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61.
A new efficient numerical method and the dynamic analysis of composite laminates with piezoelectric layers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Firstly, a numerical method for the inversion of Laplace transform is developed and its accuracy is shown through examples. Then, a state-vector equation for the dynamic problems of piezoelectric plates is deduced directly from a modified mixed variational principle for piezoelectric bodies and its exact solution for the dynamic problems of simply supported rectangle piezoelectric plate is simply given. For multilayered hybrid plates, we derive the solution in terms of the propagator matrices. The techniques accounts for the compatibility of generalized displacements and generalized stresses on the interface both the elastic layers and piezoelectric layers, and the transverse shear deformation and the rotary inertia of laminate are also considered in the global algebraic equation of structure. Meanwhile, there is no restriction on the thickness and the number of layers. As an application of the numerical inversion of Laplace transform presented in this paper, typical numerical examples of the harmonic vibration and transient response are proposed and discussed. Since the highly accurate numerical results, they can serve as benchmarks to test various thick plate theories and various numerical methods, such as the finite and boundary element methods for transient response problems. 相似文献
62.
In this research, Ni/SiO2 catalyst was modified with different amount of Gd2O3 and characterized with temperature-programmed desorption of CO2 (CO2-TPD) and NH3 (NH3-TPD), temperature-programmed reduction with H2 (H2-TPR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that Gd2O3-modified Ni/SiO2 catalysts possessed higher CO2 adsorption and activation ability due to the formation of surface carbonate species. H2-TPR and XRD characterizations found that the strong interaction among nickel, Gd2O3 and SiO2 took place, which improved the dispersion of Ni. Gd2O3-modified Ni/SiO2 catalysts exhibited higher activity and stability for the combined oxy-CO2 reforming of methane in fluidized-bed reactor. The H2/CO ratio in produced syngas could be controlled via controlling reaction temperature and CO2/O2 ratio in feed. 相似文献
63.
Stephan Boden Martina Bieberle Uwe Hampel 《Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996)》2008,139(2):351-362
Cone-beam type X-ray computed tomography (CBCT) is a potential method to measure three-dimensional phase distributions in vessels. An example for that is the measurement of gas profiles in stirred chemical reactors. Such data are highly valuable for the assessment and evaluation of chemical processes, for optimisation of the reactor and stirrer design, and for evaluation of computational fluid dynamics codes used to model the fluid flow and heat transfer in reactive systems. However, there are considerable difficulties for accurate quantitative measurements due to beam hardening and radiation scattering effects. In a theoretical and experimental work we have investigated the non-linear effects of both physical phenomena and developed a suitable measurement setup as well as calibration and software correction methods to achieve a highly accurate measurement of void fraction profiles with CBCT. 相似文献
64.
A new type of polysiloxane modified polyurethane–acrylic hybrid emulsion was synthesized by solvent-free method and the polysiloxane was introduced into the soft segment of polyurethane chains using dihydroxybutyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The formed film from the hybrid emulsion could provide obviously higher water-resistance property. The preparation technologies such as the content of carboxy group and acrylic monomer, the rate and the time of emulsification were discussed systematically. The chain structure and the particle size were confirmed by the analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The effect of PDMS content on the water resistance and the mechanical property were investigated by absorbed water ratio, water contact angle and dynamic mechanical measurement. 相似文献
65.
乙烯裂解炉内传递和反应过程综合数值模拟Ⅱ.反应管内传递和反应过程的数值模拟 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用乙烯裂解炉传递反应过程综合数学模型中的反应管数学模型,对工业裂解炉反应管进行了系统的数值模拟,得到了反应管内流场、温度场和浓度场的详细信息,揭示了反应管内流动、传热、传质和裂解反应的基本特点。模拟结果表明,沿反应管轴向油气吸热升温,裂解反应加剧,产物产率逐渐发生变化;沿反应管径向存在明显的流体流速和温度的变化,而产物产率的变化不如流体流速和温度的变化明显。通过比较湍流粘度和分子粘度的大小,认为29.975~30mm的径向区域为层流层,层流层的存在使得临近管壁的区域内流体流速和温度变化显著。 相似文献
66.
The aluminium species in different tea infusions were investigated, by determining their stability constants and concentration. This was done for some particular samples using a simple experimental method based on the sorption of aluminium on the strongly sorbing resin Chelex 100, by a batch procedure. From the thermodynamic information obtained it is possible to calculate the concentration of the different species, and in particular that of the free metal ion, which is very important for evaluating the adsorption of aluminium on biological membranes. It was found that aluminium in the tea infusions here considered is present at high total concentration, approximately 0.1 mM, but mainly linked to strong complexes, for instance with side reaction coefficient higher than 10(5.11) at pH 3.95 in one case (tea 1). This could be the reason for the low toxicity of aluminium in tea. These strong complexes were not dissociated even in the presence of Chelex 100. In this case only a limiting value of the reaction coefficient could be evaluated. The presence of the very strong complexes was found in all the tea sample here considered. In two of the considered samples (one black and one green tea) a part of Al(III) was linked to less strong complexes, for example with a reaction coefficient 10(4.14) (tea 2, pH 4.20). The presence in the considered tea infusions of other substances able to complex aluminium was also detected, by the well known ligand titration procedure, at concentration ranging from 0.65 to 3.37 mM in three tea infusions, and at somewhat higher concentration in the case of the ready drink, which was also considered for comparison. 相似文献
67.
68.
Adaptation of the microscopic properties of redox catalysts to the type of gas-solid reactor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Catalysts of selective oxidation usually work in a simultaneous redox mode in reactant/air cofed reactors. The solid must provide selective lattice oxygen according to a kinetic mechanism depending on operating conditions that differ from one reactor to another. Better catalytic performance can be obtained in a recirculating solids reactor because it allows separate optimization of the reduction and oxidation steps. Among the microscopic properties of the catalyst, the crystal morphology is to be taken into account because it influences its reactivity on stream. These considerations lead to a new approach of the catalyst-reaction-reactor trio. 相似文献
69.
本文主要完成了液态金属钠高温沸腾实验回路的应力分析与计算,确定了回路高温区连接管系的布置型式和支吊架系统,是该回路总体设计的重要组成部分。 相似文献
70.