Will musculoskeletal and visual stress change when Visual Display Unit (VDU) operators move from small offices to an ergonomically optimized office landscape?

This study investigated the effect of moving from small offices to a landscape environment for 19 Visual Display Unit (VDU) operators at Alcatel Denmark AS. The operators reported significantly improved lighting condition and glare situation. Further, visual discomfort was also significantly reduced on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). There was no significant correlation between lighting condition and visual discomfort neither in the small offices nor in the office landscape. However, visual discomfort correlated significantly with glare in small offices i.e. more glare is related to more visual discomfort. This correlation disappeared after the lighting system in the office landscape had been improved. There was also a significant correlation between glare and itching of the eyes as well as blurred vision in the small offices, i.e. more glare more visual symptoms. Experience of pain was found to reduce the subjective assessment of work capacity during VDU tasks. There was a significant correlation between visual discomfort and reduced work capacity in small offices and in the office landscape. When moving from the small offices to the office landscape, there was a significant reduction in headache as well as back pain. No significant changes in pain intensity in the neck, shoulder, forearm, and wrist/hand were observed.The pain levels in different body areas were significantly correlated with subjective assessment of reduced work capacity in small offices and in the office landscape.By careful design and construction of an office landscape with regard to lighting and visual conditions, transfer from small offices may be acceptable from a visual-ergonomic point of view.     

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应用现代时间序列分析方法,基于ARMA新息模型和白噪声估值器,由非递推状 态估值器的递推变形,提出了广义系统的ARMA稳态最优递推状态估值器.它们具有 Wiener滤波器形式,可处理带奇异状态转移阵和/或带相关噪声的广义系统,可统一处理滤 波、平滑和预报问题,且可统一处理广义和非广义系统状态估计问题.仿真例子说明了其有效 性.     

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当今设计现实的伦理审视

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“计白当黑”对现代视觉设计的启示

随着现代艺术设计的迅猛发展,现代视觉设计的文化交流更加频繁和深入,"计白当黑"这种表现艺术的空灵精神在现代视觉设计中体现出了重要的设计启示和研究价值。本文以此为切入点,抛砖引玉,旨在探讨中国传统文化的精髓之一"计白当黑"在现代视觉设计中的发展潜力及新气象。     

中国古典建筑设计对于现代城市建筑设计伦理的启示

建筑设计是人类为了满足自身的居住需要而进行的一项创造性活动,通过对现代建筑设计进行的深刻反思,以及分析中国古典建筑的伦理意识以及审美形态等,从宽泛意义上的伦理学角度思考,引出研究中国古典建筑伦理特点的必要性,试图从设计伦理层面来启示现代建筑设计与中国古典文化精神互通的可能性。     

古琉璃与现代玻璃艺术的继承与创新——从中国玻璃艺术史的角度谈

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浅谈自然景观的和谐设计——新疆旅游景观设计粗犷型风格初探

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