Synthesis and performance measurement of a modified polymer dust suppressant

In order to address the problem of dust pollution formed during coal production processes, we chemically modified sodium alginate (SA), an environmentally friendly macromolecule polymer, to achieve a grafted product. IR and NMR were employed to investigate the structure of the grafted products. A contact angle experiment was used to select surfactants with good wettability, which were subsequently combined with the water-retaining agent CMS and SAE–XG–3, to fabricate an environmentally friendly dust suppressant. A high–resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the morphology of the cured film that formed on the surface of coal dust. A spraying test was performed to measure the dust suppressant’s performance. The experimental results demonstrated that the environmentally friendly dust suppressant possessed good water retention, viscosity, and wettability, and could achieve suitable dust bonding and settlement performance. In addition, the newly developed dust suppressant is environmentally friendly and has economic benefits.     

水压爆破拆除除尘器基座

利用水压爆破技术对钢筋混凝土除尘器基础进行爆破拆除。论述了水压爆破药量的计算、药包布置、药包入水深度与安放、炸药的防水处理、爆破网路及起爆方式、安全防护等技术措施。经过精心施工,取得了预期的爆破效果。     

电荷对粉尘和病原体团聚影响的数学模型研究

由于封闭畜禽舍内聚集了大量的粉尘和病原体,将影响到动物和饲养人员的呼吸道健康,因此迫切需要研究去除粉尘和病原体的方法。以粉尘和病原体的结合体为研究对象,利用蒙特卡罗法及相关概率模型,研究电荷对粉尘和病原体团聚影响。通过研究粉尘和电荷间的附着模型,确定其附着受粒子半径、电荷情况、风速等因素影响;之后,进一步构建粉尘、病原体间以及病原体、电荷间的附着模型。结合数值化运算设定边界条件,得出三者间的结合率可达到15%。粉尘、病原体与电荷相互之间模型的建立能有效的了解到畜禽舍除尘的方法,提高除尘效率,并为高压静电除尘的推广和应用提供了理论基础。     

袋式除尘器在水泥工业中的应用状况及研究进展

从袋式除尘器的滤料、清灰方式、清灰状态等几个方面论述了袋式除尘器的发展及应用情况,并且涉及实际应用中出现的问题及解决方法以及袋式除尘器最近几年发展的新技术。     

塑料厂除尘系统的设计分析

除尘系统是捕集、输送、净化含尘气体直至干净气体排放的整个系统,它由集气吸尘罩、除尘管路、除尘设备、除尘风机等组成。提出了除尘系统的设计原则和计算方法,为正确选择、合理配置除尘系统提供了设计依据     

Extracting dust from soil: a simple solution to a tricky task

Air quality is commonly assessed by the ambient concentration of airborne particles sized smaller than 10 microm (PM10). However, in addition to concentration, particle shape as well as the type and bioaccessibility of elements adsorbed to this particulate fraction are likely to be related to subsequent respiratory health effects. In order to investigate this relationship, a relatively large mass of the relevant size fraction is needed since sample preparation is necessary prior to analysis. Most existing methods for sampling dust have been developed for analysing the dust directly, without prior handling or digestion. In order to provide sufficient material to be used for subsequent bioaccessibility analysis, these methods require repetitive and time consuming sampling as well as special equipment and procedures which are high in both cost and maintenance. This paper describes an inexpensive and relatively simple procedure for extracting the PM10 fraction from soil to be used for lung bioaccessibility studies. The method described involves dry and wet sieving in order to exclude larger size fractions as far as possible. Vacuum filtering of the wet-sieved soil solution through a 10 microm mesh was then employed to extract the required fraction. In order to avoid frequent blocking of the mesh, Stokes's law was applied in the construction of a tube which enables separation of the solution holding the smallest fraction.     

Comparison of two dust collection methods for reservoir indoor allergens and endotoxin on carpets and mattresses

Variable methods of dust collection may lead to uncertainty in the measurement of biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of two different dust collection devices on dust weight, Der p 1, Fel d 1, and endotoxin levels. We compared: (1) a nylon mesh sock inserted between the furniture attachment and the vacuum hose (the reference method) and (2) the ALK device. Duplicate dust samples were collected for 2 min from 2 m(2) of 37 living room floors and from each longitudinal half of 37 mattresses. Measurement of Der p 1 and Fel d 1 were by double monoclonal antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and endotoxin by a Limulus Amobocyte Lysate assay. Geometric mean ratios (95% confidence intervals) were calculated to show the differences between sampling devices for each measurement. Compared with the ALK device, the reference method collected significantly more dust from floors (sevenfold) and mattresses (threefold) and more total Der p 1, Fel d 1, and endotoxin in both sites. Floor, but not mattress, Der p 1 concentrations were also significantly higher (threefold) using our reference method. We recommend that, in order to minimize sampling device bias, allergen and endotoxin are expressed as a concentration, and that the bed is considered the major source of allergen exposure. Practical Implications Dust sampling equipment can influence the dust yield. In order to have confidence in comparisons of allergen and endotoxin reservoir levels between centers, standardization in the use of sampling equipment is important.     

Characterization of Lunar Dust for Toxicological Studies. I: Particle Size Distribution

The particle size distribution (PSD) of lunar dust, the <20?μm portion of the regolith, was determined as an initial step in the study of the possible toxicological effects it may have on the human respiratory and pulmonary systems. Utilizing scanning electron microscopy, PSDs were determined for Apollo 11 (10084) and 17 (70051) dust samples, as well as lunar dust simulant JSC-1Avf. The novel methodology employed is described in detail. All measured PSDs feature a log-normal distribution having a single mode in a range 100–300?nm for lunar dust samples, but the lunar simulant has a mode at ～ 600?nm.     

用冶金工业废弃粉尘作燃煤固硫剂实验研究

通过对煤燃烧过程中传统的钙基固硫剂性质及脱硫过程机理进行综合分析,提出一种新型的燃煤固硫剂－含锌冶金工业废弃粉尘．研究结果表明,含锌冶金工业废弃粉尘有可能成为燃煤过程中经济而有效的固硫剂．     

可编程控制器在锅炉吹灰系统中的应用

本文给出ＰＬＣ在锅炉吹灰器控制中的应用,并成功地实现了若干台石油裂解炉吹灰器的集中控制。