Spatio-temporal dynamics and evolution of land use change and landscape pattern in response to rapid urbanization

Analyzing spatio-temporal characteristics of land use change is essential for understanding and assessing ecological consequence of urbanization. More importantly, such analysis can provide basic information for appropriate decision-making. By integrating historical high spatial-resolution SPOT images and spatial metrics, this study explored the spatio-temporal dynamics and evolution of land use change and landscape pattern in response to the rapid urbanization process of a booming-developing city in China from 1996 to 2006. Accurate and consistent land use change information was first extracted by the change detection method proposed in this study. The changes of landscape pattern were then analyzed using a series of spatial metrics which were derived from FRAGSTATS software. The results indicated that the rapid urbanization process has brought about enormous land use changes and urban growth at an unprecedented scale and rate and, consequently, given rise to substantial impacts on the landscape pattern. Findings further revealed that cropland and water were the major land use types developed for urban sprawl. Meanwhile, the landscape pattern underwent fundamental transition from agricultural-land-use dominant landscape to urban-land-use dominant landscape spanning the 10 years. The results not only confirmed the applicability and effectiveness of the combined method of remote sensing and metrics, but also revealed notable spatio-temporal features of land use change and landscape pattern dynamics throughout the different time periods (1996–2000, 2000–2003 and 2003–2006).     

Developing decision support tools for the selection of “gentle” remediation approaches

A range of tools have been proposed to support decision making in contaminated land remediation. From a European perspective it is clear, however, that there are considerable national differences in the decision support process, and more generally in the extent to which this process supports the selection of less invasive, alternative remediation options such as phytoremediation, in situ immobilisation etc. (referred to here as “gentle” remediation technologies). In this paper we present results from the recently completed European Union ERANET SNOWMAN project SUMATECS (Sustainable Management of Trace Element Contaminated Sites), and critically review available decision support tools in terms of their fitness for purpose for the application of gentle remediation technologies. Stakeholder feedback indicates a lack of knowledge amongst stakeholders of currently available decision support tools. We propose that decision support which focuses on gentle remediation is more strongly incorporated into existing, well-established (national) decision support tools / decision-frameworks, to promote more widespread use and uptake.     

借鉴英国经验完善中国土地产权流转

本文在简要介绍中、英两国土地产权制度和土地产权流转的基础上，分析了我国土地产权流转过程中出现的问题，如征地过程中的赔偿过低且不完善、国有土地拆迁补偿不公以及补偿的分配方式不公平等问题。由于英国在土地制度方面与中国的相似性，文章借鉴英国土地补偿中的补偿金与改善金相结合原则、土地使用权的租赁行为以及开发收益回馈社会的方法，为完善和健全我国的土地产权流转机制提出措施和建议。     

高效减水剂对水泥水化性能的作用

通过对水泥水化过程的分析,阐述了高效减水剂在水泥水化过程中的作用与影响,探讨了高效减水剂与水泥的适应性,以及高效减水剂对混凝土如坍落度损失等施工性能的影响。     

‘Land for infrastructure’ in Ho Chi Minh City: land-based financing of transportation improvement

This paper explores how land-based financing mechanisms are currently used in Ho Chi Minh City as a public-private funding strategy. The Land-for-Infrastructure (LFI) mechanism appears as a solution to produce infrastructures. We found that the implementation of the LFI mechanism remains difficult, but eventually can lead to success. By ‘trial-error-transcend,’ the City managed to build two essential roads while the developers received attractive investment opportunities in urban development. This mechanism cannot, however, be seen as a panacea for the local authorities due to constraints to replicate it and potential undesired ‘side effects.’     

LOCAL KNOWLEDGE OF SWIDDEN FARMERS AND CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABLE LAND USE: LESSONS FROM A WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROJECT IN NORTHERN LAOS

In Laos, located in mainland Southeast Asia, shifting cultivation has been one of the important means of livelihood, in terms of food security as well as religious and cultural anchorage, for local communities in a number of areas, especially in upland areas in the country. In Pakbeng District, Oudomxay Province, northern Laos, due to the implementation of various land and forest management policies and a village relocation and consolidation program, local communities were restricted from access to the forests and faced a shortage of agricultural lands. After facing difficulties in securing sufficient lands, the local farmers used the forests in a destructive manner. The author of this article was engaged with the Community-based Watershed Management Project, as a program director of an environmental NGO and tackled challenges to achieve a land and forest management system suitable for land use by local communities. The NGO attempted to apply an alternative approach to incorporate swidden farmers’ land use system into official land and forest management institutions.     

寻找失落的家园——韩国首尔市兰芝岛世界杯公园生态恢复设计

在20世纪70—90年代韩国经济高速成长时期,兰芝岛曾经是首尔市最主要的垃圾填埋场,因紧邻2002年世界杯足球赛上岩赛场而成为整个比赛场地的重要组成部分。在世界杯足球赛体育场馆建设过程中,兰芝岛被改造成为一座环境亲和型的城市公园。通过对兰芝岛垃圾山垃圾的形成、土地利用方式的选择和公园建设过程的回顾,总结了首尔世界杯公园的规划途径和公园设计过程中受污染场地受损生态系统修复所使用的基本方法,并指出对中国城市公园建设的借鉴意义。     

论经营性土地竞拍的最高举牌价格

本文通过对城市规划、市场需求和投资目标三大关系的思考,探索了在满足城市规划要求的前提下以详细调研的市场需求为契机如何以尽可能简单的方式来在土地竞拍时确定最高举拍价格的方法,对参加土地竞拍者有一定参考价值。     

基于土地价值的城市规划对房地产开发作用的评价研究——以上海金山新城中心区房地产开发项目评价为例

1城市规划是决定房地产开发及其动态变化的关键性因素之一。探讨城市规划和房地产开发之间的关系,并以上海金山新城近5年来开发的房地产项目为案例进行了实证研究,剖析了城市规划与房地产开发之间的关系,建立了基于土地价值的城市规划对房地产开发作用的评价方法。最后,对基于地价动态评估的城市规划设计、编制及实施管理体系的改进进行了深入探讨。     

城市土地需求分析

本文介绍城市土地需求预测的分析技术。城市土地需求预测的一般逻辑是：（1）首先根据城市功能预测住宅．工业和商业．公共空间所需的城市建筑空间需求；（2）根据市场或城市规划以及城市发展政策，确定城市发展强度；（3）最后确定土地发展参数。本文介绍的比例参数和线性外推方法简单、成本低、对数据要求不高，因此对中小城市或地区，特别是发展稳定的地区，是一个相对比较可行并且可靠的方法。