Movement characteristics of Karst water in a deep mining area

In order to study the movement characteristics of groundwater in a deep mining area and solve the dispute of the distri-bution rule of hydro-chemical zoning which is contradicted by lixiviation water zoning in a horizontal direction, we directed our attention to the source of deep groundwater, its seepage and hydro-chemical characteristics in a typical mining area. We used a neotectonic water-control theory, chemical and isotope methods, as well as a method for analyzing dynamic groundwater conditions. The results indicate that 1) Karst water in the deep and medium parts of this mining area is recharged by vertical leakage through neotectonic fractures rather than seepage along strata from subcrop parts or surrounding flows; 2) from surface to deep leakage paths, the variation in the types of chemical groundwater agrees with the normal lixiviation water distribution rule and the age of mixed groundwater increases; 3) the water-rich zones along neotectonic fractures correspond with water-diluted zones in a hori-zontal direction; 4) the leakage coefficient and water capacity of aquifers increases during the flow process of Kant water along the antidip direction (from west to east) and 5) Karst water in shallow mining areas forms a strong runoff belt along strikes and quickly dilutes the water from deep and medium mining areas. Overall, chemical and dynamic water characteristics actually agree with in terms of the entire consideration for differences in vertical leakage and abnormalities in the zone of water chemical distribution, along a horizontal runoff direction.     

基于并行预测控制的Turbo码译码结构

提出一种基于并行预测控制的Turbo码译码结构. 通过建立预测控制模块(PCA)来预测分量译码器第n+1次的译码外部信息值. 相比于传统的并行译码方案,基于PCA模块的PPC-Turbo结构可以降低译码算法的复杂度,并减少译码时延. 通过对单次外部信息值预测（6～9次）及复次外部信息值预测（6+8、7+9次）,对比了外部信息预测的变化趋势及不同帧长（1?024、512、256、128、64帧）情况下的译码时延,验证了译码时延的减少. 在帧长为1?024、信噪比为0～2?dB时,对译码器2第6～8次的外部信息进行了单次预测,比较了PPC-Turbo与Turbo的误比特率(BER)性能,结果表明,两者的BER非常接近,预测控制模块可以代替分量译码器的一次译码迭代.     

优化SVR的加权马尔可夫链用电量预测

研究电力系统中用电量的准确预测问题.由于影响用电量的因素众多,并且用电量数据与相关因素之间呈现高度的非线性关系,传统的预测方法很难捕捉用电量的变化趋势,预测精度较低.为了提高预测的精度,提出了一种马尔可夫链优化的SVR模型.上述模型根据支持向量回归机原理,以网络搜索交叉验证的思想优化模型参数,通过加权马尔可夫链原理优化预测结果,将原来的数值预测转化为概率区间上的预测.同时,在利用加权马尔可夫链的预测信息之后,也提高了预测的精度.最后,将改进模型应用于江苏省全社会用电量的预测分析,实验结果表明优化的支持向量模型优于其它对比模型,有较高的泛化能力和预测精度.     

Fitts＇定律实验的设计与实现

首先,介绍了Fitts＇定律,然后,设计了验证Fitts＇定律的实验,最后,使用Matlab7.0.1对数据进行了统计和分析.实验结果有效地验证了Fitts＇定律,并且Fitts＇ Law（错误率为4％）得到的预测模型精度高于通过“effective width”Fitts＇ Law得到的预测模型.     

New empirical model to evaluate groundwater flow into circular tunnel using multiple regression analysis

There are various analytical, empirical and numerical methods to calculate groundwater inflow into tunnels excavated in rocky media. Analytical methods have been widely applied in prediction of groundwater inflow to tunnels due to their simplicity and practical base theory. Investigations show that the real amount of water infiltrating into jointed tunnels is much less than calculated amount using analytical methods and obtained results are very dependent on tunnel‘s geometry and environmental situations.In this study, using multiple regression analysis, a new empirical model for estimation of groundwater seepage into circular tunnels was introduced. Our data was acquired from field surveys and laboratory analysis of core samples. New regression variables were defined after perusing single and two variables relationship between groundwater seepage and other variables. Finally, an appropriate model for estimation of leakage was obtained using the stepwise algorithm. Statistics like R, R~2, R_P~2 and the histogram of residual values in the model represent a good reputation and fitness for this model to estimate the groundwater seepage into tunnels. The new experimental model was used for the test data and results were satisfactory. Therefore, multiple regression analysis is an effective and efficient way to estimate the groundwater seepage into tunnels.     

