one can only estimate model and parameters. In this work, an estimation of the equivalent bandwidth is given, which can be obtained from real data. The convergence and the consistency of the estimation are studied, and practical bounds are found. Illustrative calculations are performed from real video traces that were obtained using a software MPEG coder, developed by the authors. The mathematical and statistical results are valid for whatever phenomenon that can be modelled as a Markov process.     

Application of response surface method for predicting electroless nickel plating

Electroless nickel plating process has been studied considering pure copper (99.99%) as a substrate material. Deposition per unit area has been considered as a response variable and individual as well as combined effects of process parameters on deposited mass have been studied. Regression analysis and Student’s t test have been used to identify the significant influencing process parameters. It has been observed that reducing agent (NaBH₄), source of metal (NiCl₂ · 6H₂O) and temperature significantly affect the deposition. The interactions among various process parameters have also been observed to be significant. Mathematical modeling has been carried out by a second-order response surface model with central composite design (CCD) to take into account the effect of curvature in the predicted response. Equations for response surfaces have been determined for various deposition times using MATLAB software package. Most of the response surfaces show that deposition thickness increases with increased values of process parameters within the adopted range but with different rates. The test for reliability for predicting response surface equations shows that these equations give an excellent fitting to the observed values.     

哈尔滨中央大街九至十一道街建筑改造--关于城市建筑再利用和激活城市空间的科学性探讨

哈尔滨中央大街九至十一道街建筑改造的设计动作过程，反映出城市更新中对新建传统式建筑不同的学术态度和激活城市空间不同的发展决策，这类问题是摆在我国城市面前全新的课题。引入国外城市动作的经验，讨论研究和进行交流变得非常必要，我们将希望寄托于对都市文化建设有话语权的人们，我们相信科学的发展观。     

Finding and defining the generators of genus-n objects for constructing topological and cut graphs

The topology of an object is commonly represented through a topological graph or a cut graph (polygonal scheme). Over the past few years, many studies have focused on extracting the topological and cut graphs of complex freeform objects that are represented by meshes. For an object with genus-n, the topological graph has n cycles, while the cut graph contains 2n cycles. These loops, however, do not always explicitly represent the holes in the objects. That is, a cycle in the graph can be a cycle around a solid (meridian), a cycle around a hole (longitude), or almost any combination of the two. The task of classifying the cycles (generators) as cycles around holes (longitude) and cycles around solids (meridians) on the mesh is not straightforward. Every closed orientable 2-manifold with genus-n can be seen as a collection of n toruses stitched together, so that each hole in the object can be referred to as a torus with two generators. This paper proposes a method that extracts the generators from which the longitudes and the meridians are found. The topological graph is defined by the longitudes and by a spanning tree constructed between them. The cut graph is constructed using the same concept. The advantage of the proposed method over other methods is that each loop in the topological graph explicitly represents a hole in the object.     

A new artificial life body: biologically inspired dynamic bipedal humanoid robots

Recently, a biologically inspired, bipedal, dynamic, humanoid robot was developed at the Artificial Life and Robotics Laboratory of Oita University. This bipedal humanoid robot is able to walk dynamically and to go up and down stairs. The central pattern generator developed produces various types of walking pattern. This robot has a pair of small CMOS color CCD cameras, a speaker, and a microphone in the head part, and will have a GPS, a portable telephone, and other sensors in the body part, so that the integration of locomotion and behavior to achieve specific demonstrations will be realized. This project develops dynamic mobility and the ability for autonomous recognition and navigation using the biological central nervous system, the brain system, and the real-time control system. Also, the design principles that demonstrate the dynamic interaction between neural and mechanical controls will be clarified. In Phase I, the platform of a small, bipedal, humanoid robot is used to develop autonomous locomotion and autonomous sensing and navigation. In Phase II of the project, an iteration on the platform design for human-size, bipedal, humanoid robots will be performed for operational testing. The development of bipedal humanoid robots that capture biological systems with unique principles and practices could dramatically increase their performance in tasks for national security needs.This work was presented in part at the 8th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 24–26, 2003