《煤化工产品分析技术》课程教学改革尝试与思考

《煤化工产品分析技术》是高职高专类应用化工技术（煤化工方向）专业开设的一门重要的专业必修课。针对原有煤化工产品分析技术教学情况中存在的问题,从基于工作过程的角度对该课程实施教学改革,有效地提高了该门课程的教学效果。     

煤系针状焦生产废水处理的研究

采用SH-A强化脱氮除碳工艺对煤系针状焦生产废水进行了实验研究,详细讨论了各个处理环节的运行情况和处理效果。通过该工艺处理后的废水各项指标均达到国家污水综合排放一级标准(GB8978—1996),NH3-N去除率达96.3%～100%,COD去除率达92.4%～94.2%。     

Synthesis of boron/nitrogen substituted carbons for aqueous asymmetric capacitors

Boron/nitrogen substituted carbons were synthesized by co-pyrolysis of polyborazylene/coal tar pitch blends to yield a carbon with a boron and nitrogen content of 14 at% and 10 at%, respectively. The presence of heteroatoms in these carbons shifted the hydrogen evolution overpotential to −1.4 V vs Ag/AgCl in aqueous electrolytes, providing a large electrochemical potential window (∼2.4 V) as well as a specific capacitance of 0.6 F/m². An asymmetric capacitor was fabricated using the as-prepared low surface area carbon as the negative electrode along with a redox active manganese dioxide as the positive electrode. The energy density of the capacitor exceeded 10 Wh/kg at a power density of 1 kW/kg and had a cycle life greater than 1000 cycles.     

Electro-oxidation of coal on NiO and/or Co3O4 modified TiO2/Pt electrodes

A TiO₂/Pt based electrode exhibited better activity for the oxidation of coal in a basic system compared to Ti/Pt, TiO₂–Cu/Pt and pure metal electrodes. The surface morphologies and composition of the electrodes were studied by SEM and XRD, respectively. Linear sweep voltammetry was employed to investigate the catalytic effects of electrodes, and the product of coal oxidization was determined by a gas collection test. The TiO₂/Pt electrodes that were modified with NiO and/or Co₃O₄ exhibited higher average currents and a lower decrease in mass during electrolysis compared to the other electrodes; this finding indicated that NiO and Co₃O₄ play important roles as catalysts.     

Modelling of mass loss of char particles during combustion in flow of inert material

The inspiration for this research was an attempt at the numerical simulation of the process of mass loss of char particles during its combustion in the upper zone of a CFB boiler furnace. In the first part of the research an experiment was carried out, during which singular char particles were burned in a flow of heated sand. During the course of this test manually polished spherical particles chosen from arbitrary real coal particles were used whose diameter amounted to 10 mm. The mass loss of burning particles was recorded with a tensometric branch scale. The measuring equipment applied enabled the observation of the mass loss both as a result of combustion and erosion resulting from the contact of inert material accelerated particles with the upper surface of the motionless particle being tested. The results of the experiment were compared with the results of numerical simulation, where for the first time the mass loss of a coal particle was presented as the superposition of two separate processes i.e. combustion and surface erosion. The values obtained indicated a good level of conformity which may illustrate the possibility of applying this model in real conditions.     

Characterization of gases and solid residues from closed system pyrolysis of peat and coals at two heating rates

Closed system gold-tube pyrolysis experiments were performed on a peat and two coals (TY: R_o = 0.51%; SX: R_o = 0.94%) at temperatures ranging from 337 to 600 °C and a pressure of 50 MPa with heating rates of 2 and/or 20 °C/h. Solid reaction residues were analyzed microscopically. Yields and chemical and isotopic compositions of the generated gases were also determined. All three samples had similar thermal evolution pathways. With increasing heating temperature, vitrinite reflectances (VR_r) of the residues increased linearly from 0.72% to 4.50%. This increase was lesser for the sample with a higher hydrocarbon generation potential and at faster heating rates. Gas compositions are dominated by CO₂ and CH₄ throughout the experimental process. Total gas and CH₄ yields gradually increase with pyrolysis temperature for all samples. The carbon isotopic compositions of CH₄ generated from the peat are lighter than those from the coals. The δ¹³C_CH4 values exhibit a generic evolution pattern which the initial CH₄ is isotopically heavy, then becomes lighter at moderate temperatures, and finally becomes heavier again. Methane produced from the samples at low heating rate has higher transformation ratio than that at high heating rate under the same temperature, so tends to be isotopically heavy after pyrolysis temperature of more than 408 °C.     

300MW单元制机组粉仓集中布置燃烧制粉系统的设计研讨

文中指出了目前国内现有３００ＭＷ单元制机组燃烧制粉系统的不足，提出了取消输粉机及输粉层的粉仓集中布置的燃烧制粉系统方案，比较、分析了制粉系统常规布置和集中布置的优缺点，认为后者投资省，检修安装方便，运行灵活可靠，特别适宜于煤质差，负荷波动大的锅炉．     

试论地方煤矿瓦斯地质工作及要点

通过娄底地区马鞍山煤矿瓦斯地质研究及防突工作的实践，以期推动全区地方煤矿的瓦斯地质工作，加速煤矿企业的发展。     

煤柱(Coal Log)在水力输送管道内的流动性状

煤柱水力输送管道（CoalLogPipeline）是目前正在美国进行研究和开发的一种最新型的管道输煤技术．本文就这种管道输煤技术的水力学原理，即压制成圆柱形的煤柱在管道中的流动性状进行分析讨论．这些流动性状包括管道煤柱流的区域划分，煤柱的起动速度和悬浮机理，以及沿管道的压力损失．通过分析导出的有关的水力学计算公式简单易行，可为煤柱水力输送管道的设计提供基本的设计参数．     

出口煤焦油喹啉不溶物的测定

采用P7(G4 )坩埚式过滤器孔径为 7μm) ,用过滤法 ,以出口煤焦油为测试对象 ,对煤焦中喹啉不溶物的测定方法进行了研究。结果表明 ,煤焦油的最佳溶解温度在 (75± 5 )℃ ,喹啉试剂最佳用量为5 0mL。数理统计结果表明 ,本方法重复性不大于 0 2 % ,再现性不大于 0 3%。该方法在大连煤气公司等单位得到了应用。