一种新型健康白酒的研制

研究研制的一款新型健康白酒是以汾酒为基酒,以具有超强双歧功能因子的低聚木糖为功能糖源。将枸杞子、灵芝、甘草、菊花四种传统中药经科学配伍后采用现代数字化提取技术对其功能成分进行提取,提取液经负压蒸馏制备后作为调味液。最终酒体特点为酒体清亮透明,无色或微带黄色,绵软醇厚,酒体协调、丰满,余味悠长;对新品酒中功能性成分进行了检测,总黄酮(以芦丁计)含量为41mg/L、总皂苷(以人参皂苷Re计)含量为9.6mg/L、粗多糖(以葡萄糖计)含量为120mg/L,为新品酒的健康保健功能提供了理论依据。     

香椿的营养与医疗保健作用

香椿是我国传统的高档调味品 ,具有很高的营养价值和医疗保健作用 ,潜在市场十分巨大 ,开发前景十分广阔     

仙人掌功能饮料发酵工艺及解酒性能的研究

研究了采用酵母菌和醋酸菌发酵生产仙人掌功能饮料的工艺条件.实验结果表明在仙人掌汁中补加3%蔗糖,接种0.05%的活性干酵母30℃下发酵4d,其酒精含量为1.22%(w).然后再补加0.05%的酵母浸膏,接种12%的醋酸菌液,34℃振荡培养72h,其总酸含量为1.35%.将经过澄清处理的酵母菌发酵汁、醋酸菌发酵汁和纯净水按1:1:1混合,再经适当调配,制得富含黄酮的仙人掌功能饮料,并对其解酒功能进行了动物实验.     

贫铀的健康影响研究进展

由于贫铀（DU）武器的使用,引发了DU的健康影响一系列研究。本文介绍了DU的放射性、吸入DU气溶胶和DU污染伤口的危害,以及体外实验研究和人群研究。研究表明,DU的主要危害来自于贫铀气溶胶的吸入和/或伤口污染,吸入体内的DU主要在肺中滞留,吸入和伤口污染的DU最终都广泛分布到机体各组织、器官,造成持续性、系统性的健康影响。DU的短期健康影响主要是重金属毒性,长期影响是放射损伤与化学毒性的联合效应。     

河流健康的内涵

河流健康不是严格意义上的科学概念,而是一种河流管理的评估工具.其作用是建立相对基准点和评估准则体系,对于在自然力与人类活动双重作用下的河流生态系统状况进行动态监测与评估,以研究其演进趋势并通过管理促其向良性方向发展.河流健康评估准则应体现开发与保护的平衡,应体现流域各个利益相关者的利益协调.河流污染是对我国河流健康的最大威胁,治污是我国现阶段河流生态环境建设的首要任务.     

Re-understanding the antecedents of functional foods purchase: Mediating effect of purchase attitude and moderating effect of food neophobia

The world market for functional foods has grown dynamically and China is expected to be one of the most promising markets. But little is understood the formation mechanisms of consumers’ purchase attitude and intention toward functional foods in Mainland China. The current study investigates the roles of trust, health consciousness and price in shaping consumers’ purchase intention toward functional foods by focusing on purchase attitude as a mediator and food neophobia as a moderator. Results from the sample of 1144 Chinese suggest that Chinese consumers had moderate purchase intention toward functional foods. Trust in the food system and health consciousness positively affects purchase intention via purchase attitude. Price negatively affects purchase intention; meanwhile, the negative effect could be counteracted by health consciousness. Food neophobia does not directly affect individuals’ purchase attitude or intention, but moderates the relationships between antecedents and them. Consumers with a low level of food neophobia treat higher price as a monetary sacrifice, while their counterparts may regard a higher price as a greater quality signal. The study offers the food industry insights into the development and marketing of functional foods targeted to the Mainland China market.     

Using sensory and consumer science in drug delivery system optimization: mixed methods in women of color as a case study

Although sensory and consumer science methods may have originated in the food and beverage industries, they have widespread application for many other products, including fast moving consumer goods, personal care, and more recently, pharmaceuticals. Here, we present the later as a case study, showing how sensory methods can be applied to preclinical optimization of drug delivery systems. Past clinical trials suggest vaginal microbicides may be an effective means for women to protect themselves from HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs); critically however, these microbicides will not work if they are not used due to poor acceptability. Multiple factors influence microbicide acceptability, including product features as well as cultural and social factors. In an iterative process, we developed soft-gel vaginal suppositories and have shown that properties like firmness, size, and shape all influence women’s willingness to try. However, our prior work was conducted among white women in a rural setting, so we revisited these questions in women of color using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Here, women of color evaluated suppositories of different fracturability, firmness, size, and shape. We assessed willingness to try and imagined ease of insertion, and used Just About Right (JAR) scales to measure appropriateness of firmness and size. To better understand reasons underlying these quantitative results, qualitative reactions to suppositories of different sizes, shapes, and firmness level were obtained via focus groups with women of color. This work illustrates a) how sensory and consumer science methods can be used to optimize acceptability of drug delivery systems, and b) how mixed methods provide more complete insights than purely quantitative approaches.     

