基于矢量影响力聚类系数的高效有向网络社团划分算法

社团结构划分对于分析复杂网络的统计特性非常重要,以往研究往往侧重对无向网络的社团结构挖掘,对新兴的微信朋友圈网络、微博关注网络等涉及较少,并且缺乏高效的划分工具。为解决传统社团划分算法在大规模有向社交网络上无精确划分模拟模型,算法运行效率低,精度偏差大的问题。该文从构成社团结构最基础的三角形极大团展开数学推导,对网络节点的局部信息传递过程进行建模,并引入概率图有向矢量计算理论,对有向社交网络中具有较大信息传递增益的节点从数学基础创造性地构建了有向传递增益系数(Information Transfer Gain, ITG)。该文以此构建了新的有向社团结构划分效果的目标函数,提出了新型有向网络社团划分算法ITG,通过在模拟网络数据集和真实网络数据集上进行实验,验证了所提算法的精确性和新颖性,并优于FastGN, OSLOM和Infomap等经典算法。     

一种面向度中心性及重叠网络社区的发现算法

针对社会网络中存在较多以度中心节点为中心并且具有多社区重叠节点的网络社区结构,提出了一种面向度中心性及重叠网络社区的两阶段发现算法。第一阶段发现初始社区:选取度最大的Top-k个节点作为候选中心节点,并将每个节点与其邻居节点形成候选初始社区,其中如果某候选社区与已形成的初始社区的重叠度低于阈值,则形成一个新的初始社区;第二阶段调整社区划分:通过偏离度机制进行调整,将偏离度最大值对应的节点划分到连接紧密的相应社区内,形成最终社区划分。实验表明,该方法不仅能够揭示网络中以某个节点为中心的密集的社区结构,还能有效处理初始社区不同程度的重叠问题。相比现有算法,所提方法对预先输入的候选初始社区数k值不敏感,并具有较高的准确性和灵活性。     

基于时空相关性的多签到数据匹配算法

智能产品往往具有标识其唯一性的标签,如公交卡编号、Wi-Fi设备MAC地址等,设备标签以及其使用的时间、地点信息构成了代表人们离散轨迹的签到数据。研究人员针对单种签到数据开展了多方面的研究,但单种签到数据通常比较稀疏,其适应性和性能等受到限制。为此,研究了新的多签到数据问题,提出了一种基于多签到数据的标签匹配算法MIMA,丰富了签到数据,提高了应用性能。该算法首先基于单人多签到数据具有的时空相关性,通过计算多个标签之间的正负关系构建面向多标签的符号网络;在此基础上,摒弃了不适用于签到数据符号网络的分割条件,并通过增加权值分布密度来改进已有FEC(Finding and Extracting Communities from singed social networks)社区发现算法的分割机制,以适应签到数据符号网络的特性,实现多标签的划分。模拟仿真和真实数据的实验均显示MIMA算法具有较好的时间复杂效率和精度。     

基于交互相似度的细粒度社群发掘方法

发现在线社交网络中的社群结构有助于深入研究和分析信息传播规律,同时在社会推荐、群体特征发现等应用领域具有重要的意义。但是现有的社群结构发掘方法多忽略了用户之间的社会属性,导致获取的社群结构难以反映细粒度的结构特征。文中将用户的社会属性引入到社群结构发掘算法中。为了衡量用户的社会交互属性,提出了用户交互相似度模型。基于用户交互相似度模型,提出了一种面向在线社交网络的细粒度社群发掘方法。该算法可以有效衡量用户之间的社会属性,通过层次聚类的手段获得不同粒度的社群,并过滤无关数据。为了验证算法的有效性,以社交网站人人网的用户交互记录为数据集,比较了与其他社区挖掘算法的性能差异。实验结果表明,该方法发掘出的细粒度社群具有较高的准确性,在发现社群之间的不同话题上有着较好的应用。     

社区养老手持终端的硬件设计与实现

为了满足社区养老智能化需求的目的,探讨一种新型养老解决方案。以移动手持终端作为基础,配合无线基站与上位机PC平台,不用上门就可动态实时了解老人的状态与需求,并及时将每一位老人的信息上传给社区管理中心,使工作人员可以及时做出反应,并结算费用。     

