茂金属聚乙烯工业化前景及市场预测

介绍了国外茂金属聚乙烯工业化发展状况;预测了茂金属聚乙烯2000-2005年的市场状况;简略说明了我国茂金属催化剂及聚烯烃开发现状并对今后发展提出建议。     

我国石化产品市场正在与国际市场接轨

介绍了我国主要石化产品市场的供需缺口和对进口的依赖情况 ;根据我国对石化产品生产的有关规定和进口关税 ,指出我国石化产品市场已基本放开 ;说明了我国大型石化企业的产品具备一定的竞争力。     

充满机遇与挑战的中国化妆品业

１９９９年中国化妆品工业平稳发展,名牌产品为市场主导。市场竞争激烈。厂家不断推出新品,销售触角直接指出消费者,并指出化妆品包括进口化妆品质量值得重视。２０００年中国将加入世贸组织,中国化妆品行业是机遇与挑战并存,中国化妆品的市场必须国际市场国际化。     

Situation of China's Refractories Industry in Last Sixty Years

The annual output of China's refractories in 1949 was 74 thousand tons,and was 29.11 million tons in 2007,which was 65% of the world total refractories output.The export of China's refractory products and raw materials in 2008 was 6.18 million tons,which were exported to hundreds of countries and regions in the world.China is a big country in the field of refractories production and refractories export,which has devoted a lot to relative high temperature industry.     

The Role of Catalysis in Determining Men’s Quality of Life

Modern civilization, whose spectacular development took place in the second half of XX century as the result of scientific and information revolution has six characteristic features: (1) it is a mass civilization, (2) it is mobile, (3) it is global, (4) it is free of the spectre of famine, (5) it is built on informatics, (6) human lifespan is steadily prolonged. In order to achieve these goals it was necessary to invent thousands new materials and to find out methods of their fast and cheap production in large quantities. The unique possibility of the fast and selective production of the desired chemical molecules, required to obtain a material with defined properties, is offered by catalysis. Catalysis comprises technological processes of the largest scale, such as catalytic cracking of billions tons of crude oil per year and smallest scale enzymatic reactions with micrograms of product formed with 100% chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity. With the rapidly growing earth’s population increasingly important becomes not only the production of materials needed in our modern society, but also the destruction of undesired by-products of its activities, making the application of catalysis to pollution control one of important tasks. The progress of catalysis, both science and technology, was in the last 50 years driven by the development in five fields: (1) new materials, particularly those based on the principle of molecular imprinting (use of templates), (2) application of new surface science techniques to identify active sites and surface reaction intermediates, (3) quantum chemical modeling of elementary steps of catalytic reactions, (4) design of new reactors, (5) development of computational catalysis, (6) development of new ways for carrying catalytic reactions, (7) biocatalysis using enzymes, modified by mutagenesis and recombination techniques to make them selective and active in conditions of the desired technological process. Application of molecular sieves, catalytic antibodies, metallocene catalysts, asymmetric catalysis, fuel cells, control of automotive exhaust are described and pending change of the paradigm of catalysis is discussed.     

西部煤的热解特性及动力学研究

采用热重和红外分析法从升温速率与样品粒径的相关性等方面对平朔煤和神东煤的热解特性进行研究,并从动力学上进行分析.结果表明,随升温速率增大,煤样热解反应的初始温度、终止温度以及最大失重速率对应的温度都逐渐升高,但对粒径较小的煤样来说,这些特性温度增加的幅度较大,而最大失重率没有表现出一定的规律性;煤样粒径对热解也有一些影响,但最大失重速率与样品粒径的关系不大.随升温速率增大,热解活化能和频率因子呈现出先增大后减小的趋势.     

国产间位芳纶纸蜂窝性能的研究

使用国产间位芳纶纸制造蜂窝,研究了国产间芳纶纸蜂窝的主要力学性能及物理性能。结果表明：国产间位芳纶纸蜂窝主要力学性能基本能够达到美国杜邦间位芳纶纸蜂窝的性能,满足民用芳纶纸蜂窝的使用要求。     

海水西调用于火力发电的研究

分析了海水由渤海西调用于冷却我国北方众多的空冷火电机组的可行性.计算表明,如果全部利用海水来冷却我国已投运和将投运的空冷火力发电机组,则每年可以节省标煤近800万t,减少CO_2排放2000多万t,同时能够向当地大气蒸发水汽10亿多t,获取粗盐3 000万t以上,经济与生态效益显著.海水西调远期效益包括缓解我国西北土地荒漠化现象,增加可利用土壤面积,降低沙尘暴发生频率等.     

我国对清洁生产的鼓励政策

介绍了清洁生产的概念和国内外开展清洁生产的现状,重点介绍了我国在财政、税收、环保设备生产和使用、科研开发、国际合作及中小企业等方面对实施清洁生产所采取的鼓励政策。     

我国炼油行业节能综述

综述了中国炼油行业节能概况、节能目标以及主要节能技术发展方向,总结了重点炼油装置的主要节能措施,并对进一步促进我国炼油行业节能工作深入开展提出了几点建议。