纳米填料改性丁基橡胶复合材料的力学性能、芥子气防护性能和燃烧性能

以有机蒙脱土、纳米级SiO₂气凝胶和沉淀法白炭黑等具有不同粒子形状和结构特性的纳米粒子为增强填料,采用熔体共混法制备了丁基橡胶复合材料。采用SEM和XRD对复合材料的微观结构进行了表征,并研究了不同纳米填料对复合材料的力学性能、芥子气防护性能和燃烧性能的影响。结果显示：纳米级SiO₂气凝胶/丁基橡胶复合材料的力学性能最优,填充15 wt% SiO₂气凝胶的复合材料的拉伸强度和撕裂强度分别比丁基橡胶硫化胶提高了9倍和2.2倍。复合材料的芥子气防护性能与纳米填料的粒子形状有密切的关系,填充15 wt%层片状结构有机蒙脱土的复合材料的芥子气防护时间达到了21h以上,明显优于填充近似球形粒子的纳米级SiO₂气凝胶和白炭黑的复合材料的防护性能。然而纳米填料使复合材料的氧指数和氧化分解温度只有少量提高,阻燃性能改善有限。     

不同印度铁矿粉配比烧结矿的显微结构对烧结性能的影响

 在唐山不锈钢烧结厂原料条件下配加不同比例的印度铁矿粉进行烧结试验。结果表明,随烧结原料中印度铁矿粉配比的增加,烧结矿显微结构由交织熔蚀结构向斑状 粒状结构再向交织熔蚀结构和骸晶结构过渡,其中交织熔蚀结构的冷强度较高,斑状 粒状结构的冷强度较低,骸晶结构则恶化低温还原粉化性能。     

Ultrafast Photocatalytic Detoxification of Mustard Gas Simulants by a Mesoporous Metal–Organic Framework with Dangling Porphyrin Molecules

Developing effective catalysts to degrade chemical warfare agents is of great significance. Herein, a mesoporous MIL-101(Cr) composite material dangled with porphyrin molecules (denote as TCPP@MIL-101(Cr), TCPP = tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin) is reported, which can be used as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for detoxification of mustard gas simulants 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) to 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfoxide (CEESO) with a half-life of 1 min. The catalytic performance of TCPP@MIL-101(Cr) is comparable to that of homogeneous molecular porphyrin. Mechanistic studies reveal that both ¹O₂ and O₂^•− are efficiently generated and play vital roles in the oxidation reaction. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are attached to the TCPP@MIL-101(Cr) to further enhance the catalytic activity with a benchmark half-life of 45 s, which is the fastest record so far. A medical mask loaded TCPP@MIL-101(Cr) is fabricated for practical applications, which can selectively photoxidize CEES to CEESO under sunlight and air atmosphere, exhibiting the best degradation performance among the reported fabric-like composite materials.