人民币汇率机制改革中参考一篮子货币的思考

分析了人民币汇率机制改革中选择“参考一篮子货币”制的原因;在肯定这次汇率制度改革给我国带来的有利影响,同时指出了参考一篮子货币制在短期内将面临的问题,并进一步提出关于完善该汇率制度的相关措施和建议,以期对我国汇率制度改革提供参考。     

Facile Fabrication of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Polyquaternium-10 (PVA/PQ-10) Anion Exchange Membrane with Semi-Interpenetrating Network

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are one of the core components of AEM fuel cells. A series of poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyquaternium-10 (PVA/PQ-10) AEMs with semi-interpenetrating networks (s-IPNs) are prepared by a simple solution-casting method using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a cross-linking agent. Subsequently, the prepared PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membranes are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, mechanical analysis, water uptake and swelling ratio tests, ion exchange capacity (IEC) tests, ionic conductivity measurements, and oxidative/alkaline stability tests. The effects of the mass ratio of PVA and PQ-10 and the amount of cross-linking agent GA on the performance of the PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membranes are systematically explored. The results show that the cross-linked PVA/PQ-10 AEMs have high IEC and low water uptake and swelling ratio, and its maximum ionic conductivity can reach 79.37 mS cm^–1 at 80 °C. In addition, the PVA/PQ-10 cross-linked membrane has good oxidative and alkaline stability under optimal preparation conditions. These results may provide valuable insights toward more effective scheme designs and new, simple preparation methods for AEMs with s-IPN structures.     

工业控制中实时数据传递新技术

采用面向对象机制，论述了Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下动态数据传递的基本原理，介绍了主要动态数据交换事务以及在工业控制中动态数据传递的流程。并采用ＢｏｒｌａｎｄＣ＋＋语言给出了工业控制中动态数据传递的基本实现     

新一代铜电解液绿色净化新技术

新一代铜电解液绿色净化新技术实现了净化电解液中铜与杂质砷、锑、铋的定向分离,解决了脱杂过程产生砷化氢和酸雾有毒有害气及物料重复冶炼等问题,砷有效开路,无有害气体产生,实现了清洁绿色生产。替代了原工业生产阴极铜电解液电脱铜诱导净化除杂工艺,所需脱除的铜全部富集并直接生产A级阴极铜产品,电耗降低55%,实现传统冶炼向绿色清洁冶炼转型。     

An experimental evaluation of the effects of ripple current generated by the power conditioning stage on a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack

In this article, an impedance model of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack (PEMFCS) is proposed. The proposed study employs an equivalent circuit of the PEMFCS derived by the frequency response analysis technique. An equivalent circuit for the PEMFCS is developed to evaluate the effects of ripple currents generated by the power-conditioning unit. The calculated results are then verified by means of experiments using a commercially available PEMFCS. The relationship between ripple current and fuel cell performance, such as power loss and fuel consumption, is investigated. Experimental results show that the ripple current can contribute up to a 6% reduction in the available output power. This paper was presented at the Fuel Cells: Materials, Processing, and Manufacturing Technologies Symposium sponsored by the Energy/Utilities Industrial Sector & Ground Transportation Industrial Sector and the Specialty Materials Critical Technologies Sector at the ASM International Materials Solutions Conference, October 13–15, 2003, in Pittsburgh, PA. The symposium was organized by P. Singh, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, S.C. Deevi, Philip Morris USA, T. Armstrong, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and T. Dubois, U.S. Army CECOM.     

高压水冷器(E5104)的换热管腐蚀原因分析

应用光学显微镜、扫描电镜能谱和X射线衍射分析对 炼油厂加氢精制装置高压水冷器(E5104)的换热管腐蚀原因进行了分析.结果表明，循环水 中的溶解氧腐蚀导致换热管外壁产生鼓包，最终使鼓包处穿孔，是换热管腐蚀损坏的主要原 因.     

新型纸张水分计算机检测系统的研究

介绍了新型纸张水分计算机检测系统的检测原理，检测系统的硬件配置。运用VC 6.0开发工具，对系统进行串行通信和控制软件的设计。     

环氧玻璃鳞片树脂防腐技术在阳离子交换器上的应用

本文介绍了环氧玻璃树脂鳞片技术在现场防腐中的应用，采用了新型冷法解决防腐问题，有助于彻底改变衬胶防腐衬里局部修补难度大的问题，是解决局部防腐的良好途径。     

木瓜凝乳蛋白酶的分离纯化及性质研究

目的　建立简单有效的木瓜凝乳蛋白酶分离纯化方法 ,并研究其酶学性质。方法　采用离子交换层析直接将木瓜凝乳蛋白酶分离纯化 ,通过温度、葡萄糖、盐酸胍及其他因素研究酶学性质。结果　木瓜凝乳蛋白酶有较高的热稳定性 ,盐酸胍对其有抑制作用 ,葡萄糖对其有激活作用。结论　离子交换层析是简单有效的分离纯化木瓜凝乳蛋白酶的方法 ,木瓜凝乳蛋白酶值得进一步开发利用。     

The role of isotopic techniques on the evaluation of the agronomic effectiveness of P fertilizers

Many isotopic techniques can be applied to determine the relative immediate and residual effectiveness of P fertilizers. Using isotopes as tracers, the percentage of utilization by plants of the P derived from a fertilizer can be determined. However this is only possible during the three or four months after the application. Therefore, the P fertilizers may be classified only according to their relative immediate effectiveness. To also evaluate residual effect, which can be observed when more P is applied than is removed with harvest, isotopes of phosphorus can be used. This residual effect is determined by comparing pool sizes of bioavailable soil P in soils with and without P fertilizer aged in soil. The bioavailable soil P pool may be analyzed according to three isotopic experimental procedures which give access to either the A value, or the E value or the L value. The aims, the similarities and the differences between these three procedures, are examined. Some of the theoretical and practical constraints of each method are described in this paper; they must be followed in order to obtain reliable information for agronomic purposes. A method involves measuring the rate of isotopic exchange of phosphate ions in soil-solution systems maintained in steady-state. It is now possible to predict the effectiveness of P fertilizers, whatever their chemical form when this method is applied on soil samples where P fertilizers were applied.This paper was originally submitted as part of the special issue on Evaluation of the Agronomic Effectiveness of Phosphate Fertilizers through the use of Nuclear Related Techniques edited by F. Zapata