多层筒体层板包扎相错角度的确定

厚板卷制的厚壁容器 ,其焊缝缺陷会导致容器破坏 ,多层包扎筒体可避免焊缝缺陷引起的容器破坏。简要介绍了两等分、三等分层板包扎时逐层相错角度的确定方法 ,提出了实际生产中相错角度的选用档次。指出当内筒纵焊缝数与层板等分数不相等时 ,相错角度须按其他方法计算、确定。     

A novel flow field with controllable pressure gradient to enhance mass transport and water removal of PEM fuel cells

An easily machined novel flow field with controllable pressure gradient across adjacent channels was designed and a two dimensional, across-the-channel, two-phase model was developed to study the gas transport and water removal of the novel configuration. The effect of channel-rib width ratio, GDL thickness and pressure gradient on the profiles of oxygen concentration and water saturation within the GDL were investigated. Special attention was paid to the mechanisms of the promoted mass transport and water removal rates under a pressure gradient. The model was validated by experiments with various channel-rib ratios and GDL thicknesses at different operating pressure. The results revealed that, oxygen concentration was increased, and the water saturation was reduced under the rib with a pressure gradient generated across the adjacent channels. The optimal pressure gradient is between 0.1 to 0.2 atm for the studied channel geometry and configuration. The mechanisms of the improved cell performance were elucidated.     

弹性地基上自由边矩形板弯曲的一个解法

用能量法讨论了弹性地基上自由边矩形板的弯曲问题.选用了一个挠曲函数,它能满足全部自由边的边界条件和角点条件,通过变分,得出求解待定系数的代数方程组的通式.计算实例表明,取不多几项就可得到工程上有用的解答.     

等厚夹层板三角形单元刚度矩阵

本文根据 Hoff 型夹层板的弯曲理论,采用应变能分项插值法导出了夹层板三角形单元的刚度矩阵。它可直接用以计算一般夹层板的变形和应力。     

使用国产16MnR和Q345R钢板建造ASME规范产品的四条途径

由于材料标准GB 6654—1996和其中包含的钢板品种16MnR已分别被GB 713—2008和其中的Q345R代替,致使很多人认为ASME对我国16MnR钢板的接受和认可已失去了其实际意义。但仔细分析规范条文发现,情况并不像想象的那样悲观,仍有四条途径可以使得继续使用国产钢板16MnR,甚至Q345R制造ASME规范产品。     

Cracking induced tribological behavior changes for the HVOF WC-12Co cermet coatings

HVOF sprayed WC based cermet coatings have been widely used in industries as barriers against wear and hydrodynamic cavitation due to their high hardness and relatively high toughness. However, cracking of the coatings can occur during coating production or in service, which can reduce operational performances. It can be difficult to assess the performance impact due to cracks within the coating and as to whether the cracked coatings should be resprayed or removed from service. In this work, artificial cracks of different widths were introduced to liquid fuel HVOF sprayed WC-12Co coating through uniaxial tension of the coated steel substrate to assess the implications of such cracking. Tribological performances of the cracked coatings were examined using rubber wheel dry abrasion, ‘ball on disc’ sliding wear, and ultrasonic cavitation erosion. The results show that the crack deteriorates the abrasive wear resistance of the coating at the initial stage due to preferable mass loss at the cracks. However, after 30?min of abrasion, all the cracked coatings showed the same wear rate as compared to the non-cracked coating, with the abrasive wear resistance acting independent to the crack characteristics. Because the cracks could store wear debris and thus minimize the debris induced abrasion to the coating surface during sliding wear test, both improvement in wear resistance and reduction in coefficient of friction (COF) were detected in the cracked coatings. During the cavitation test, it was found that the mass loss of the specimen increased significantly (up to 75%)with crack width and density suggesting that the crack presence greatly deteriorated the cavitation resistance of the cermet coatings.     

混合二氯苯显微镜热台定向结晶过程实验研究

引　言近年来国内外不少研究工作者开展了降膜结晶分离提纯过程的研究[1～ 6 ].北京化工大学自 1 994年开始先后进行了单管降膜结晶实验并在此基础上提出了不同的计算模型[3～ 6 ].模型中均假设结晶前锋为光滑生长界面 .其中前两个模型过于简化 ,算得的晶层厚度偏低而晶层纯度偏高 .在数值模拟计算[6 ]中同时考虑温度和浓度在轴向和径向的变化 ,数值模拟结果有所改进 ,但所得晶层厚度仍然偏低 ,晶体纯度也偏高 ,为此模型中不得不引入由实验决定的杂质包藏系数ｎ .理论和实际之间的这一偏差很可能是将实际结晶过程的非光滑结晶前锋生长形态过…     

Corrosion behavior and electrical conductivity of niobium implanted 316L stainless steel used as bipolar plates in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

The corrosion behavior and interfacial contact resistance (ICR) of niobium implanted SS316L used as the bipolar plate in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) are investigated. The ICR values of the bare and niobium implanted SS316L are measured to evaluate the electrical conductivity. The effects of ion implantation on the corrosion behavior are investigated by potentiodynamic and potentiostatic tests in the simulated PEMFC anode and cathode environments. The solutions after the potentiostatic test are analyzed by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The surface topography of the samples before and after the potentiostatic test is monitored by SEM in order to investigate the mechanism and degree of corrosion. The XPS results indicate that the composition on the surface is altered by ion implantation. The electrochemical results reveal that the passivation current density of the Nb implanted SS316L decreases and has higher chemical stability in the simulated PEMFC environment. However, the ion implantation fluence affects the current density. The ICP results are in agreement with those of the electrochemical test disclosing that the bare SS316L has the highest dissolution rate in both the cathode and anode environments and niobium implantation reduces the dissolution rate significantly. SEM shows that the bare SS316L undergoes serious corrosion whereas after Nb ion implantation, corrosion is greatly retarded. The XPS depth profiles indicate that a passive film with a new composition consisting mainly of niobium oxide is formed after the potentiostatic test. Our results suggest that niobium implantation with proper ion fluences can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and the electric conductivity of SS316L in the simulated PEMFC environments.     

工业CR技术最新动态

概述工业计算机射线照相(CR)技术的最新进展,包括CR成像板荧光体结构的改进,信噪比和分辨率的提高,激光扫描器的多成像板同时输入、扫描和数字图像输出,使得对射线照相质量和灵敏度有较高要求、且对检测速度和周期也要兼顾的承压设备焊缝检测,有了稳定可靠的新基础。EN和ASME有关CR标准的推出,又为焊缝实施CR检测提供了法定技术依据。本文旨在为国内承压设备加速推广应用CR检测起推波助澜作用。     

应用遗传算法对振动平板夯设计参数进行优化选择

要使振动平板夯获得最佳振动压实效果，需合理选择其设计参数，这里在对振动平板夯运动分析的基础上，建立了平板夯的振幅值为目标的优化设计模型，以夯机的重量、振动频率、激振力、移动速度、结构限制等为约束条件。通过遗传算法进行优化求解，获得了满足性能要求的结构参数，为提高振动平板夯的性能设计提供了理论依据。