基于红外焦平面阵列读出结构的非均匀校正算法

空间固定图案噪声严重影响了红外探测器的成像质量,它主要是由于焦平面阵列上各探测单元对于同一辐照的光电响应不完全一致所造成。另外,多通道图像数据采集电路的非均匀性更加重了这种噪声。本文提出了一种基于红外焦平面阵列读出结构的非均匀校正算法,它将校正过程分成两步。首先利用恒定统计方法滤除由通道放大器引起的固定图案噪声,然后再将处理结果通过改进的神经网络方法,进一步校正由探测器响应而产生的非均匀性。由于该算法是递推进行,并且具有收敛速度快、计算复杂度低等优点,因此易于工程实现。文中详细阐述了算法的基本原理及其流程,并用仿真数据和真实红外数据对算法性能进行验证,取得了较好的效果。     

沈从文笔下的爱情悲剧与中国古典爱情悲剧之比较

沈从文笔下的湘西世界是优美的,但这些人物所展示的情爱世界却大都是悲剧性的。这些悲剧性的产生,有社会大环境及自然环境的恶劣,封建礼教及旧制度、旧社会陈规陋习的束缚及毒害,也有与青楼女子之间的产生了真正的爱却不能持久,还有不凑巧或因人去世而好梦难圆的悲剧。与中国古典爱情悲剧相比较,沈从文笔下的爱情悲剧有着更加宽广的外延和丰富的内涵。     

喷油器针阀偶件的耐久性和可靠性

本文应用实际装机试验和试验室精密测量相结合的方法测得工程机械柴油机喷油器针阀偶件的实际使用寿命，并对影响针阀偶件耐久性的可靠性的各种因素做了分析研究，在此基础上提出了提高国产针阀偶件质量和使用寿命的方法和措施。     

混沌在序列密码系统中的应用

混沌信号序列的产生是混沌理论应用于信息加密系统中的一个重要问题,文章讨论了混沌信号序列产生的方法,同时提出了一种以混沌信号序列为密钥的序列密码系统,阐述了该系统的优越性,并采用CPLD与MCU完成了该系统的硬件实现。     

特斯拉线圈电网络模型的宽频等值化简

针对特斯拉线圈复杂的电网络模型,提出了利用求解非线性方程和优化目标函数建立等值网络的方法。该等值网络在宽频范围内,在阻抗参数、有载增益、输入阻抗、传输功率与传输效率方面,均与原网络近似等值。该方法应用电压、电流之积计算灵敏度,方便地获得雅可比矩阵和目标函数梯度。本文方法对“网络分析与综合”课程或“电路理论”课程的师生,以及科研人员,具有切实的启发作用。     

Entropy-volume plane: a new approach to on-line calculation of refrigerant properties

Implementation of new techniques for real-time control and failure detection of HVAC & R equipment requires fast and accurate methods for on-line calculation of the thermodynamic properties of refrigerants. This Paper presents a new approach to such on-line property calculations using a technique evolved from a new specific entropy-specific volume plane. The special feature of constant temperature lines in this entropy—volume plane provides the basis for the proposed fast, simple and accurate method. The results of a case study on R12 are presented with an accuracy in temperature calculations of within 0.5°C and higher.     

Structural Abnormalities of the Optic Nerve and Retina in Huntington’s Disease Pre-Clinical and Clinical Settings

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the huntingtin protein. HD-related pathological remodelling has been reported in HD mouse models and HD carriers. In this study, we studied structural abnormalities in the optic nerve by employing Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) in pre-symptomatic HD carriers of Caucasian origin. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used to investigate ultrastructural changes in the optic nerve of the well-established R6/2 mouse model at the symptomatic stage of the disease. We found that pre-symptomatic HD carriers displayed a significant reduction in the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness, including specific quadrants: superior, inferior and temporal, but not nasal. There were no other significant irregularities in the GCC layer, at the macula level and in the optic disc morphology. The ultrastructural analysis of the optic nerve in R6/2 mice revealed a significant thinning of the myelin sheaths, with a lamellar separation of the myelin, and a presence of myelonoid bodies. We also found a significant reduction in the thickness of myelin sheaths in peripheral nerves within the choroids area. Those ultrastructural abnormalities were also observed in HD photoreceptor cells that contained severely damaged membrane disks, with evident vacuolisation and swelling. Moreover, the outer segment of retinal layers showed a progressive disintegration. Our study explored structural changes of the optic nerve in pre- and clinical settings and opens new avenues for the potential development of biomarkers that would be of great interest in HD gene therapies.     