Eye care professionals’ perceptions of the benefits of daily disposable silicone hydrogel contact lenses

PurposeTo gain a better understanding of eye care professionals’ (ECPs) perceptions regarding the benefits of silicone hydrogel (SiH) daily disposable contact lenses (DDCL), particularly with respect to health, comfort and patient satisfaction.MethodsA survey was conducted with 300 ECPs in the United States, United Kingdom and Japan during November 2017. The survey comprised 34 statements relating to SiH DDCLs, to which the ECPs provided their level of agreement using a 6 point Likert scale. A minimum of 70% agreement was set to define majority agreement. Categories of statements included Health, Comfort, Patient Experience, and Standard of Care.ResultsECPs rated the highest levels of agreement to perceptions within the Patient Experiences and Health categories. The six statements receiving the highest ratings were “Silicone hydrogel 1 day lenses satisfy today’s patients’ demanding lifestyles” (93% agreement); “Silicone hydrogel 1 day lenses are the best choice to safeguard my patients’ eye health related to contact lens wear” (92%); “Silicone hydrogel 1 day lenses provide the best benefits to my patients” (92%); “Silicone hydrogel 1 day lenses provide better long term eye health for my patients than hydrogel 1 day lenses” (91%); “Silicone hydrogel is the healthiest lens material for my daily disposable patients” (90%); and “Silicone hydrogel 1 day lenses provide a better wearing experience for my patients than hydrogel 1 day lenses” (90%).ConclusionECPs perceive that SiH DDCLs offer long-term eye health and comfort for the patient and although the ECPs surveyed would not necessarily prescribe SiH DDCLs to all their patients, they would prescribe them to most of their patients. The results support the premise that while ECPs consider SiH 1 day contact lenses as the current “standard of care”; the principal barrier continues to be the perceived higher cost of these lenses.     

Patients’ and prescribers’ perception of contact lenses as a potential ocular drug delivery system

Contact lenses (CLs) designed to deliver medication gradually to the eye are being developed and investigated for the use in ocular drug delivery. The aim of the current research is to determine patients’ acceptance of the use of lenses for ocular drug delivery. In addition, the study aimed to seek the views and perceptions of healthcare professionals (HCPs) on CLs as a method of ocular drug delivery and whether it will be prescribed to treat ocular conditions.This was a cross-sectional survey targeted at patients and HCPs. Two separate questionnaires were created with open-closed ended and multiple response questions, gauging the perceptions and acceptance of CLs as drug delivery tool. The patients’ survey was distributed in John Radcliffe (JR), Oxford and Moorfields eye hospital (MEH), London, UK. The HCPs’ questionnaire was manually distributed and was also devised on Survey Monkey and sent by email to ophthalmologists, optometrists, opticians, GPs and hospital and community pharmacists. The data were analysed using SPSS statistical software and Excel.Over 60% (92/151) of patients would accept the use of CLs for their ocular treatment with the highest acceptance being reported by patients in the age group of 30–49 years old. The most frequently used conventional treatment formulation was eye drops as indicated by 87% (131/151) of the responses. More than half of eye drop users (57%, 75/131) indicated that they would accept using CLs expecting them to reduce the frequency of application of the medicine and be less time consuming. Interestingly, half of HCPs were not aware of CLs as an ocular drug delivery method; nevertheless, a total of 65 HCPs out of the 112 surveyed stated that they would prescribe/dispense CLs to treat ocular disease.     

2016~2018年甘肃省市售蔬菜中铅汞污染状况及人体健康风险分析

目的 对甘肃省14个市州蔬菜中铅汞进行三年的采样监测,掌握铅汞重金属污染的基本情况并对人体健康风险进行了分析。方法 在全省14个市州共采集样品1213份,依据国标方法进行铅汞含量的测定,采用尼梅罗综合污染指数法对蔬菜中铅和汞污染程度进行评价,用目标危害指数法(THQ)和危害指数(HI)评价蔬菜中铅汞对成人和儿童的健康风险。结果 各类蔬菜中均检出了铅和汞,其中鳞茎类中的铅和茎类蔬菜中的汞检出率均达到了100%;块根和块茎类蔬菜铅的超标率为3.76%;汞含量除在茎类蔬菜中超标率为1.34%外,在其余种类中均未有超标。从铅汞的综合污染指数来看,除茎类蔬菜以外,其他都表现为Pb＞Hg,铅对蔬菜重金属污染贡献较大,其中瓜菜类和鳞茎类的铅含量综合污染指数分别为0.61和0.52,属于轻度污染;茄果类和块根块茎类蔬菜的铅含量综合污染指数分别达到了4.68和4.40,污染较严重。居民通过蔬菜摄入的铅汞的暴露风险儿童高于成人,但THQ和HI均小于1,对人体健康造成的影响不明显。结论 本次研究中甘肃省市售蔬菜中少数受到重金属铅的污染,其余蔬菜中铅汞含量对健康影响均在安全范围内。