Using lidar and effective LAI data to evaluate IKONOS and Landsat 7 ETM+ vegetation cover estimates in a ponderosa pine forest

Structural and functional analyses of ecosystems benefit when high accuracy vegetation coverages can be derived over large areas. In this study, we utilize IKONOS, Landsat 7 ETM+, and airborne scanning light detection and ranging (lidar) to quantify coniferous forest and understory grass coverages in a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) dominated ecosystem in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Linear spectral mixture analyses of IKONOS and ETM+ data were used to isolate spectral endmembers (bare soil, understory grass, and tree/shade) and calculate their subpixel fractional coverages. We then compared these endmember cover estimates to similar cover estimates derived from lidar data and field measures. The IKONOS-derived tree/shade fraction was significantly correlated with the field-measured canopy effective leaf area index (LAI_e) (r²=0.55, p<0.001) and with the lidar-derived estimate of tree occurrence (r²=0.79, p<0.001). The enhanced vegetation index (EVI) calculated from IKONOS imagery showed a negative correlation with the field measured tree canopy effective LAI and lidar tree cover response (r²=0.30, r=−0.55 and r²=0.41, r=−0.64, respectively; p<0.001) and further analyses indicate a strong linear relationship between EVI and the IKONOS-derived grass fraction (r²=0.99, p<0.001). We also found that using EVI resulted in better agreement with the subpixel vegetation fractions in this ecosystem than using normalized difference of vegetation index (NDVI). Coarsening the IKONOS data to 30 m resolution imagery revealed a stronger relationship with lidar tree measures (r²=0.77, p<0.001) than at 4 m resolution (r²=0.58, p<0.001). Unmixed tree/shade fractions derived from 30 m resolution ETM+ imagery also showed a significant correlation with the lidar data (r²=0.66, p<0.001). These results demonstrate the power of using high resolution lidar data to validate spectral unmixing results of satellite imagery, and indicate that IKONOS data and Landsat 7 ETM+ data both can serve to make the important distinction between tree/shade coverage and exposed understory grass coverage during peak summertime greenness in a ponderosa pine forest ecosystem.     

时序NDVI数据集重建方法评价与实例研究

时序NDVI数据集已经成功地应用于全球与区域环境变化、植被动态变化、土地覆盖变化和植物生物物理量参数反演等方面的研究。受到大气条件和传感器自身因素的制约,虽然经过严格的预处理,时序NDVI数据集仍包含很多噪声,影响其进一步的应用。首先介绍了近几年来普遍使用的6种时序NDVI数据集的重建方法：改进的最佳指数斜率提取法、均值迭代滤波法、Savitzky-Golay滤波法、傅立叶变换法、非对称高斯函数拟合法和时间序列谐波分析法 |然后采用这几种方法对张掖地区2007年和2008年10 d最大值合成的SPOT/VEGETATION的时序NDVI数据进行了重建,对重建结果进行了比较和评价 |最后对人为的噪声序列进行重建,对重建结果的优缺点进行评价。     

HJ-1星多光谱影像火烧迹地信息提取研究——以百色市为例

为识别火烧迹地等地类,以广西百色市为研究区,采用HJ-1星多光谱影像数据近红外波段光谱值、林火发生前后两时相各自NDVI值以及NDVI变化值,基于先验知识和统计分析构建决策树分类模型,通过与传统最大似然分类提取结果的比较分析,表明基于多特征的决策树模型能够有效地对HJ-1星多光谱遥感数据进行火烧迹地等地类提取,在研究区并具有良好的推广性。     

废弃矿区环境恢复状况遥感监测研究

废弃矿区环境恢复监测对合理开采矿区具有重要的指导意义.以双鸭山废弃矿区为例,基于该区域2000年和2009年的MODIS数据,利用NDVI对两期的植被覆盖度变化进行了统计分析,总结了这两期的植被覆盖在时间和空间上的变化特征.采用分类方法,对比分析废弃矿区土地利用在时间序列上的变化情况.结果表明,双鸭山市废弃矿区植被覆盖度在时间特征上有了一定的提高.为废弃矿区的环境调查与生态恢复模式的研究提供了技术支撑.     

城市异质植被的覆盖度估算模型比较研究

植被覆盖度是城市生态环境评价的一个重要指标。针对亚热带城市异质植被覆盖特征,选择像元尺度的植被指数(NDVI)转换模型、亚像元尺度的植被—土壤两端元模型(V-S Model)和植被—高—低反射率三端元模型(V-H-L Model)在TM影像上估算植被覆盖度,并结合野外实地调查对比验证3种模型的估算精度及其适用性。结果表明模型尺度和背景亮度对植被覆盖度估算有着不同程度的影响。NDVI转换模型整体高估覆盖度为27%,V-S模型和V-H-L模型整体低估覆盖度分别为23%和5%;验证结果证明:NDVI转换模型对高密度(60%)植被的估算结果最好,低估4%;V-H-L模型对中密度(40%~60%)和低密度(40%)植被的估算结果最优,仅低估2%,并受背景亮度的影响最小。因此,NDVI转换模型适用于高密度植被覆盖度的估算,亚像元尺度下的V-S模型和V-H-L模型适用于低、中密度植被覆盖度的估算,并以V-H-L模型估算较为准确。     

