Three-dimensional finite element analysis to predict the effects of SAW process parameters on temperature distribution and angular distortions in single-pass butt joints with top and bottom reinforcements

Achieving adequate top and bottom reinforcement is important to minimize angular distortions in single-pass submerged arc welded (SAW) butt joints. This is achieved in the present work by using a reusable flux-filled backing strip and proper SAW process parameters without resorting to costly distortion mitigation techniques. The butt joints were made without edge (square butts) preparation. The process was also modeled by using three-dimensional finite element analysis by incorporating the top and bottom reinforcements into the modeling. Filler material deposition was also simulated. Temperature distributions and angular distortions obtained from the modeling closely matched with the experimental values. Thus, the cost effective experimental methodology established in the present work can be utilized for minimizing angular distortions in SAW square butts. The modeling methodology adopted can be used for predicting the angular distortions in SAW square butts with top and bottom reinforcements.     

高端KTV会所声学基本问题浅析

对北京和长沙两地某高端KTV会所内的扩声系统声学特性进行了测量和音质主观评测,并进行了对比分析,结合长沙会所现场的声学情况进给出了声学改进意见。对改造前后长沙会所的混响时间频率特性、本底噪声、声场不均匀度、传输频率特性、传声增益等声学指标进行了客观测量和主观评价,结果表明对长沙某高端KTV会所的声学改造效果明显。通过该项目总结了此类场所在声学上值得注意的问题。     

采用随机相位技术的啸叫抑制方法

对于扩声系统,如果其音量开得过大,会遇到声音反馈引起的啸叫问题。目前大多数啸叫抑制方法会对语音音质产生影响。提出采用基于时变全通滤波器的随机相位技术对输入信号的相位进行处理。由于人耳对声音相位不敏感,采用该方法对语音音质的影响较小。实验结果表明,该方法可有效抑制啸叫,同时对语音质量也不产生明显影响。     

SMD石英晶体抗高过载性能的研究

为了研究SMD石英晶体的抗高过载能力,采用自由式霍普金森压杆对7050、6035、5032、3225、3225(一级加固)、3225(二级加固)六种型号SMD石英晶体进行高过载环境下的动态加载测试。结果表明,在高过载条件下,SMD石英晶体的抗高过载性能随尺寸减小而不断提高,并且产品经历高过载环境后电气参数的不良率逐步降低。未经过加固处理的各型号SMD石英晶体(7050、6035、5032、3225)经过高过载试验(50 000~80 000 g)后,电气参数均出现超差,不能满足武器系统的要求。经过加固处理的SMD石英晶体样品(3225一级加固、3225二级加固)经过高过载试验可以正常工作。     

用UV激光加工高密度印制板

在本文中,讨论激光技术的几个基本概念和激光加工材料的机理及其加工实例。     

钢薄壁圆筒体的吊装

介绍了钢薄壁圆筒体吊装方法的选择及吊点位置的确定 ,对于钢薄圆筒体局部失稳进行了分析 ,提出了相应的加固措施     

高压喷射注浆法产生的超孔隙水压分析

介绍了高压喷射注浆法的作用机理 ,探讨了在施工过程中高压喷射注浆法引起的超孔隙水压。根据半无限土体中小孔扩张问题的解 ,分析了在超孔隙水压作用的瞬时 ,土体中的应力、变形等 ,并提出了经验公式。结合一具体工程事故的成功处理 ,验证了所建议超孔隙水压公式的可行性 ,同时提出了减少超孔隙水压的对策和方法。     

具有自主决策能力的机动单元智能体研究

在机动作战仿真中,具有对战场威胁快速反应和决策能力的机动单元实体才更符合实际作战的情形。为此,提出了具有自主决策功能的机动单元智能体的结构模型,它由感知、威胁预测、决策、学习和执行等部分组成;建立了用于威胁预测的神经网络模型,并将智能体的决策描述为马尔可夫决策过程(MDP)．面对复杂的决策环境,将强化学习技术运用其中,使得智能体通过不断观测新的环境状态,运用学习手段,作出最佳的策略选择。针对强化学习中状态空间大、现有算法收敛速度较慢等问题,提出了改进的SARSA(A)学习算法。仿真实验验证了强化学习下机动策略决策的有效性和改进算法的效率。     

边坡锚固工程分析中的水平条分法

对目前中国规范推荐用于边坡加固计算的垂直条分传递系数法进行研究,发现将该方法用于边坡锚固受力分析时,不仅存在垂直条块与加固结构体（锚杆和锚索）相互交叉,而且计算得出的锚固力与加固体的实际锚固力存在偏差等缺陷。在相关资料提出的、用于加筋土稳定性分析的水平条分法基础上,结合边坡锚固工程的特点,将该水平条分法做进一步拓展,使其能适用于锚杆和锚索等边坡锚固工程的稳定性计算,并通过工程实例对拓展后的水平条分法进行了验证。     

Adaptive quality of service‐based routing approaches: development of neuro‐dynamic state‐dependent reinforcement learning algorithms

In this paper, we propose two adaptive routing algorithms based on reinforcement learning. In the first algorithm, we have used a neural network to approximate the reinforcement signal, allowing the learner to take into account various parameters such as local queue size, for distance estimation. Moreover, each router uses an online learning module to optimize the path in terms of average packet delivery time, by taking into account the waiting queue states of neighbouring routers. In the second algorithm, the exploration of paths is limited to N‐best non‐loop paths in terms of hops number (number of routers in a path), leading to a substantial reduction of convergence time. The performances of the proposed algorithms are evaluated experimentally with OPNET simulator for different levels of traffic's load and compared with standard shortest‐path and Q‐routing algorithms. Our approach proves superior to classical algorithms and is able to route efficiently even when the network load varies in an irregular manner. We also tested our approach on a large network topology to proof its scalability and adaptability. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.