Insights into the Pharmacokinetics and In Vitro Cell-Based Studies of the Imidazoline I2 Receptor Ligand B06

The impact of neurodegenerative diseases (ND) is becoming unbearable for humankind due to their vast prevalence and the lack of efficacious treatments. In this scenario, we focused on imidazoline I₂ receptors (I₂-IR) that are widely distributed in the brain and are altered in patients with brain disorders. We took the challenge of modulating I₂-IR by developing structurally new molecules, in particular, a family of bicyclic α-iminophosphonates, endowed with high affinity and selectivity to these receptors. Treatment of two murine models, one for age-related cognitive decline and the other for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), with representative compound B06 ameliorated their cognitive impairment and improved their behavioural condition. Furthermore, B06 revealed beneficial in vitro ADME-Tox properties. The pharmacokinetics (PK) and metabolic profile are reported to de-risk B06 for progressing in the preclinical development. To further characterize the pharmacological properties of B06, we assessed its neuroprotective properties and beneficial effect in an in vitro model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). B06 rescued the human dopaminergic cell line SH-SY5Y from death after treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and showed a crucial anti-inflammatory effect in a cellular model of neuroinflammation. This research reveals B06 as a putative candidate for advancing in the difficult path of drug discovery and supports the modulation of I₂-IR as a fresh approach for the therapy of ND.     

新一代载人飞船卫生区功能性空间优化设计研究

目的 开展中国新一代载人飞船卫生区的空间优化研究,探索功能性空间优化设计方法,提高载人飞船空间利用效率,同时提升航天员的舒适性体验。方法 以中国空间站卫生区的功能和结构为依据,探讨中国新一代载人飞船卫生区功能组件的构成;依据航天员在微重力状态下使用卫生区的动作与姿态,建立卫生区空间布置的初步概念;根据卫生区的舱壁布局、微重力下航天员视野区域及最佳操作空间分析,开展相关功能组件建模,基于卫生区的人机交互节点,利用JACK软件进行仿真分析与评估,结合评估结果改进设计方案,并通过追踪航天员活动轨迹产生的包络体完成卫生区的空间优化。结论 通过对比中国新一代载人飞船卫生区优化前后设计方案的舒适性、可操作性和空间尺寸,验证了功能性空间优化设计方法的有效性和可靠性,为载人航天器舒适性与集成化设计提供了参考。     

Extension of the applicable range of the implicit curve-fitting method for refrigerant thermodynamic properties to critical pressure

The method of implicit curve-fitting and explicit-calculation has been used for fast and stable calculations of thermodynamic properties of subcritical refrigerants. In order to extend that method to the critical pressure, a method of sectional implicit curve-fitting and explicit-calculation for refrigerant thermodynamic properties is introduced in this paper. The whole data range is divided into several subsections. The requirements on the continuity of thermodynamic properties and the first order derivative of thermodynamic properties in the intersection points of subsections are indicated, and the methods to meet the requirements are presented. Quadric equations are constructed instead of curve-fitting when no data can be given. With the source data obtained from REFPROP 7.1, explicit fast calculation formulae for thermodynamic properties of R410A, covering the saturated temperature of 213.15–344.51 K and superheat of 0–65 K, are given as an example. The calculation speeds of the formulae of R410A are more than 7000 times faster than those of REFPROP 7.1 while the total mean relative deviation of the fast calculation formulae from REFPROP 7.1 is only 0.04%.