基于CASA-WOFOST耦合模型的大豆单产遥感估算研究

中国是一个农业大国,在田块甚至是亚田块尺度上进行快速、准确的作物产量估算,不仅可以对农民田间管理进行指导,对于农田生态系统对全球变化的响应评价、制定科学合理的粮食政策、对外粮食贸易和国家粮食安全都具有重要意义。目前主流的估产模型主要有经验统计模型、光能利用率模型、作物生长模型等,每一类模型在各自研究领域相对完整,但是都形成了固定的局限性,为了研究利用遥感技术在小区域范围内田块尺度的作物估产,选取黑龙江省双山农场为研究区,以大豆为研究对象,基于CASA-WOFOST耦合估产模式,利用覆盖作物生长季的时间序列HJ-1A/B遥感影像数据构建高时间分辨率归一化植被指数(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI),实现逐日连续监测,分别利用CASA模型和CASA-WOFOST耦合模型对作物进行单产模拟,结果表明：耦合得到的新模型能够具有光能利用率模型较高的运行速度,同时还能发挥作物生长模型模型的机理优势,克服CASA模型在小区域田块尺度上应用的局限性。大豆单产模拟线性回归判定系数(R²)由0.668 53上升到0.844 72,均方根误差(RMSE) 由51.41 kg/hm²下降到29.52 kg/hm²,说明耦合后的模型可以综合考虑光能利用与作物生长生态生理全过程,从而提高作物估产的精度、可靠性和稳定性,为区域田块尺度作物估产提供理论支持,更好地服务于精准农业发展。     

基于地表温度和植被指数的黑龙江省旱情遥感动态监测

干旱灾害是一种影响范围广、时间跨度大的自然灾害,对社会经济发展尤其是给农业生产造成重大损失。遥感技术具有观测空间尺度大、实时性强的特点,有利于大范围、实时、动态的旱情监测。利用MODIS的LST和NDVI遥感数据,依托站点实测土壤含水率数据,分析土壤含水率与地表温度和植被指数之间的关系,考虑土壤类型,构建温度植被多项式模型,进行表层土壤水分反演,基于此开展2018年3～7月黑龙江省旱情遥感监测应用研究。监测结果显示,监测期内黑龙江省经历了两次规模较大的干旱过程,干旱的核心区域为黑龙江省西南部区域,与实际情况相吻合。研究表明,考虑土壤类型的温度植被多项式模型对旱情遥感监测具有良好的应用效果。     

A Method for Detecting the Damage of Apocheima Cinerarius Erschoff based on MODIS Time Series:Case Studies in Bachu Populus Euphratica Forest of Xinjiang Province

In recent years，the damage of Apocheima Cinerarius Erschoff in Xinjiang province has seriously threatened the survival and green barrier function of natural Populus euphratica.Due to the large coverage and high tree body of Populus euphratica，traditional monitoring methods are difficult to meet the requirement of rapid monitoring of pest.In this study，the NDVI time series data set of Xiamale forestry in Xinjiang Bachu was reconstructed from the MODIS data from 2014 to the first half of 2017，and the NDVI time series curves were further fitted by three filters.It is found that the S\|G filter can preserve more details of the original curve，and the global fitting can weaken the heterogeneity effectively，so that the vegetation coverage space is better.Through the analysis of the NDVI time series data of the aircraft control area and the comparison with catastrophe point of the non\|flight zone，it is found that the aircraft biological agent means has obvious and continual effects on the controlling of insect pests.proven by the investigation of pest’s population on the ground..The results showed that it was feasible to analyse the insect pests by using the time series of Populus euphratica NDVI.     

Integrating satellite images and spectroscopy to measuring green and black tea quality

This study quantifies the effects of green leaf and black tea parameters that influence tea quality in Northeast India. It was motivated by a decline in tea quality that is of concern to tea growers. The rationale of the study is to identify the different parameters that have a significant influence on liquor brightness and other variables measuring tea quality. Here, we investigate several methods for estimating tea quality based on tea quality data, near infrared spectroscopy and remotely sensed data (NDVI). Attention focused on two high yielding clones (TV1 and S3A3). NDVI was obtained from ASTER images. Statistical analysis shows that liquor brightness is affected by the levels of caffeine content, theaflavins and catechins. Relationships exist between quality parameters and remote sensing in particular for the S3A3 clone. NDVI has a positive relation with caffeine, theogallin, EC, and ECG. NIR is negatively related to caffeine, theogallin, and catechins. We conclude that NDVI and Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy have a large potential to be used for monitoring tea quality in the future.     

1990—2015年宁波市热岛效应特征与人口资源环境分析

针对目前城市中心越来越明显的城市热岛效应,基于Landsat系列数据和MODIS遥感数据,以宁波市中心城区为研究区域,运用地理信息系统技术和Pearson相关性分析方法,进行地表温度与其他因素的长时间序列的相关性变化分析.结果表明:1990—2015年间,宁波市中心城区热岛效应变化显著;其地表温度与NDVI呈负相关性,...