Groundwater impact of open cut coal mine and an assessment methodology: A case study in NSW

Large scale open cut coal mining operations have significant impacts to groundwater in surrounding areas in both active and post-mining phases. The prediction of water inflows into a surface mine excavation is one of the many components involved in mine design phase. Groundwater performance also reacts to mining activities from the operational, economic and safety implications perspective. Under NSW planning legislation, as part of the comprehensive risk assessment, a groundwater impact assessment has to be conducted for a coal project to predict and mitigate the impacts in consideration of the government requirements. In this paper, the groundwater assessment modelling of mine pits was discussed in predicting of groundwater inflows and reviewing analytical and numerical approaches. A methodology of groundwater impact assessment for an open cut mine in NSW with a three-dimensional groundwater flow model Modflow Surfact demonstrated its functions in simulating the project's impacts on the groundwater regime. The key findings with mitigations are discussed and recommended in the paper to reduce impacts on groundwater and fulfil regulation requirements in NSW.     

Non-destructive testing and pre-warning analysis on the quality of bolt support in deep roadways of mining districts

The bolt support quality of coal roadways is one of the important factors for the efficiency and security of coal production. By means of a self-developed technique and equipment of random non-destructive testing, non-destructive detection and pre-warning analysis on the quality of bolt support in deep roadways of mining districts were performed in a number of mining areas. The measured data were obtained in the detection instances of abnormal in-situ stress and support invalidation etc. The corresponding relation between axial bolt load variation and roadway surrounding rock deformation and stability was summarized in different mining service stages. Pre-warning technology of roadway surrounding rock stability is proposed based on the detection of axial bolt load. Meanwhile, pre-warning indicators of axial bolt load in different mining service stages are offered and some successful pre-warning cases are also illustrated.The research results show that the change rules of axial bolt load in different mining service stages are quite similar in different mining areas. The change of axial bolt load is in accord with the adjustment of surrounding rock stress, which can consequently reflect the deformation and stability state of roadway surrounding rock. Through the detection of axial bolt load in different sections of roadways, the status of real-time bolt support quality can be reflected; meanwhile, the rationality of bolt support design can be evaluated which provides reference for bolting parameters optimization.     

广西德保岩溶内涝灾害风险评价

利用基于Arc GIS技术和层次分析法的灾害风险评价模型对广西德保县岩溶内涝灾害进行风险评价,以期为防治岩溶内涝灾害提供科学依据。综合比较德保县降雨条件、社会经济与自然环境等因素,利用层次分析法确定各因子权重,然后利用Arc GIS技术得到德保县岩溶内涝灾害危险性、易损性和风险区划图。风险评价结果表明:广西德保县岩溶内涝高风险区主要集中在人口密集的城关镇,较高风险区主要分布在耕地面积分布较广的北部地区,而东部及西部地区的内涝灾害风险较低。     

混沌理论在电力系统负荷预测中应用综述

电力系统负荷的准确预测,对电力系统安全、高效运行有重要作用。负荷存在混沌特性,而基于混沌理论的预测较好地刻画了负荷物理属性,预测精度高。并主要介绍了混沌理论在负荷预测中的应用。首先,概述了基于混沌理论预测的机理,介绍了几种混沌特性判别的方法。然后,介绍了几种预测模型。最后,对现有预测模型总结和展望。     

饱水对岩溶灰岩力学性质与纵波波速的影响

为研究饱水对岩溶灰岩力学性质和纵波波速的影响,进行自然和饱水状态下岩样的力学性能和弹性波测试。试验结果表明:饱水对岩溶灰岩的单轴抗拉强度、抗拉强度和弹性模量有明显的软化作用,饱水状态试样的峰值应变和泊松比整体上大于自然状态的对应值;岩溶灰岩试样在饱水条件下的纵波波速均明显高于自然状态下的纵波波速,试样的单轴抗压强度和抗拉强度与纵波波速具有较高的线性相关性。基于目前的研究现状,阐述了研究成果在隧道与周边高压充填隐伏溶腔间防突岩层稳定性评价及最小防突厚度确定中的应用。