Relations between compliances of inhomogeneities having the same shape but different elastic constants

The contributions of inhomogeneities having the same shape but different elastic constants, to the overall elastic properties are interrelated. The utility of these relations lies, in particular, in the possibility to extend available results for pores or rigid inclusions to inhomogeneities of arbitrary elastic properties. The relations are exact for ellipsoids and approximate for non-ellipsoidal shapes. The constructed approximation also constitutes approximate connection between the first Eshelby’s problem (the eigenstrain problem) and the second one (the inhomogeneity problem), for non-ellipsoidal shapes. It also yields approximate formulas for the contribution of a non-ellipsoidal inhomogeneity to effective elastic properties.     

预应力混凝土柱的施工技术

偏心受压钢筋混凝土柱,采用预应力技术减小或避免钢筋混凝土柱根部裂缝,通过在钢筋混凝土柱受拉区一侧预先施加一定的力,使钢筋混凝土柱内部受力在新的条件下建立平衡.实践证明:该方法能有效地控制柱截面,解决钢筋混凝土柱偏心受压的根部裂缝问题.     

NVCGM高性能灌浆料的研究及应用

从流变性、竖向膨胀、有效承载接触面积、抗压强度等方面,采用对比试验的方法,系统分析了 NVCGM 灌浆料与国外两种灌浆料、国内某灌浆料的优劣性。试验结果以及工程应用表明,NVCGM 灌浆料是一种综合性能优异的高性能灌浆料。     

Universal theorems for total energy of the dynamics of linearly elastic heterogeneous solids

In this paper we consider a sample of a linearly elastic heterogeneous composite in elastodynamic equilibrium and present universal theorems which provide lower bounds for the total elastic strain energy plus the kinetic energy, and the total complementary elastic energy plus the kinetic energy. For a general heterogeneous sample which undergoes harmonic motion at a single frequency, we show that, among all consistent boundary data which produce the same average strain, the uniform-stress boundary data render the total elastic strain energy plus the kinetic energy an absolute minimum. We also show that, among all consistent boundary data which produce the same average momentum in the sample, the uniform velocity boundary data render the total complementary elastic energy plus the kinetic energy an absolute minimum. We do not assume statistical homogeneity or material isotropy in our treatment, although they are not excluded. These universal theorems are the dynamic equivalent of the universal theorems already known for the static case [Nemat-Nasser and Hori, 1993] and [Nemat-Nasser and Hori, 1995]. It is envisaged that the bounds on the total energy presented in this paper will be used to formulate computable bounds on the overall dynamic properties of linearly elastic heterogeneous composites with arbitrary microstructures.     

Realistic modeling of complex oxide materials

Since electronic and magnetic properties of many transition-metal oxides can be efficiently controlled by external factors such as the temperature, pressure, electric or magnetic field, they are regarded as promising materials for various applications. From the viewpoint of the electronic structure, these phenomena are frequently related to the behavior of a small group of states located near the Fermi level. The basic idea of this project is to construct a model for the low-energy states, derive all the parameters rigorously on the basis of density functional theory (DFT), and to study this model by modern techniques. After a brief review of the method, the abilities of this approach will be illustrated on a number of examples, including multiferroic manganites and spin-orbital-lattice coupled phenomena in RVO₃ (where R is the three-valent element).     

关于三维曲线预应钢筋内力损耗的探讨与对策

通过工程实例,分析三维曲线预应力钢筋内力损耗的主要因素及其计算方法,以提高预应力结构设计的准确性,并满足结构抗裂及强度要求。     

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??Deep shale gas reservoirs buried underground with depth being more than 3 500 m are characterized by high in-situ stress, large horizontal stress difference, complex distribution of bedding and natural cracks, and strong rock plasticity. Thus, during hydraulic fracturing, these reservoirs often reveal difficult fracture extension, low fracture complexity, low stimulated reservoir volume (SRV), low conductivity and fast decline, which hinder greatly the economic and effective development of deep shale gas. In this paper, a specific and feasible technique of volume fracturing of deep shale gas horizontal wells is presented. In addition to planar perforation, multi-scale fracturing, full-scale fracture filling, and control over extension of high-angle natural fractures, some supporting techniques are proposed, including multi-stage alternate injection (of acid fluid, slick water and gel) and the mixed- and small-grained proppant to be injected with variable viscosity and displacement. These techniques help to increase the effective stimulated reservoir volume (ESRV) for deep gas production. Some of the techniques have been successfully used in the fracturing of deep shale gas horizontal wells in Yongchuan, Weiyuan and southern Jiaoshiba blocks in the Sichuan Basin. As a result, Wells YY1HF and WY1HF yielded initially 14.1×104 m3/d and 17.5×104 m3/d after fracturing. The volume fracturing of deep shale gas horizontal well is meaningful in achieving the productivity of 50×108 m3 gas from the interval of 3 500–4 000 m in Phase II development of Fuling and also in commercial production of huge shale gas resources at a vertical depth of less than 6 000 m.     

Design of pseudo-ternary and quaternary alloys by superlattices consisting of (zn,cd)(s,se) binary ii–vi compounds

Theoretical design of pseudo-ternary and quaternary alloys by superlattice structures consisting of (Zn,Cd)(S,Se) binary II–VI compounds has been studied. For pseudo-ternary ZnCdS and ZnCdSe alloys, the superlattices with two layers in a cycle, i.e., ZnS/CdS and ZnSe/CdSe are considered, and for pseudo-quaternary ZnCdSSe alloy, the two superlattice structures with more than two layers in a cycle are considered. In order to design and evaluate these superlattices, the expression for the equilibrium in-plane lattice constant of these superlattices has been derived by minimizing the total elastic strain energy in the cycle. The combinations of layer thicknesses in a cycle and the effective bandgap of these superlattices have been calculated while the elastic strain effect was included. The usefulness of these superlattice structures has been evaluated.     

在具有相关性的离散随机介质中波场的二阶矩

利用建立在多次散射基础上的Ｄｙｓｏｎ方程和Ｂｅｔｈｅ－Ｓａｌｐｅｔｅｒ方程，讨论了在考虑随机分布的散射间的对相关而忽略高阶相关的情况下标量波声波场的传播问题。认为在波传播方向散射体的相关性具有马尔科夫近似，同时运用前向散射近似，得到了在相关性离散随机介质中的等效传播常数，吸收截面和互相干函数的解析解。     

机载海洋激光雷达的试验研究

通过对我国首次机载激光水下目标探测试验数据的分析和处理，并辅之以必要的蒙特卡模拟实验，就有效衰减系数，大气，风速，海水分层，目标倾斜等因素对雷达系统性能的影响进行了研究，首次总结出适合工程设计使用的近似估算公式和曲线，阐述了试验中出现的异常现象，并给出了合理的解释，最后还提出了一些需要进一步深入研究的关键问题。