横向载荷对含表面裂纹对焊接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率影响的研究

研究了双向载荷作用下对焊接头表面裂纹的疲劳扩展规律。采用经精确标定应力强度因子幅值的双向十字形试样,在电液伺服双轴向疲劳试验机上对母材分别为16MnR 和 Q235-B 这两种钢的对焊试板进行了疲劳裂纹扩展试验。同时,将其结果分别与单向应力下对焊接头及母材的疲劳扩展速率进行了比较,为制定我国在役压力容器缺陷评定规范提供了参考数据。     

粘结层性能对预应力CFRP布加固RC梁疲劳性能的影响

目前,对预应力CFRP布加固损伤梁疲劳性能的研究很少。本试验完善了预应力CFRP布张拉锚固装置,并设计了一套杠杆型疲劳试验加载体系。进行1根预应力硬粘结加固梁和1根预应力软粘结加固梁的疲劳试验,试验结果表明:采用软粘结可以推迟或避免CFRP布剥离破坏的发生。相比于硬粘结层,软粘结层良好的韧性可以在裂缝附近的粘结界面提供更大的剪切变形能力,能有效改善裂缝出现后CFRP布的受力环境,并且使梁的变形能力得到明显的提高。同时,因软粘结的"时滞"特点,在疲劳循环荷载作用下,软粘结层对改善加固梁的刚度特征能发挥有利的作用。     

计算机优化物流环节在船舶配载上的应用

针对目前国内船舶配载的现状 ,根据船舶配载的特殊性 ,以及对平衡性、强度、装载量和装载顺序等方面的要求 ,设计了船舶配载模型 ,经实践证明 ,优化了物流环节 ,加快了物流速度 ,提高了码头利用率     

西瓜子破壳力学特性的影响因素

目的：对西瓜子破壳载荷的影响因素进行研究，为其破壳加工工艺提供理论依据；方法：设计西瓜子挤压破壳试验，对影响西瓜子破壳载荷的不同因素：加载位置、加载速率、西瓜子宽度和含水率进行研究，求出回归方程并进行方差分析；结果：加载位置应位于西瓜子最大宽度两侧；西瓜子的含水率是影响破壳载荷的显著因素，适当增加可以减小破壳载荷并降低能耗；根据西瓜子宽度设置挤压间隙，增大加载速率可提高生产效率，这2个因素都不影响破壳载荷。     

顶管爆破中地表质点振动的数值模拟研究

为有效地预测地下顶管爆破所产生的爆破振动对地表结构的影响,基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,采用分步数值模拟技术并结合实际装药对顶管爆破进行了数值模拟。在控制爆破振动速度为1.0cm/s的情况下,爆破振动危害影响范围为15m,并与现场实测结果进行了对比分析。数值模拟结果与现场所测数据较为吻合,可为同类顶管爆破方案设计中振动效应的控制和计算提供一种新的途径。     

基于最优潮流并计及静态电压稳定性约束的区域间可用输电能力计算

可用输电能力(ATC)是衡量电力系统在安全稳定运行的前提下区域间功率交换能力的指标。文中基于最优潮流(OPF)方法，建立起符合电力市场交易机制的ATC计算模型，其中考虑到输电线路故障对系统静态电压稳定性的影响，加入线路N-1故障时广义参数化形式的潮流方程及相应的不等式约束条件，使系统在故障时仍有负荷裕度，以保持电压稳定；以支路功率和系统负荷裕度之间的灵敏度指标进行预想故障选择，并用原对偶内点法计算得到输电线路N-1安全约束下的区域间可用输电能力。IEEE30和IEEE118节点系统算例表明该模型和算法的正确性与有效性。     

空气静压圆柱轴承结构参数匹配关系的研究

研究了低偏心率下轴承平均半径间隙和节流孔直径对空气静压圆柱轴承承载特性的影响，导出了轴承平均半径间隙与节流孔直径之间的最佳匹配关系式．对空气静压圆柱轴承的设计与制造具有一定的指导意义．     

混流式水轮机转轮通用载荷谱的编制

本文研宄了在获得若干个混流式水轮机转轮载荷谱的条件下,如何编制混流式水轮机转轮通用载荷谱的问题,提出了一种多工况载荷谱合成的新方法。     

In-core fuel management strategy for the basket-fuel-assembly molten salt reactor

Molten salt reactor, with good economics and inherent reliability, is one of the six types of Generation IV candidate reactors. The Basket-Fuel-Assembly Molten Salt Reactor(BFAMSR) is a new concept design based on fuel assemblies composed of fuel pebbles made of TRISOcoated particles. Four refueling patterns, similar to the fuel management strategy for water reactors, are designed and analyzed for BFAMSR in terms of economy and security.The MCNPX is employed to calculate the parameters, such as the total duration time, cycle length, discharge burnup,total discharge quantity of ~(235)U, total discharge quantity of ~(239)Pu, neutron flux distribution and power distribution. The in–out loading pattern has the highest burnup and duration time, the worst neutron flux and power distribution and the lowest neutron leakage. The out–in pattern possesses the most uniform neutron flux distribution, the lowest burnup and total duration time, and the highest neutron leakage.The out–in partition alternate pattern has slightly higher burnup, longer total duration time and smaller neutron leakage than that of the out–in loading pattern at the cost of sacrificing some neutron flux distribution and power distribution. However, its alternative distribution of fuelelements cut down the refueling time. The low-leakage pattern is the second highest in burnup, and total duration time, and its neutron flux and power distributions are the second most uniform.     

Loading rate effect on the mechanical behavior of brittle longmaxi shale in nanoindentation

Understanding the properties of sedimentary rock shale is critical for wellbore stability and hydraulic fracturing design in unconventional shale gas extraction. The mechanical properties of shale are a function of various environmental factors, such as stress, temperature, saturation and loading rate. Thus, in this study, the loading rate effect on the mechanical behavior of shale using nanoindentation was investigated. Nanoindentation tests were performed at a peak load of 500 mN and loading rates of 5–30 mN/s. In addition, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to identify the composition of the selected shales, and reveal the target sample is brittle. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were performed to determine the surface morphology and demonstrate the existence of pile up and sink-in events. The results of the nanoindentation study indicate that the material behavior of rock depends on the loading rate at the nanoscale: with the increase in the loading rate, the contact hardness, Young's modulus, yield stress and indentation shear stress gradually increase. However, final penetration depths, the contact penetration depths, the maximum penetration depths and the contact stiffness decrease with increasing loading rates. Pop-ins were imperceptible at both the low and high loading rates, reflecting that the shale is brittle. Comparison of the pressure hardening coefficient in the elastic–plastic yield criterion model and the strain hardening coefficient in the strain rate sensitivity model indicates that shale is more sensitive to pressure hardening than strain hardening. A discussion regarding the uncertainty of evaluating the mechanical properties via nanoindentation indicates that the contact surface determination and the loading rate control are both critical to obtain a meaningful value for the mechanical parameters.