高流动、高韧性阻燃ABS的研制

采用熔融挤出的方法制备了高流动、高韧性阻燃ABS。研究了阻燃剂、热塑性弹性体（SBS）、氯化聚乙烯（CPE）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）和纳米SiO2对ABS树脂力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明：溴-锑阻燃剂的用量在13．5％～18％时，ABS树脂可以达到很好的阻燃效果，但它同时也使ABS树脂的冲击强度下降很多；在阻燃ABS体系中加入SBS或CPE或PVC以及CPE与PVC的混合物，可以提高ABS树脂的冲击强度；采用CPE和PVC以及纳米SiO2等材料组成的配方体系，可以制得高流动、高韧性阻燃ABS树脂，该树脂具有良好的力学性能和阻燃性能。     

NE/OMMT纳米复合物与TPPi复配阻燃PP的制备与性能

采用酚醛环氧树脂／有机蒙脱土（NE／OMMT）纳米复合物与亚磷酸三苯酯（TPPi）复配作为阻燃剂，制备了阻燃聚丙烯（PP）；研究了各组分的质量比及用量等对PP的阻燃性能及力学性能的影响；并通过x射线衍射分析（XRD）对材料进行了表征。结果发现，NE／OMMT纳米复合物与TPPi对PP具有很好的协同阻燃作用，当NE、TPPi的质量分数分别为9％、6％，OMMT与NE的质量比为0.06时，PP的氧指数高达36．5％，且力学性能优良。XRD分析结果表明：OMMT经NE插层后，层间距扩大明显，与PP熔融共混后可产生部分剥离。     

二(2,3—二溴丙基)烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯对丙烯酸系树脂的阻燃研究

用氧指数(LOI)、热失重(TGA)、微分热失重(DTG)等方法研究了二(2,3—二溴丙基)烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯对丙烯酸系树脂阻燃性的影响。结果表明二(2,3—二溴丙基)烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯对丙烯酸系树脂有一定的阻燃作用,与三氧化二锑配用时具有阻燃协同效应,阻燃效果较好,与磷酸三甲苯酯配用时没有协同效果。     

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and experimental study for toxic hazardous waste destruction in the cavity incinerator

We undertook numerical and experimental studies to develop a better incineration method for the destruction of CC1₄. A phenomenological model for the turbulent reaction of CC1₄, including a flame inhibition feature, has been successfully incorporated into a commercial code, simulating the incineration processes of this compound. The gaseous flow solution was obtained using SIMPLEST, a derivative of Patankar’s SIMPLE algorithm, with a k-ε turbulence model. A modified fast chemistry turbulent reaction model was developed to describe the flame inhibition due to the presence of CC1₄, considering the corresponding burning velocity data of these mixtures. An experiment was carried out on a 5.2 kW laboratory scale, transportable, cavity-type incinerator, which warrants a sufficient residence time and effective turbulent mixing by the formation of a strong recirculation region in a combustor. To this end, the specific configuration of the incinerator was manufactured to consist of two opposing jets and a rearward facing step. The calculated data were in close agreement with the experimental data for the concentrations of major species, such as CCI₄ and HCl, together with the temperature profiles. The experimental test gave the desired DRE of above 99.99%.     

悬浮液进样-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定茶叶中的微量铬

将茶叶悬浮于琼脂胶体中制成悬浮液 ,直接喷入空气 -乙炔火焰 ,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定茶叶中的微量铬 ,方法简便、快速、灵敏度和精密度高、测定结果与用灰化法处理样品一致 ,检验表明 ,两种样品前处理方法之间无显著性差异。相对标准偏差为 3.4 %～ 6 .1% ,加标回收率为 95 .7%～ 10 3.8 %。     

马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯对无卤阻燃PE-HD护套料的改性研究

研究了马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯对无卤抑烟阻燃PE-HD护套料的改性效果，并进行了增韧机理上的探讨。采用扫描电镜对复合材料进行了断面观察，并测试了材料的力学性能、流变性能、耐热性能和氧指数。结果表明，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯能够极大地提高复合材料的界面相容性，增强材料的界面相互作用，提高阻燃剂微粒在树脂基体中的分散效果，同时形成了一个可塑性界面层，所以能够提高材料的韧性。     

