The Alien Species in 20th-century Britain: constructing a new vermin

Concern over alien species has changed over the last century. In Britain before ca. 1950 the main anxiety was with vermin, but whether 'harmful' species were introduced or already native was considered relatively unimportant. Scientists were content to welcome some alien species and occasionally to recommend their encourage ment. In the 1970s and 1980s, however, a backlash followed the greater appreciation of damage to native ecosystems caused by exotics across the world, and a deeper interest in genetics. This unfortunately also led to a concept of 'genetic integrity', and campaigns began against introductions that might interbreed with natives. A more defensible approach might be to revive the notion of some species as pests, but to hesitate before involving conservation in anything analogous to ethnic cleansing for other species.     

梯度特征向量排序法（GEM）新元素导入时的保序性原理

梯度特征向量排序法，导出的判断矩阵Ａ提供的排序信息基本上反映在上三角元素中，因此我们决定利用上三角判断矩阵来研究在单一准则下新元素增加时的保存性原理。     

Design of a time-efficient video-goniophotometer combining bidirectional functions assessment for transmission and reflection

A detailed knowledge of the light distribution characteristics through advanced window systems is required to improve the visual comfort of the building's occupants while controlling the propagation of daylight in rooms and the solar gains. An innovative bidirectional goniophotometer has recently been set up for this purpose, using digital image capture and the projection of the emerging light on a diffusing screen. It therefore provides a continuous investigation of the bidirectional transmission figures in a time-efficient way. This instrument was converted into a double-purpose device, allowing both transmission and reflection measurements, which induced several strong constraints due to the conflict of incident and emerging light flux in reflection mode: on one hand the incident beam had to be restricted to the sample area only; on the other hand, as the screen obstructed the incoming light flux in some positions, a special opening in the latter was required. The practical answer to these constraints, detailed in this paper, proved to be reliable, appropriate and efficient.     

论成人高等教育《化工原理》课程教学改革

《化工原理》是成人高等教育化工类专业的一门重要的基础技术课程。为适应现代化工发展对本课程教学提出的新要求,本文针对成高教学特点,对如何改革《化工原理》课程内容、教学方法、考核方式进行了探讨。     

高职《化工原理》课程项目化改革探索

探索性地从化工原理课程内容重新整合、配套实训基地建设、课程目标设计、项目选择设计、项目情境建立、教学评价等方面介绍了高职《化工原理》项目化课程改革的实施过程,对化工类专业的改革及《化工原理》课程教学改革具有一定的指导意义。     

抗震室内设计新理念

室内设计是建筑内部空间的再创造过程,汶川地震给人们太多启示,应尊重自然规律、运用科学的、生态的观念对待人类居住和工作环境,树立新的设计理念：结构安全和生态环保。     

易托邦的绿色重建乌托邦

易托邦基于对西方工业革命以来急剧城市化背景下的人类处境的深刻理解,摒弃狭隘追求建筑实体的永恒存在以及古典老旧的静态美学,将物流,信息流,人流的变化规律作为设计切入的重点.将"建筑"理解为一个被设计控制的物质聚散的时空过程,将定制制造和物流装配同开放的建造体系挂钩.将传统建筑学的形态视角拓展开去,寻求"中国建造"和"中国制造"升华为"中国创造"的可能途径.     

To Integrate of Not to Integrate?

Turkish architecture over the last 150 years has been plagued by its preoccupation with its integration with the West. Should it be embracing or reflecting Western cultural, technical and professional standards? Uğur Tanyeli provides the background to this pessimistic context and describes how a new generation of architects over the last 10 years have transcended this predicament by producing work that turns away from this obsession with identity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

徽州古村落水系与现代住区水环境中水的生态应用

在人类历史文化的长河中,水起着极其重要的作用,它不仅为人类生存繁衍提供基本条件,而且孕育了人类的古文明。该文从徽州古村落入手,重点分析了古村落水系因地制宜的布局和其中所蕴涵的朴素的技术与生态发展观,将其与当今住宅小区的雨水利用和水景观设计加以对照,其智慧和经验堪为当代借鉴。     

引入自然要素的城市空间设计

通过分析自然要素对城市空间形成,空间组织和空间构成几方面的影响,提出将自然要素引入城市空间的设计理念和自然生态观,运用自然要素在空间设计的生理舒适性、心理适应性和环境意象性等方面所起的作用,探讨了引入自然要素进行城市空间设计的方法,包括保护和利用场地自然要素,结合自然条件组织空间和引入自然材料的细部设计等方面。