某高镁磷尾矿矿石工艺特性研究

对某磷矿尾矿的物相和化学组成、反应特性及发泡性能进行了研究。结果表明:该尾矿的主要物相为CaMg(CO3 )2、Ca5F(PO4 )3,MgO含量为19. 0%、P2O5 含量为5. 94%;尾矿的反应活性较好,抗阻缓性较差,发泡比较严重,加入消泡剂BMS-1后,发泡明显减弱。     

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在对MDEA溶液中各种杂质组分的分析基础上，通过发泡实验考察了操作条件及各种杂质组分对溶液发泡性能的影响。随着MDEA浓度、MDEA溶液温度的逐渐降低，发泡高度及消泡时间逐渐增大；另外随着通气流率和溶液中CO₂负荷的增大，MDEA溶液发泡高度及消泡时间也逐渐增大。考察了NaCl、CaCl₂、FeSO₄无机盐对MDEA溶液发泡性能的影响。MDEA溶液中有机杂质甲醇、三甘醇、重烃对MDEA溶液则具有一定的消泡作用，而气井缓蚀剂无疑是强的发泡剂。残液的加入使纯净的MDEA溶液发泡性能大幅度地增加，验证了MDEA溶液受到了污染是造成溶液发泡的主要原因。最后对MDEA溶液发泡提出了相应的处理措施和建议。     

发泡工艺温度测控系统

针对某破甲弹试验用聚苯乙烯隔板的发泡工艺温度测控,采用数字温度传感器LM74和单片机89C51组成自优化规则模糊温度测控系统.其LM74实时记录温度,89C51监测和控制调温电热套内的温度.当温度超过设定的临界温度值时,通过单片机自优化规则模糊温度控制系统,达到对温度的实时调节,以提高隔板质量.     

高发泡聚丙烯材料的研究

以偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)为发泡剂,采用化学交联法,使聚丙烯(PP)在发泡之前交联以提高熔体强度,并利用模压法制备了高发泡PP材料。结果表明:当AC含量为2份时,PP泡沫材料的表观密度降到0.2×103kg/m3,泡孔微观形态良好,但泡沫材料力学性能较差。     

粉体致密化法(PCF)制备泡沫铁的研究

采用粉末致密化发泡(PCF)工艺制备泡沫铁,研究了各工艺参数对泡沫铁制备及其孔隙率的影响规律,得出了实验条件下的优化工艺参数配置,对制备过程及影响孔隙率的因素进行了分析,获得了泡沫铁的优化制备工艺及各工艺参数对孔隙率的影响规律,对泡沫铁的研究与开发具有显著意义.     

气井泡沫排水剂的评价方法研究

用当前国内外测试起泡剂性能的几种方法对七种起泡剂进行了试验研究。大量试验数据表明:起泡剂的起泡能力依评价方法不同而有差异。在分析比较了几种评价方法的优缺点后,建议用气流法为主、辅之以Ross—Miles法对气井用起泡剂进行综合评价较为符合生产实际。     

Evaluation of the pore morphology formation of the Freeze Foaming process by in situ computed tomography

The so-called Freeze Foaming method aims at manufacturing ceramic cellular scaffolds for diverse applications. One application is dedicated to potential bone replacement material featuring open, micro and interconnected porosity. However, the main challenges of this foaming method is to achieve a homogeneous pore morphology. In a current project, the authors throw light on the bubble/pore and strut formation of this process by in situ computed tomography. This allows for evaluating varying process parameter’s effects on the growth of the ceramic foam during the foaming process. As first result and basis for CT analysis, a stable and reproducible model suspension was developed which resulted in reproducible foam structures. In dependence of selected process parameters like pressure reduction rate or air content in the ceramic suspension resulting Freeze Foams became adjustable with regard to their pore morphology. Pore size and distribution data as well as the porosity were characterized and evaluated accordingly.     