阻燃剂对软质聚氨酯泡沫燃烧特性的影响

利用锥形量热仪对添加了不同阻燃剂的软质聚氨酯泡沫，在25kW／m^2下，其热释放速率、产烟量、一氧化碳产生量、二氧化碳产生量和点燃时间等进行了试验研究。结果表明，含氯化铵的聚氨酯泡沫燃烧时热释放速率最小，仅是未经阻燃处理的聚氨酯泡沫的热释放速率的11．5％；含硫酸铵的聚氨酯泡沫的产烟量最少，仅是未经阻燃处理的聚氨酯泡沫的产烟量的6．4％；含氯化铵的聚氨酯泡沫燃烧时产生的一氧化碳和二氧化碳都是最少的，分别是未经阻燃处理的聚氨酯泡沫的2，4％和1．6％；点燃时间最长的是含四硼酸钠的聚氨酯泡沫，几乎是未经阻燃处理的聚氨酯泡沫的15倍，其它阻燃剂对聚氨酯泡沫的燃烧性能都有不同程度的影响。     

低密度聚乙烯阻燃薄膜性能研究

以十溴二苯醚、三氧化二锑为阻燃剂,对包装用低密度聚乙烯薄膜制品的阻燃性能和力学性能进行了研究,并用氧指数测试仪和万能试验机评价其阻燃性能和力学性能。实验结果表明:在DBD-PO/Sb2O3/LDPE体系中,两种阻燃剂之间明显存在协同阻燃效应,极限氧指数大幅度提高;其力学性能也达到了相应的使用标准。     

硅烷/钛酸酯复配偶联剂对水镁石粉/LDPE性能影响

比较了硬酯酸、硅烷、钛酸酯和铝酸酯四种表面处理剂对水镁石粉体表面改性活化效果,根据硅烷和钛酸酯对体系的影响优势用二者复配对该粉体进行表面处理,作为阻燃剂研究了它对LDPE体系的加工性能、拉伸性能及阻燃性能的影响。采用拉伸性能、氧指数将其和最大热释放速度等以及熔融指数对阻燃材料的性能进行了表征。结果表明:复配表面处理剂/水镁石粉/LDPE体系比单一表面处理剂/水镁石粉/LDPE体系的综合性能有显著提高,处理后的粉体填加量比单一表面处理剂改性的粉体填加量多20phr。     

Ionic liquid modified graphene oxide for enhanced flame retardancy and mechanical properties of epoxy resin

In this work, to improve its dispersion and flame retardancy, graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized by silane coupling agent KH550 and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate (PF₆-ILs), and characteristics of the PF₆-ILs@GO was obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Then, the synergistic flame retardant of GO or PF₆-ILs@GO and melamine pyrophosphate (MPP) were applied for epoxy resin (EP) materials. Specifically, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of EP with 0.1 wt% PF₆-ILs@GO was increased to 29.2% from 27.5% of EP/MPP composites, and the UL-94 test reached the V-0 rating. The CCT results showed that the total heat release (THR) and total smoke release (TSP) of EP/MPP/PF₆-ILs@GO composites were significantly 24.4% and 53.4% lower than that of EP/MPP composites. Besides, the thermal behavior investigated by TGA indicated that the char-forming effect of GO and PF₆-ILs@GO was great, the residual char of EP/MPP/PF₆-ILs@GO composites was as high as 19.5% at 700°C, and its thermal stability was higher than that of EP/MPP composites. On the other hand, the tensile strength of EP/MPP/GO and EP/MPP/PF₆-ILs@GO composites were increased by 15.6% and 28.3% compared with EP/MPP composites. According to SEM analysis, the EP/MPP/GO composites formed a good protective char layer, which can effectively improve flame retardancy of EP. This research represents a new method of flame retardant modified GO to improve the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polymers.