制度帮助建筑师实现职业价值——来自台湾省建筑师公会的启示

本文借鉴台湾省建筑师公会的操作经验,针对犬陆建筑师职业生存环境与职业价值实现的问题,提出通过建立合理制度、完善商务操作模式．从而消除无序恶性竞争的系列改善建筑师执业环境、实现职业价值的建议。     

西南地域文化与建筑创作的地域性

文章从地域建筑创作人手,分析了建筑师与地域文化、地域环境与地域建筑创作的关系。并结合西南地域近年的地域性建筑作品,讨论并分析总结了地域建筑的创作理论和方法。     

郝思佳与王熙凤的平行研究

文章对《飘》中郝思佳和《红楼梦》中的王熙风进行了比较，分析了两个女性形象的同中之异和异中之同，揭示了不同文化背景下的深层规律，并提出“妇女人格”这一新的命题。     

建筑师--一种特殊的知识分子

建筑师是一种特殊的知识分子．介于人文知识分子和科学知识分子之间。这种特殊性既使建筑师的工作充满矛盾，又为其工作向前发展提供了动力。当代科学技术的发展与环境问题的涌现使得建筑师职业暂时出现了困境。通过学科交叉、拓展自身的知识，建筑师职业将会迎来光明的未来。     

Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Female Lung Cancer

A registry-based case-control study, involving 120 cases (28 males, 92 females) of lung cancer deaths, was conducted in 1985 in the city of Guangzhou to investigate whether lifestyle factors are associated with an increased incidence of lung cancer in never-smoking individuals. The cases were matched with two control groups which consisted of non-respiratory-disease-related deaths or non-respiratory-related cancer deaths. Lifestyle factors assessed in the study include: personal history of nonmalignant respiratory diseases, practice of fresh vegetable consumption, lifetime occupation and occupational exposure histories, exposure to ETS, degree of indoor air pollution, general conditions of home residence, cooking practices and environments, and family history of cancer. Conditional logistic regression analysis demonstrated a negative association between fresh vegetable consumption and lung cancer risk in both sexes, suggesting that vegetables may exert a “protective” effect against lung cancer in humans. In males, elevated risks were found between lung cancer and occupational exposure. In females, indoor air pollution and kitchen environment were associated with risk of lung cancer. No statistically significant association was observed between lung cancer and all other factors examined, including exposure to ETS. A second case-control study was performed in 1986 to investigate the possible association between spousal smoking and lung cancer deaths. Cases consisted of 75 never-smoking females and the two control groups consisted of 128 cases of deaths due to non-tumor diseases, and 126 cases of deaths due to tumors except lung cancer. When cases were matched against “death-unrelated-to-tumor” controls, the odds ratio [OR] for ETS exposure was 1.19, as gauged by whether or not there was ETS exposure; 0.72 and 1.62, when ETS was assessed based on exposure to less than 20 or to 20 or more cigarettes/day. When ETS exposure was measured by “smokingyears”, ORs of 1.39 and 1.17 were obtained based on less than or equal to 30 years of exposure, respectively. Matching cases against “tumor-other-than-lung cancer” controls show the following: OR was 1.00 based or whether or not there was ETS exposure, 0.62 and 1.36, based on exposure to less than 20 or to 20 or more cigarettes/day, and 1.13 and 0.99, based on less than or equal to 30 years of exposure. In all cases, Ors and the calculated 95% confidence interval [CI] indices show that ETS exposure was not significantly associated with female lung cancer deaths, P>0.05. In summary, both case-control studies suggest no statistically significant association between exposure to ETS and female lung cancer in this Chinese population.     

Possible chemical basis for histocompatibility-related mating preference in mice

High-resolution chromatographic profiles of urinary volatiles were quantitatively recorded and statistically evaluated for the female mice genetically differing in a small region of the major histocompatibility complex on the 17th chromosome. Both immature and estrogenized animals were evaluated. While there seem to be no specific volatile products of the histocompatibility genes, statistically significant differences were readily observed with the immature females of different haplotypes, involving the general range of secondary volatile metabolites. Their possible role in olfactory communication is discussed.     

Young female drivers in New Zealand

While a considerable amount is known about young male drivers both in New Zealand and overseas, research attention concerning female drivers of any age including those under the age of 25 has been far less prevalent. The present paper explores the reasons behind the historically low research interest in this population of road users, and seeks to provide information on the current status of young female drivers^† in New Zealand, with regard to both travel patterns and crash involvement statistics. The findings of the present study suggest that the exposure to risk of this group has increased with greater licensing and kilometreage. Increased crash involvement was identified for this group, a finding accentuated by the fact that this has occurred concurrent with a decrease in crash involvement of young male drivers. Drink driving patterns of this group are discussed, in response to the finding that the crash involvement and number of drink-drive convictions of females 15–24 have increased over time. Implications for research and countermeasures are outlined.     

台湾民众参与的社区营造

台湾的建筑师在过去的半个世纪中,历经政治、缝济、社害诸多层面的演化,在不同的时期有不同的角色,对于实质环境有殊异的贡献。20世纪90年代“社区总体营造”成为台湾环境课题的显学,建筑师的角色开始质变,社区规划师与社区建筑师于此诞生,为台湾的生活环境催化了新的境界。     

Development of leno and lace and comparative analysis of their aesthetic characteristics北大核心CSCD

Leno and lace are two kinds of special fabrics respectively born in the East and the West. Although the origin and weaving method of the fabrics are different, they have many similarities and occupy an important position in the history of textile. Based on the historical documents analysis, one can find that the origin of both fabrics is related to mesh-shaped capture tools and their appearance is featured by perforated appearance. With the aesthetic style of elegance, elaboration and grace, both fabrics symbolize noble identity in the upper class. The aesthetic orientation of leno and lace are usually related to the female, and they are the media for the female to hide or express their right and desire. So, the paper expatiates on cultural connotation of leno and lace from their origin, aesthetic tendency and the female spirit they represent. © 2017 China Silk Association. All rights reserved.     

莫勒宅中的权力空间解读

文章以现代主义建筑大师路斯的代表作莫勒宅为例,在分析其空间可视性的基础上,从空间与权力的视角对莫勒宅进行解读,结合路斯其他住宅作品和设计思想,追寻其女性空间的设计动机,并指出空间的解读不应仅限于表象,更应注重分析设计者的创作意图和思想根源。