An intelligent multi-constraint finite capacity-based lot release system for semiconductor backend assembly environment

This paper presents an intelligent multi-constraint finite capacity-based lot release system which has been designed, developed and implemented to solve the lot release problems in a discrete manufacturing environment with huge product mix and multitude of capacity constraints. This system releases lots by firstly prioritising them according to a multi-attribute lot prioritization criteria, and then by applying predefined multiple capacity constraints to the sorted queue of lots. Finally the finite resource capacity is allocated to them sequentially. This system is designed to be adaptable and re-configurable in response to the dynamic changes in the manufacturing environment.The system can be configured to operate in both an automatic and manual lot release modes. When the system is triggered under the automatic lot release mode, it will perform lot releases automatically based on the latest lot orders information and the predefined configuration, parameters and capacity constraints. It facilitates the auto generation of lot release schedule during night shifts when the production control personnel is off duty, as the system can be triggered through scheduled task provided by the computer's operating system. The manual release mode is designed to cater for fine adaptation of the lot release schedule generated by the system through potential human intervention, through which, a user is allowed to adjust the lot release schedule, in response to some last minute urgent requests from the customers and unexpected events from the shop floor. Detailed reporting tools that provide a snapshot of the lot release results controlled by the various capacity constraints are available for analysis and further refinement of the lot release schedule.This system has been successfully implemented in a few Semiconductor Backend Assembly companies, and in most of these implementations, with direct integration to their existing manufacturing systems such as the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and Manufacturing Execution System (MES).     

The Making of Early Republican Ankara

Zeynep Kezer outlines the ascendancy and development of Ankara from an obscure, central Anatolian town into a capital city that was to become the focus of the new nation state. Informed by German architectural and technological expertise, it was executed to rigorous Modernist planning principles and aesthetics, and came to represent in urban form the polarisation of pre-republican and republican Turkey. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

All Night Long: The Architectural Jazz of the Texas Rangers

In the mid-1950s, a group of young faculty at the University of Texas School of Architecture in Austin - aka the Texas Rangers - entertained themselves with weekly sessions of a sophisticated, collective drawing game, ‘Dot-the-Dot’, in which there was an emphasis on inventive fluency in hand drawing as well as an innate knowledge of historic European city plans. What happened when Mark Morris , Visiting Associate Professor at Cornell University, decided in a design studio to ask present-day students to revive the game?     

Enhanced Hydrogen Generation from Empty Fruit Bunches by Charcoal Addition into a Downdraft Gasifier

Hydrogen production by co-gasification of empty fruit bunches of palm oil could be enhanced by adding charcoal. Physiochemical characterization of raw feedstocks was performed to determine their exergy potentiality. The raw feedstocks, gasified charcoal, and the end product of produced gas were analyzed by different techniques. Gasification experiments were performed using a pilot-scale downdraft gasifier. The heating value, composition of product gas, yield of hydrogen, and exergy efficiency were used to verify the improvement of hydrogen production during the co-gasification process. Charcoal with empty fruit bunches of palm oil leads to a much higher yield of hydrogen than lower charcoal ratios or solely empty fruit bunches. This enhanced hydrogen fuel can contribute to future energy demand.     

Cellulolytic enzymes produced by a newly isolated soil fungus Penicillium sp. TG2 with potential for use in cellulosic ethanol production

A newly isolated soil fungus, Penicillium sp. TG2, had cellulase activities that were comparable to those of Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30, a common commercial strain used for cellulase production. The maximal and specific activities were 1.27 U/mL and 2.28 U/mg for endoglucanase, 0.31 U/mL and 0.56 U/mg for exoglucanase, 0.54 U/mL and 1.03 U/mg for β-glucosidase, and 0.45 U/mL and 0.81 U/mg for filter paper cellulase (FPase), respectively. Optimal FPase activity was at pH 5.0 and 50 °C. We used a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process, which employed the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus and Penicillium sp. TG2 cellulolytic enzymes, to produce ethanol from empty palm fruit bunches (EFBs), a waste product from the palm oil industry. The present findings indicate that Penicillium sp. TG2 has great potential as an alternative source of enzymes for saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass.     

电磁流量计空管检测方法研究

以电磁流量计传感器空管试验为基础，讨论了空管状态下的信号等效模型，研究了空管状态的信号特点，讨论了基于附加激励的相对电导率空管检测方法的特性，提出了一种基于干扰幅值变化分析的空管检测方法，并讨论了相关的实现方法。     

基于空样式的网页水印方法

网页水印在网页版权保护和防仿冒篡改等方面具有重要应用,现有的网页水印技术主要是利用HTML对一些格式变化的不敏感性进行水印信息的嵌入,这类方法嵌入的水印信息与网页内容严重分离,水印的隐蔽性不强,容易受到攻击。文中提出一种新的基于空样式的网页水印方法,利用HTML对于没有定义的样式不做任何操作的性质,将水印信息转换为没有内容定义的空样式,并嵌入到网页的HTML代码中,使得水印信息与HTML代码联系紧密,隐蔽性强,不易被检测和攻击,同时拥有较大的水印信息容量。与现有方法相比,所提方法具有较大的优越性。     

城市景观中的缝与槽

缝与槽是线性艺术在城市景观中的表现方式,本文从线性艺术效果、虚实与光影、功能与建造三个方面进行研究与分析,使人们深入理解线性艺术在现代城市景观设计中的作用和效果。     

Understanding the Hobrecht Plan. Origin,composition, and implementation of urban design elements in the Berlin expansion plan from 1862

ABSTRACT

The nineteenth-century master plans for European cities influence their development beyond their intended lifespans and provide a variety of robust urban fabrics to this day. The Hobrecht Plan for Berlin's urban expansion (1862) was intentionally conceived to adapt to an uncertain future, remaining influential even today. For a considerable time, the Hobrecht Plan was disregarded and considered irrelevant across the spectrum of development plans in Europe. This article presents a comprehensive re-assessment of the Hobrecht Plan with an emphasis on its intrinsic value. The plan defined a new set of urban patterns, forms and spaces in 15 section plans and a range of public space typologies defining Berlin's cityscape. The plan developed a spatial and structural framework using three different urban design elements: the ring boulevard, the harbour square, and the neighbourhood square. These key organizing elements have helped public spaces remain the effective planning units of Berlin's neighbourhoods. This analysis provides insight on how contemporary master plans can better formulate long-term strategies to address complexity, adaptability, and flexibility. The article presents novel outlooks on Berlin's city structure and new knowledge of Hobrecht's contribution to the planning discipline.     

“水城”计划：柏林城市滨水地带的复兴

城市滨水地带曾经在工业的发展中发挥过巨大的作用。进入后工业社会以来，随着经济社会形态和产业结构的变化，城市中的滨水工业生产用地以及仓储用地相继被废弃。这些已经被污染的用地尽管需要花费高昂的代价去整治，但也具有很高的商业开发价值。本文介绍了德国统一之后柏林城市滨水地带再开发的两个大型项目实例，以期为国内类似问题和项目的研究提供借鉴和参考。