Study of the marine (saltwater) transgression in the palaeo-channels on the south coast plain of Laizhou Bay

The palaeochannels in the studied region are divided into four stages by such methods as 14C dating. Marine (saltwater) transgression in the palaeochannels has been studied as a focal point. Palaeochannels are the main passageway through which the seawater (saltwater) transgresses. The seawater (saltwater) transgresses at a high speed, by many means and in a changeable dynamic state.     

信江界牌枢纽工程砼防渗墙施工

简要介绍了界牌枢纽砼防渗墙施工工艺、方案和质量情况，并针对工程施工中遇到的问题，提出了具体措施。     

河南油田盐化工发展前景

简述中原盐田的资源状况，扼要介绍发展盐化工业的几种工艺路线，分析了离子膜烧碱、金属钠、液氯及其下游产品的市场状况，提出以金属钠、离子膜烧碱为龙头，走精细化工之路，发展河南油田盐化工的观点。     

太湖流域典型平原河网区降雨径流氮磷流失特征分析

通过对研究区降雨径流中氮、磷浓度的野外实验和定点监测,研究典型平原河网区的农田降雨径流氮磷流失特征及其输出规律。得出平原河网区内不同土地利用方式对土壤氮、磷流失的影响很大,同时也得出在平原河网地区氮、磷的输出浓度与降雨时间、径流大小密切相关等结论,为进一步相关研究提供资料积累。     

南水北调中线总干渠河南段左岸排水工程消能防冲优化设计

南水北调中线总干渠河南段左岸排水工程的地形地质条件复杂，数量多，覆盖面积大。本着“安全可靠、经济合理和运行维护方便”的消能防冲设计原则，针对各项工程具体条件，因地制宜地进行了下游消能防冲方案的优化设计，对降低工程造价具有重要意义。     

土坝机织模袋混凝土护坡质量控制与检测

大洼三角洲平原水库土坝护坡工程采用机织模袭混凝土新技术。质量表明，机织模袋混凝土施工技术满足设计要求，工程质量达到了标准。     

薄层特,超稠油油藏高周期蒸汽吞吐阶段开发策略研究

方法结合矿场试验，应用油藏数值模拟技术，研究组合注汽、动态配汽、强排和降粘等一系列开发策略。目的提高河南油区稠油油藏高周期蒸汽吞吐效果，实现“八五”后产能接替。结果采用面积组合注汽方式，泄油范围和产油量分别提高了0．85和0．58倍，热损失率下降了10个百分点；在前4周期累积来注比分别为0．7、0．9、1．1和1．3的情况下，后续周期最佳注汽量比前一周期分别递减10％、持平、递增10％和递增20％，此时增产油汽比最高；对油层厚度较大、供液能力较强的井，采取换大泵、调大参数等强排技术；现场实践表明：化学降粘、热洗井及伴热降粘技术，使周期生产时间延长了1．1倍，周期产油量和油汽比分别比前一周期提高了0．9和1．2倍，采注比和回来水率均提高了1．4倍，平均单井累积存水下降480t。结论改善薄层特、超稠油油藏高周期吞吐效果的关键是提高系统热效率；合理组合注汽，可有效地抑制汽窜，扩大蒸汽波及体积；动态配汽和超稠油降粘技术，可最大限度地利用地层储热；对油层厚度较大、供液能力较强的油井，必须实现强排。     

向心自润滑关节轴承受力分析及当量载荷的确定

向心关节轴承在承受载荷时，承载区各点的压应力是不等值的。在轴承无间隙与刚性假定条件下，通过受力分析计算，推导出了轴承在径向载荷作用下最大压应力与平均压应力的关系公式，确定了轴承在同时承受径向载荷与轴向载荷时最大压应力点。在理论分析计算的基础上，推导出了在工程上已给定额定载荷了的轴承当量载荷和当量载荷系数的计算公式，并确定了强度条件为选用轴承的额定载荷大于或等于当量载荷。     

平原风沙区工程建设的新增土壤流失量预测

新增土壤流失量预测是编制水土保持方案的前提.利用中国科学院兰州沙漠所的研究成果,对平原风沙区某高速公路建设所造成的新增风力侵蚀量进行预测,结果表明,工程建设期及运行2年的过程中有可能造成的风蚀总量为1 430万kg,新增890万kg,主要来自主体工程和取土场,其风蚀量占风蚀总量的比例分别达到48.4%和48.2%,说明这两部分即是布置水土保持措施的重点所在.     

Sediment dynamics and pollutant mobility in rivers: An interdisciplinary approach

Characteristic dynamic features of sediment‐related processes in rivers include dramatic effects of stormwater events on particle transport, rapid and far‐reaching effects of sulphide oxidation during resuspension, and biological accumulation and potential release of toxic chemicals. Pollutant mobility is the net result of the stabilizing and mobilizing effects in both hydraulic and chemical fields. In practice, emphasis has to be given to fine‐grained sediments and suspended matter as these materials exhibit large surface areas and high sorption capacities. Organic materials are highly reactive. Degradation of organic matter will induce oxygen depletion and might enhance formation of flocs and biofilms. Study of variations of sediment and water chemistry should predominantly include changes of pH and redox conditions, competition of dissolved ions and processes such as complexation by organic substances. Major questions relate to the potential reduction of sorption sites on minerals and degradation of organic carrier materials. All these processes will influence solution/solid equilibrium conditions and have to be studied prior to modelling the overall effects of pollutants on the water body and aquatic ecosystems. With respect to handling and remediation of contaminated river sediments, either in‐place or excavated, a chemical and biological characterization of the material, of the (disposal) site and of the long‐term processes is crucial. Passive techniques (e.g. in situ stabilization, subaqueous capping) provide economic advantages as there are no operation costs following their installation. However, the success of these ecological and geochemical engineering approaches is mainly based on an in‐depth knowledge of the underlying processes.