Dependence of oil stability index of fatty compounds on their structure and concentration and presence of metals

During storage and use, vegetable oil-derived industrial products such as biodiesel and biodegradable lubricants can be subjected to conditions that promote oxidation of their unsaturated components. The materials arising during oxidation and subsequent degradation can seriously impair the quality and performance of such products. Therefore, oxidative stability is a significant issue facing these vegetable oil-derived products, and enhanced understanding of the influence of various components of vegetable oils and storage parameters is necessary. In this work, the oil stability index (OSI) was used for assessing oxidation of monoalkyl esters of FA by varying several parameters. Neat fatty compounds and prepared mixtures thereof were studied for assessing the influence of compound structure and concentration. Small amounts of more highly unsaturated compounds had a disproportionately strong effect on oxidative stability. The recently developed concept of bis-allylic equivalents correlated more closely than the iodine value with the OSI times of mixtures of fatty esters. The OSI times of free acids were shorter than those of the corresponding alkyl esters. The presence of copper, iron, and nickel also reduced oxidative stability, but their effect was less than the presence of more highly unsaturated fatty compounds. Of these metals, copper had the strongest catalytic effect on OSI time. OSI may be an alternative to long-term storage tests for determining the influence of extraneous materials such as metals on oxidative stability.     

Corrosion inhibition of triethanolammonium bromide mono- and dibenzoate as cationic inhibitors in an acidic medium

A weight loss technique was used to determine the corrosion inhibition efficiency of synthesized alkyl mono-and dibenzoate triethanolammonium bromide derivatives (TEAMB, TEADB) in an acidic medium (2 N HCl) at different doses (50, 100, and 200 ppm). The results showed that monoderivatives had a higher corrosion inhibition efficiency than diderivatives. The results were correlated with several factors, including the alkyl chain length of the hydrophobic chains, interfacial tension (IT), critical micelle concentration (CMC), and adsorption free energy of these inhibitors. Increasing the geometric length of the alkyl chains in the synthesized inhibitors had an increasing effect on their corrosion inhibition efficiency, whereas decreasing the CMC and IT had an increasing effect on their tendency toward corrosion inhibition. The number of hydrophobic chains attached to the inhibitor molecules had a vital influence on their efficiency as corrosion inhibitors.     

无线传感器网络中移动目标跟踪的预测模型

动态目标的实时监测是无线传感器网络覆盖的必备技术和发展趋势,针对由于目标运动带来的网络动态拓扑变化和耗能高等问题,提出了一个预测模型。该模型通过综合分析目标在当前时刻前的信息如移动速度、移动方向的基础上,基于二维高斯分布,预测目标未来可能出现的区域,从而激活相应的传感器,减轻无线传感器网络的工作压力。并且设计相应的通讯协议,以保证基站与传感器节点之间数据稳定、实时的传输。基于仿真实验表明了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

Irganox HP-136的稳定机理及在PP稳定过程中的作用

Irganox HP-136（3-芳基-苯并呋喃酮）是一种高效的自由基捕捉剂,它能有效地捕获以碳为中心的自由基,许多实验表明它在聚合物稳定过程中起到了重要的作用.本文比较了Irganox HP-136与传统抗氧剂的抗氧机理,并分析了其在PP稳定过程中的作用.     

基于WINCE系统软件开发的内存研究

WINCE系统内存配置较小,嵌入式软件如果出现内存泄露问题,将会导致系统的可用内存不足,甚至出现系统崩溃。为此针对WINCE操作系统内存的管理和应用,通过引入一个在实时更新动态图的过程中出现内存泄露的案例,阐述了关于内存管理和内存应用的重要知识点,包括内存模型和内存分配方式,分析了在该案例中出现内存泄露的原因,提出了与案例中出现的内存泄露相似问题的解决方法,并针对一般情况下如何防止内存泄露作了简单介绍,最后详细阐述了案例中为了优化内存所做的工作,对编程者有很好的指导作用。     

星地时间同步任务规划综合评价技术研究

星地时间同步是导航定位系统的重要组成部分,准确评价星地时间同步任务规划的好坏,是卫星方案设计及优化提高卫星导航系统运行效率的基础。针对导航卫星星地时间同步任务规划评价问题,建立了基于任务、资源、性能的多层次评价指标体系,构造了通用的综合评价框架,最后通过仿真验证了方法的可行性,为导航系统的顶层设计与地面资源配置优化提供决策支持。     

Continual conversion of free fatty acid in rice bran oil to triacylglycerol by immobilized lipase

Rice bran oil containing 30–50% free fatty acid was continually converted to an oil containing more than 75% of triacylglycerol (TG) by means of immobilized lipase. The reaction was carried out at 60°C for 24 h with dehydration and reactant mixing by dry nitrogen flow under a positive nitrogen atmosphere. Enzymatic TG synthesis with evaporation by heating was not suitable because of the increasing peroxide value of the oil. Part of this article was presented at the annual meeting of the Japan Oil Chemists' Society at Sendai, Japan, October, 16, 1990.     

Free convection heat transfer over a horizontal plate at low prandtl number

Boundary layer equations for free convection heat transfer along a semi-infinite horizontal plate are derived by giving more importance to the energy equation. The equations are obtained for low Prandtl number and two separate polynomials are used to approximate the temperature and velocity profiles in these regions. The rate of heat transfer is compared with the available analytical and numerical results based on conventional boundary layer equations.     

煤焦小型氮肥厂采用离心压缩机联产4万吨/年低压甲醇设计

小氮肥厂采用离心压缩机对合成氨进行技术改造,联产4万吨/年低压法经济型甲醇,是煤化工C_1化学产品的发展方向。     

The Chemistry of Water Treatment Processes Involving Ozone,Hydrogen Peroxide and Ultraviolet Radiation

Advanced oxidation processes are defined as those which involve the generation of hydroxyl radicals in sufficient quantity to affect water purification. The theoretical and (practical yield of OH from O₃ at high pH, 0₃/H₂0₂, O₃/UV and H₂O₂/UV systems is reviewed. New data is presented which illustrates the importance of direct photolysis in the O₃/UV process, the effect of the H₂0₂:0₃ ratio in the O₃/H₂O₂ process, and the impact of the low extinction coefficient of H₂O₂ in the H₂0₂/UV process.