Absence of 2'-deoxyguanosine-carbon 8-bound ochratoxin A adduct in rat kidney DNA monitored by isotope dilution LC-MS/MS

The contribution of DNA adduct formation in the carcinogenic action of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) has been subject to much debate. Recently, a carbon-bonded ochratoxin A-2'-deoxyguanosine adduct (dGuoOTA) formed by photochemical reaction in vitro has been shown by 32P-postlabeling/TLC to comigrate with a spot detected in DNA isolated from rat and pig kidney following exposure to OTA. Considering the large body of evidence arguing against covalent DNA binding of OTA and the poor resolution and specificity of postlabeling analysis, we developed a stable isotope dilution LC-MS/MS method to analyze dGuoOTA in kidney DNA isolated from rats treated with OTA. dGuoOTA and nitrogen-15-labeled dGuoOTA (15N(5)-dGuoOTA) were prepared by photoirradiation of OTA in the presence of dGuo or nitrogen-15-labeled dGuo. Conditions for DNA hydrolysis were optimized using a synthetic oligonucleotide containing dGuoOTA to ensure complete release of dGuoOTA. The LOD of the method (S/N > 3) was 10 fmol dGuoOTA on-column. However, dGuoOTA was not detected in DNA samples isolated from male F344 rats treated with OTA for up to 90 days at doses known to cause renal tumor formation. Detection limits, calculated for each individual sample based on the absolute LOD and the amount of DNA injected, were as low as 3.5 dGuoOTA/10(9) nucleotides. These data are consistent with previous results showing lack of DNA adduct formation by OTA and demonstrate that dGuoOTA is not formed in biologically relevant amounts under physiological conditions in vivo.     

Porous Se@SiO2 nanospheres inhibit calcium oxalate kidney stone formation by oxidation resistance

The prevalence of kidney stones continues to increase worldwide, however, there are still short of effective drugs against urinary stones. In our study, we developed and utilized porous Se@SiO₂ nanospheres as the novel antioxidant agent to detect its potential effects on crystallization inhibition. Porous Se@SiO₂ nanospheres enable to deliver Se sustainably with lower cytotoxicity and preferred biocompatibility. In vivo, we found that porous Se@SiO₂ nanospheres markedly decreased CaOX crystal deposition in renal parenchyma and alleviated kidney oxidative damage. In vitro, we found that the antioxidant effects of porous Se@SiO₂ nanospheres were mediated by upregulation of HO-1 and activation of Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. These results suggests that porous Se@SiO₂ nanospheres may be a new promising therapeutic option for stone formers.     

基于DYOLO神经网络的超声图像肾脏检测

为便于慢性肾脏疾病的计算机辅助诊断,提出一种基于DYOLO神经网络学习模型的自动超声图像肾脏检测方法.将YOLOv3和可变形卷积网络集成在一个端到端学习框架中,使得DYOLO可根据肾脏的大小和形状自适应调节接收域,以适应肾脏的各种纹理特征形变,实现临床超声图像中肾脏的自动检测.在自制KidneyDetec超声图像肾脏检...     

Immunochemical detection of apramycin as a contaminant in tissues of edible animals

Veterinary aminoglycoside antibiotic apramycin (AP) was used as hapten in different conjugation procedures for preparation of immunogen and coating antigens. Among the coating antigens one was chosen to ensure strictly selective determination of AP with no cross-reactivity of related analogs. The limit of competitive ELISA detection was 0.015 ng/ml for swine kidney and bovine muscle extracts. The dynamic range IC₂₀–IC₈₀ was calculated as 0.03–1.8 ng/ml (0.15–9 μg/kg). High sensitivity of assay allowed eliminating matrix effect of samples by simple dilution of tissue extracts. The experiments with tissue samples fortified with AP at half, single and double MRL values showed the recovery rate of 85–105%. Along with the other immunotests and kits for determination of aminoglycosides this for the first time developed assay of apramycin is suitable for screening of antibiotic residues in foodstuff.     

Fabry氏病肾活检的电镜诊断

本文报道一例女性Ｆａｂｒｙ氏病的肾脏超微结构表现。该病人除了持续性蛋白尿外，无其它临床症状，电镜下见肾小球脏层上皮细胞胞质内充满嗜锇性，同心圆状的髓鞘样小体，其致密层呈现明暗带相间的结构。本文对电镜在Ｆａｂｒｙ氏病诊断中的作用进行了讨论。     

~（89）Sr在模拟陆生－水生生态系中的行为

研究了（８９）Ｓｒ在陆地作物菜豆中的积累动态及对水体的影响。结果表明，土壤中的（８９）Ｓｒ较迅速地向菜豆转移，其比活度与时间成指数正相关，而土壤中（８９）Ｓｒ的比活度与深度呈指数负相关。通过雨水淋溶和渗漏，土壤中的（８９）Ｓｒ约５％进入水体；水体内各组分的分配为池水较低，底泥较高；而水生生物中金鱼藻较低，鱼和螺蛳中最高，表现了鱼和螺蛳对水体中的（８９）Ｓｒ有较大的浓集作用。     

Direct evaluation of fluorescence in single renal epithelial cells using a mitochondrial probe (DASPMI)

The study of distribution and quantitation of a fluorescent probe in living epithelia with the aid of an inverted microscope requires that individual cells can be analysed without optical interference from adjacent cells. This report describes the application of fluorescence microscopy and fluorometry to a recently developed in vitro culture system of renal epithelial cells. Epithelial cells derived from the mammalian renal cortical collecting tubule (CT) and the thick ascending loop of Henle (TAL) are cultivated as continuous monolayers in serum-free, hormone-supplemented media. A specific mitochondrial marker (DASPMI) is added to the medium and incorporated into the cytoplasm. The microscopic image reveals that the mitochondrial fluorescence distribution differs between CT and TAL cultures. The fluorometric quantitation shows a normally distributed histogram of medium-range intensity in TAL cell cultures while CT cultures exhibit a two-peak pattern of mitochondrial fluorescence distribution among epithelial cells.     

Measurement of urea, creatinine and urea to creatinine ratio using enzyme based chemical current conveyor (CCCII+)

A system potentially capable of providing continuous analogue computation of (i) urea concentration, (ii) creatinine concentration and (iii) urea-to-creatinine ratio, important markers for the prediction of renal failure is described. The system utilises two enzyme modified chemical current-conveyors, CCCII+, to obtain the outputs directly related to the urea and creatinine concentrations. The devices have been separately prepared by immobilising urease and creatinine deiminase (CD) enzymes onto the input ISFET surfaces. The primary experimental results of the system demonstrate a linear response covering a normal physiological range of urea between 2.5 and 8.3 mM and creatinine between 44 and 106 μM. We propose that this system has the potential for real-time monitoring and suitable for medical determination for renal dysfunctionality.     

Life‐threatening spontaneous kidney rupture in a rare case with systemic lupus erythematosus: Prompt diagnosis with computed tomography

Nontraumatic, spontaneous parenchymal kidney rupture is a rare clinical entity that may cause extensive hemorrhage, hypovolemic shock, and death. Spontaneous nontraumatic kidney rupture is extremely rare in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Because of the high morbidity and mortality rates, an immediate establishment of the diagnosis and treatment are necessary. We present the case of a 30‐year‐old female with spontaneous parenchymal rupture of the right kidney who had renal failure due to SLE and presented with atraumatic sudden right flank pain during hemodialysis treatment. To our knowledge, this case is the second report of SLE manifesting as spontaneous kidney rupture in the literature.