Media as Educator,Media as Disruptor: Conceptualizing the Role of Social Context in Media Effects

We document how social contexts serve to refract media effects. We theorized the relationship between media use and individual‐level knowledge (and attitude) would be stronger when community‐level knowledge (and attitude) was low than when it was high. Data come from a national survey (N = 12,608 women and 1,237 men) conducted in Nepal. Knowledge and stigma toward people living with HIV were the 2 dependent variables. Hypotheses were tested 12 times: across the use of 3 media (newspaper, radio, television) × 2 study outcomes (knowledge and attitudes) × 2 genders. Predicted interactions were supported in 9 of the 12 tests. Findings point to the need to take into account the role of community factors in theorizing about media effects.     

Advancements in the design and validation of an air pollution integrated assessment model for Spain

This paper describes the design and application of the Atmospheric Evaluation and Research Integrated model for Spain (AERIS). Currently, AERIS can provide concentration profiles of NO₂, O₃, SO₂, NH₃, PM, as a response to emission variations of relevant sectors in Spain. Results are calculated using transfer matrices based on an air quality modelling system (AQMS) composed by the WRF (meteorology), SMOKE (emissions) and CMAQ (atmospheric-chemical processes) models. The AERIS outputs were statistically tested against the conventional AQMS and observations, revealing a good agreement in both cases. At the moment, integrated assessment in AERIS focuses only on the link between emissions and concentrations. The quantification of deposition, impacts (health, ecosystems) and costs will be introduced in the future. In conclusion, the main asset of AERIS is its accuracy in predicting air quality outcomes for different scenarios through a simple yet robust modelling framework, avoiding complex programming and long computing times.     

互联网时代下城市空间品质提升与特色保护

In this interview, three scholars discussed the problems in China’s urban renewal practice in the Internet Era and the context of inventory development. They first reviewed the factors that impact the characteristics and identity of urban space, and pointed out that urban renewals should not neglect the social, cultural, artistic, historical, and ecological qualities of space. They then underscored the aesthetic education will be future research and practice interest in the field of urban renewal. They noted that, under the impact of “attention economy” and ”online influence,” urban spatial construction across Chinese cities would be homogenized, compromising the diversity of spatial characteristics. Nonetheless, urban planners and designers can leverage the online platforms as communication channels and resources for the protection of spatial characteristics and identities, and to foster new urban development paradigms. In addition, the scholars believed that the public should have a greater discourse power in urban renewals, which requires the the promotion of Community Co-building Initiative, and designers’ efforts in promoting related research and education programs. In the end, they discussed the challenges faced by the protection of historical sites, including the outdated urban governance methods, flawed urban development institution, and the lack of funds due to the slowdown of economic growth. They also encouraged designers to respond to these challenges with long-term, proactive, and innovative perspectives, truly meeting citizens’ daily needs, improving urban governance methods, optimizing urban renewal mechanisms, and impelling the growth of local economy.     

基于种子节点选择的重叠社区发现算法*

识别网络社区对于了解社会网络的结构和功能具有重要意义。由于网络中某些节点可能属于多个社区,因此重叠社区的研究已经吸引了人们越来越多的关注。本文针对目前从局部社区扩展成全局社区时有关算法的种子节点选择不合理的情形,提出了一种基于种子节点选择的重叠社区发现算法。本算法首先根据影响力函数找出局部影响力最大的节点,由这些节点构成的种子集合较好的分布在整个网络中,然后以这些种子点构造初始社区,根据设定的吸引度函数选择性添加节点来进行社区扩展。实验结果表明,该算法在真实网络上进行测试时能够有效的挖掘网络中的重叠社区。     

面向电网的供电社团结构及其检测方法

电网分区是运行和保护电网的重要课题。以关联强度代替传统的邻接矩阵,定义电气关联强度(ECS)用来反映电网中任意节点之间的电气特性,并基于发电机节点和负荷节点之间的供电关系提出供电关联强度(PSS)。在经典的模块度(Modularity)基础上,结合供电关联强度提出供电模块度(PS-Modularity)的概念,并基于此对Newman快速算法进行改进,以自动识别供电社团结构。