Thermal comfort study of Kerala traditional residential buildings based on questionnaire survey among occupants of traditional and modern buildings

Thermal comfort studies on traditional residential buildings of Kerala that is known for its use of natural and passive methods for a comfortable indoor environment, are under progress. Scientific analyses of the environmental parameters determining thermal comfort have already been reported. Similar studies on modern residential buildings are underway. In order to compare the results of the scientific analysis with the user responses from the residents of traditional as well as modern residential buildings, a questionnaire survey was conducted during various seasons such as winter, summer and monsoon. A questionnaire was prepared in detail to understand the effect of factors which affect thermal comfort such as temperature, humidity and air flow in the evaluation of thermal comfort. This paper is based on the compilation of responses from the conducted survey. A comparison of the study results with that of scientific analysis already reported is also incorporated at the end of this paper. This study further confirms that Kerala traditional residential buildings are very effective in providing comfortable indoor environment irrespective of various seasons.     

《人文主义时期的建筑法则》与现代主义

艺术史学家威特克沃出版于1949年的文艺复兴研究专著《人文主义时期的建筑法则》是一本对当代建筑批评与实践影响重大的著作。本文将分析威特克沃在该书中所发展出来的建筑研究方法．探讨其如何被吸纳进当代建筑批评及实践．如何奠定了当代建筑形式理论的基础，以及如何被其后辈所发展．而成为对20世纪30年代现代主义的反思和修正。     

Diversification in the driveway: mean-variance optimization for greenhouse gas emissions reduction from the next generation of vehicles

Modern portfolio theory is applied to the problem of selecting which vehicle technologies and fuels to use in the next generation of vehicles. Selecting vehicles with the lowest lifetime cost is complicated by the fact that future prices are uncertain, just as selecting securities for an investment portfolio is complicated by the fact that future returns are uncertain. A quadratic program is developed based on modern portfolio theory, with the objective of minimizing the expected lifetime cost of the “vehicle portfolio”. Constraints limit greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the variance of the cost. A case study is performed for light-duty passenger vehicles in the United States, drawing emissions and usage data from the US Environmental Protection Agency's MOVES and Department of Energy's GREET models, among other sources. Four vehicle technologies are considered: conventional gasoline, conventional diesel, grid-independent (non-plug-in) gasoline-electric hybrid, and flex fuel using E85. Results indicate that much of the uncertainty surrounding cost stems from fuel price fluctuations, and that fuel efficient vehicles can lower cost variance. Hybrids exhibit the lowest cost variances of the technologies considered, making them an arguably financially conservative choice.     

当代城市文化背景下的城市功能再生——另一种生态建筑

本文从现代城市文化的角度着手深入探讨了影响城市功能再生的诸多深层社会因素，指出城市功能的再生便是城市文化的再生，城市文化的再生便是城市人文精神的重塑，建筑学意义上的现代城市人文的重塑便是现代城市人对自身生存空间的心理归属，指出存在于现代建筑空间中的另一种生态体系——心理生态，进而提出基于非物质基础上的另一种生态建筑概念.     

中国传统教育历程、思想特征及其现代启示

本文论述了中国古代的教育历程和优秀传统，总结了中国传统教育的思想特征，这对我们发展现代发展，培养适应知识经济的高素质人才具有重要的启示和指导作用。     

Better environmental regulation — contributions from risk-based decision-making

Internationally, pressure is being exerted on governments and regulators to develop modern forms of regulation that deliver more for less, and in better ways. We discuss the ways in which one large regulator, the Environment Agency for England and Wales, has responded to such pressures by implementing risk-based approaches to regulation. After exploring the context for key elements of risk-based environmental regulation, we consider the evolving influence of such approaches. We discuss the impacts against the UK Government's principles for better regulation and the key criteria for policy evaluation, before considering some of the challenges: the need to i) understand the best practice and promote consistency in risk-based regulation; ii) develop reliable, responsive forms of risk assessment and monitoring; iii) build capacities for responsive risk regulation; iv) evaluate the influence of different regulatory styles; and v) better understand the potential role of the private sector.     

论现代企业的基本特征

建立现代企业制度是今后我国企业改革的重点。现代企业应具有什么样的基本特征，关系着我国企业改革的方向。本文在这方面作了初步的分析研究，指出现代企业是具有商品性、营利性、独立性、系统性的法人实体。     

现代维修理论概要

本文简介了现代维修理论的形成和发展,综述了现代维修理论的主要内容体系、基本特征和基本要点.并对现代维修理论的重要成果之一——以可靠性为中心的维修(即RCM)作了分析,指出了应用RCM的方法和步骤.     

试论现代企业制度下的内部审计

本文根据现代企业制度下内部管理的基本特征，探讨了内部审计的目标、职能、地位及其组织机构，旨在确立与现代企业制度相适应的内部审计模式。     

现代企业计算机管理的优选网络系统

介绍现代企业计算机网络设计的原则和一般方法.探讨了最新高速局域网技术,并结合企业管理的要求.提出一种投资少.又技术先进的优选网络设计方案.