Features of the motion of gel particles in a three-phase bubble column under foaming and non-foaming conditions

Features of the motion of gel particles in a three-phase bubble column with non-foaming and foaming gas–liquid systems,determined by using experiments of radioactive particle tracking(RPT),have been compared.The tracer used is a gel particle which resembles typical immobilized biocatalyst.The tracer trajectory is analyzed to extract relevant information for design purposes.The solid velocity field,turbulence parameters,dispersion coefficients,mixing times and flow transitions are determined and compared.The presence of foam significantly affects many quantified parameters,especially within the heterogeneous flow regime.The hydrodynamic stresses are reduced in the presence of foam,especially close to the disengagement.The dispersion coefficients also decrease,and the solid mixing time is only slightly affected by the presence of foam.Gas holdup,inferred both from RPT experiments and from gamma ray scanning,is higher for foaming systems and leads to a shift in the transition gas velocity towards higher values.     

The Tail Effect of Some Prepared Cationic Surfactants on Silver Nanoparticle Preparation and Their Surface,Thermodynamic Parameters,and Antimicrobial Activity

The surface parameters of some cationic surfactants having different hydrophobic alkyl chains were assessed in aqueous solution using different techniques; surface tension, ultraviolet-Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements. The obtained critical micelle concentration (CMC) for N-(2-((3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)ethyl)-N,N-dimethyloctan-1-aminium bromide (DBAO), N-(2-((3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)ethyl)-N,N-dimethyldodectan-1-aminium bromide (DBAD), and N-(2-((3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)ethyl)-N,N-dimethylhexadectan-1-aminium bromide (DBAH) in aqueous solution using three techniques are nearly the same. Increasing the hydrophobic chain length enhances micelle formation. Raising the solution temperature from 25 to 65 °C also shows the same trend. The thermodynamic calculations outlined the adsorption propensity of the surfactants at the surface compared to their affinity to form micelles. Both micellization and adsorption processes are enhanced with both the hydrocarbon elongation and with raising the solution temperature. The effect of the surfactant tail on the preparation process of the silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was assessed and confirmed using transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and UV–Vis spectra. Increasing the surfactant tail leads to a smaller particle size with a narrow distribution. The stability of the prepared AgNP is enhanced with hydrophobic surfactant tail elongation as proved with increasing the zeta-potential of the prepared AgNP colloid. The foaming power, interfacial tension, and emulsification stability of the DBAO, DBAD, and DBAH surfactants were determined. The DBAO, DBAD, and DBAH surfactants showed good antimicrobial activities against both bacteria (Gram positive and negative) and fungi, which have been enhanced because of incorporation of AgNP.     

Aqueous Foam Stabilized by Hydrophobic SiO2 Nanoparticles using Mixed Anionic Surfactant Systems under High-Salinity Brine Condition

A primary concern of surfactant-assisted foams in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is the stability of the foams. In recent studies, foam stability has been successfully improved by the use of nanoparticles (NP). The adhesion energy of the NP is larger than the adsorbed surfactant molecules at the air–water interface, leading to a steric barrier to mitigate foam-film ruptures and liquid-foam coalescence. In this study, the partially hydrophobic SiO₂ nanoparticles (SiO₂-NP) were introduced to anionic mixed-surfactant systems to investigate their potential for improving the foamability and stability. An appropriate ratio of internal olefin sulfonate (C_15-18 IOS) and sodium polyethylene glycol monohexadecyl ether sulfate (C₃₂H₆₆Na₂O₅S) was selected to avoid the formation of undesirable effects such as precipitation and phase separation under high-salt conditions. The effects of the NP-stabilized foams were investigated through a static foam column experiment. The surface tension, zeta potential, bubble size, and bubble size distribution were observed. The stability of the static foam in a column test was evaluated by co-injecting the NP-surfactant mixture with air gas. The results indicate that the foam stability depends on the dispersion of NP in the bulk phase and at the water–air interface. A correlation was observed in the NP-stabilized foam that stability increased with increasing negative zeta potential values (−54.2 mv). This result also corresponds to the smallest bubble size (214 μm in diameter) and uniform size distribution pattern. The findings from this study provide insights into the viability of creating NP-surfactant interactions in surfactant-stabilized foams for oil field applications.