Loop headers in λ-calculus or CPS

The introduction of a loop header block facilitates the hoisting of loop-invariant code from a loop. In a -calculus intermediate representation, which has a notion of scope, this transformation is particularly useful. Loop headers with scope also solve a problem with in-line expansion of recursive functions or loops: if done naively, only the first iteration is inlined. A loop header can encapsulate the loop or recursion for better in-line expansion. This optimization improves performance by about 5% in Standard ML of New Jersey.     

面向样本扩充的新型风格迁移网络研究

全监督语义分割网络在训练时需要耗费大量的人力与时间成本来标注样本。所以减少人工标注样本的时间,同时提升语义分割效果,对于深度学习网络的快速部署和应用推广具有重要意义。提出一种基于改进图像风格迁移网络（CycleGAN-AD）的样本扩充方法。以CycleGAN为基础,在生成器中引入注意力机制并将深度残差网络改为密集连接卷积网络。利用计算机批量产生自带标签的模拟样本,使用CycleGAN-AD网络将模拟样本风格迁移成为真实样本风格（标签不变）,并用于扩充训练样本。对石墨电极的钢印字符进行语义分割的实验结果表明,采用CycleGAN-AD网络进行样本扩充后,其分割效果得到显著提升,MIoU值最高升至0.826 0。可见,提出的样本扩充方法有希望在显著减少人工标注工作量的同时,获得高质量的训练样本。     

Development and validation of a Re-Modified Work-Style Short Form Questionnaire for assessment of stress in medical practitioners working in Indian hospitals

Medical practitioners are unduly stressed, leading to ill health, loss of work efficiency, sometimes affecting decision-making capability. The present study was conducted with the aim to quantify the psychosocial factors that affect the medical practitioners working in Indian hospitals. This study constructed and validated Re-Modified Work-Style Short Form Questionnaire, an eight-item instrument based on work style of 108 medical practitioners comprising Indian physicians and surgeons. The re-modified tool had acceptable validity and internal consistency, which the modified one did not. Explorative factor analysis identified and labelled three factors: ‘Working through pain’, ‘Deadlines/pressure’ and ‘Self-imposed workload’. The findings of the study reveal that the mean total work style score exceeded the standardised limits ≥16, which suggests that the work style of medical practitioners working in Indian hospitals are at risk which may precipitate psychosocial stress. Factor weights was derived through Analytic Hierarchy Process to prioritise the relative importance of three potential work-style factors. The study may help to increase the preventive strategies to proactively reduce the effect of risk factors for the precipitation of stress, successfully leading to its attenuation.     

The use of mindmapping software for patent search and management

Modern information technologies and in particular the internet have revolutionized the patent information professionals' work in terms of speed of access and information comprehensiveness from both company internal and external digital sources. Here, I describe how the digital mindmapping technique can be used to complement existing intellectual property management software solutions to meet the challenge of optimizing and managing patent search workflows as well as to rapidly organise and access highly dynamic, heterogeneous and scattered patent information sources. Both eye catching and highly memorable and at the same time self-explanatory mindmapping examples are presented. These were designed to include basic and advanced level digital mindmapping features tailored to significantly speed up and maintain a high work quality level of patent search professionals. A special emphasis is put on the great benefit of organising and accessing the plethora of internet-based worldwide online patent registers through mindmapping, both in terms of managing the constantly changing deep links to the actual search options for e.g., legal status information, and keeping track of the offered level of content.     

形态演变对家电产品风格的影响研究

目的探讨冰箱形态演变的影响因素并研究形态演变对家电产品风格的影响。方法搜集了海尔冰箱的相关产品资料,提取了冰箱主面板形态特征并进行数据统计分析,对不同型号冰箱的线条特征、分割比例等造型元素进行了归纳总结。结论冰箱的形态演变主要受消费者需求变化和设计风格的影响。     

Driving business performance: innovation complementarities and persistence patterns

Complementarities between technological and non-technological innovation are crucial determinants of firm performance. Although innovation complementarity has been extensively tested in the empirical literature, it has not been analysed in conjunction with innovation persistence. This fact is mainly due to the lack of data sets able to provide adequate longitudinal information. The capacities to develop market-oriented behaviour and introduce new organisational innovations, together with technological innovation, are the drivers of a firm’s productivity and profitability. We find that these activities complement technological innovation and that their impact is greater when they persist over time, thus introducing a more general concept of innovation persistence. We present an empirical model based on a large new panel of Italian manufacturing firms covering the period 2000–2012 which enables us to determine the precise impacts of a firm’s innovative attitude, in a broad definition that incorporates non-technological innovation and persistence, on its productivity and profitability.     

论城市土地的依法经营

从法与经济结合的角度,论述了城市土地经营的内容,对象,性质,经营模式和投资方式,分析了城市土地的依法经营问题。     

Parameterized complexity of control problems in Maximin election

Elections are a central model in a variety of areas. This paper studies parameterized computational complexity of five control problems in the Maximin election. We obtain the following results: constructive control by adding candidates is W[2]-hard with respect to the parameter “number of added candidates”; both constructive and destructive control by adding/deleting voters are W[1]-hard with respect to the parameter “number of added/deleted voters”.     

A class of aggregation functions encompassing two-dimensional OWA operators

In this paper we prove that, under suitable conditions, Atanassov’s K_α operators, which act on intervals, provide the same numerical results as OWA operators of dimension two. On one hand, this allows us to recover OWA operators from K_α operators. On the other hand, by analyzing the properties of Atanassov’s operators, we can generalize them. In this way, we introduce a class of aggregation functions - the generalized Atanassov operators - that, in particular, include two-dimensional OWA operators. We investigate under which conditions these generalized Atanassov operators satisfy some properties usually required for aggregation functions, such as bisymmetry, strictness, monotonicity, etc. We also show that if we apply these aggregation functions to interval-valued fuzzy sets, we obtain an ordered family of fuzzy sets.     

Embedding HMMs-based models in a Euclidean space: the topological hidden Markov models

Current extensions of hidden Markov models such as structural, hierarchical, coupled, and others have the power to classify complex and highly organized patterns. However, one of their major limitations is the inability to cope with topology: When applied to a visible observation (VO) sequence, the traditional HMM-based techniques have difficulty predicting the n-dimensional shape formed by the symbols of the VO sequence. To fulfill this need, we propose a novel paradigm named “topological hidden Markov models” (THMMs) that classifies VO sequences by embedding the nodes of an HMM state transition graph in a Euclidean space. This is achieved by modeling the noise embedded in the shape generated by the VO sequence. We cover the first and second level topological HMMs. We describe five basic problems that are assigned to a second level topological hidden Markov model: (1) sequence probability evaluation, (2) statistical decoding, (3) structural decoding, (4) topological decoding, and (5) learning. To show the significance of this research, we have applied the concept of THMMs to: (i) predict the ASCII class assigned to a handwritten numeral, and (ii) map protein primary structures to their 3D folds. The results show that the second level THMMs outperform the SHMMs and the multi-class SVM classifiers significantly.