工业型小城镇生态水系治理规划——以“铝都”茌平县水系规划为例

目前,工业型小城镇面临着经济快速发展带来的严重的环境恶化问题。对此,山东茌平县采用以水系规划为主导的治理策略,注重将河道的建设融入到"一环、两轴、三线、六区"的城市结构中,充分合理地预测城市发展的趋势,从总体上确定片区内水域发展的方向,旨在通过水系强化城市轴线,体现"生态园林型的工业城市"的特色及滨水土地利用的复合性,创造优美宜人的环境,推动茌平县的可持续发展。     

新内城住宅——浅析伦敦多尼布鲁克住宅

二战后，经济、实用、简洁的现代主义风格迅速改写了许多城市的面貌。尤其是战后重建与新建的城市；然而几十年后的今天，大部分已尽显暗淡与萧条。建筑师彼得’巴伯尔在伦敦多尼布鲁克住宅设计中，塑造出一种全新的社会住宅形象与邻里关系，成功的为灰色城市街区增加了一个欢快的主题，在内城与住宅之间诠释出一种更为积极的关系。     

Thermal comfort study of Kerala traditional residential buildings based on questionnaire survey among occupants of traditional and modern buildings

Thermal comfort studies on traditional residential buildings of Kerala that is known for its use of natural and passive methods for a comfortable indoor environment, are under progress. Scientific analyses of the environmental parameters determining thermal comfort have already been reported. Similar studies on modern residential buildings are underway. In order to compare the results of the scientific analysis with the user responses from the residents of traditional as well as modern residential buildings, a questionnaire survey was conducted during various seasons such as winter, summer and monsoon. A questionnaire was prepared in detail to understand the effect of factors which affect thermal comfort such as temperature, humidity and air flow in the evaluation of thermal comfort. This paper is based on the compilation of responses from the conducted survey. A comparison of the study results with that of scientific analysis already reported is also incorporated at the end of this paper. This study further confirms that Kerala traditional residential buildings are very effective in providing comfortable indoor environment irrespective of various seasons.     

《人文主义时期的建筑法则》与现代主义

艺术史学家威特克沃出版于1949年的文艺复兴研究专著《人文主义时期的建筑法则》是一本对当代建筑批评与实践影响重大的著作。本文将分析威特克沃在该书中所发展出来的建筑研究方法．探讨其如何被吸纳进当代建筑批评及实践．如何奠定了当代建筑形式理论的基础，以及如何被其后辈所发展．而成为对20世纪30年代现代主义的反思和修正。     

以轨道交通支持天津市城市空间结构转化——天津市市域轨道交通系统规划

交通系统与城市空间结构是相互联系、相互推动的关系。轨道交通作为现代化、快速、大运量的客运系统,对城市空间演变发挥着重要作用。随着城市的快速发展,天津市的空间布局面临着重大转变。天津的市域轨道交通系统规划,以城市空间发展战略为依托,以积极引导天津市空间结构转化为目标,规划构建包括市域线及城区线两级线网、全市域联网互动的轨道交通网络。     

Diversification in the driveway: mean-variance optimization for greenhouse gas emissions reduction from the next generation of vehicles

Modern portfolio theory is applied to the problem of selecting which vehicle technologies and fuels to use in the next generation of vehicles. Selecting vehicles with the lowest lifetime cost is complicated by the fact that future prices are uncertain, just as selecting securities for an investment portfolio is complicated by the fact that future returns are uncertain. A quadratic program is developed based on modern portfolio theory, with the objective of minimizing the expected lifetime cost of the “vehicle portfolio”. Constraints limit greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the variance of the cost. A case study is performed for light-duty passenger vehicles in the United States, drawing emissions and usage data from the US Environmental Protection Agency's MOVES and Department of Energy's GREET models, among other sources. Four vehicle technologies are considered: conventional gasoline, conventional diesel, grid-independent (non-plug-in) gasoline-electric hybrid, and flex fuel using E85. Results indicate that much of the uncertainty surrounding cost stems from fuel price fluctuations, and that fuel efficient vehicles can lower cost variance. Hybrids exhibit the lowest cost variances of the technologies considered, making them an arguably financially conservative choice.     

当代城市文化背景下的城市功能再生——另一种生态建筑

本文从现代城市文化的角度着手深入探讨了影响城市功能再生的诸多深层社会因素，指出城市功能的再生便是城市文化的再生，城市文化的再生便是城市人文精神的重塑，建筑学意义上的现代城市人文的重塑便是现代城市人对自身生存空间的心理归属，指出存在于现代建筑空间中的另一种生态体系——心理生态，进而提出基于非物质基础上的另一种生态建筑概念.     

中国传统教育历程、思想特征及其现代启示

本文论述了中国古代的教育历程和优秀传统，总结了中国传统教育的思想特征，这对我们发展现代发展，培养适应知识经济的高素质人才具有重要的启示和指导作用。     

Characterizations,relationship, and potential sources of outdoor and indoor particulate matter bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a community of Tianjin,Northern China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the most toxic air pollutants in China. However, because there are unsubstantial data on indoor and outdoor particulate PAHs, efforts in assessing inhalation exposure and cancer risk to PAHs are limited in China. This study measured 12 individual PAHs in indoor and outdoor environments at 36 homes during the non‐heating period and heating period in 2009. Indoor PAH concentrations were comparable with outdoor environments in the non‐heating period, but were lower in the heating period. The average indoor/outdoor ratios in both sampling periods were lower than 1, while the ratios in the non‐heating period were higher than those in the heating period. Correlation analysis and coefficient of divergence also verified the difference between indoor and outdoor PAHs, which could be caused by high ventilation in the non‐heating period. To support this conclusion, linear and robust regressions were used to estimate the infiltration factor to compare outdoor PAHs to indoor PAHs. The calculated infiltration factors obtained by the two models were similar in the non‐heating period but varied greatly in the heating period, which may have been caused by the influence of ventilation. Potential sources were distinguished using a diagnostic ratio and a mixture of coal combustion and traffic emission, which are major sources of PAHs.     

Better environmental regulation — contributions from risk-based decision-making

Internationally, pressure is being exerted on governments and regulators to develop modern forms of regulation that deliver more for less, and in better ways. We discuss the ways in which one large regulator, the Environment Agency for England and Wales, has responded to such pressures by implementing risk-based approaches to regulation. After exploring the context for key elements of risk-based environmental regulation, we consider the evolving influence of such approaches. We discuss the impacts against the UK Government's principles for better regulation and the key criteria for policy evaluation, before considering some of the challenges: the need to i) understand the best practice and promote consistency in risk-based regulation; ii) develop reliable, responsive forms of risk assessment and monitoring; iii) build capacities for responsive risk regulation; iv) evaluate the influence of different regulatory styles; and v) better understand the potential role of the private sector.