荷兰城市学博士教育经验——以代尔夫特理工大学为例

本文基于笔者在荷兰代尔夫特理工大学攻读硕士和博士的亲身体会,介绍了从申请在该校读博、开题报告到毕业答辩整个过程中的经历和经验,特别是在开题报告和论文结构中研究问题体系的建构,希望可以给有兴趣来荷兰或欧洲攻读博士学位的建筑或城市学专业的学生一些有益的借鉴。     

荷兰建筑百年--本土都市主义

近年来,荷兰制造的建筑引起了全世界的关注。尤其是后OMA事务所的作品,被认为是一个荷兰的浪潮——甚至被称作超级荷兰实用主义。但是所谓“荷兰的”,究竟与地理位置之外的哪些因素相关？这个位于欧洲西北且仅有1600万人口的临海小国有什么奇异的魔力吗？或者说,正如风格派和结构主义时期,一种特定的时间地点的组合与更大范围内的国际潮流的碰撞。促成了对建筑的一种新的态度。以及一批拥护者？本文即是对现今的发展之前荷兰建筑界发生的事情的简要回顾。     

Dancing with Entropy

Finding inspiration and drive in the chaos and fragmentation of today's world, Adriaan Geuze and Matthew Skjonsberg of West 8 have developed an approach that they refer to as ‘radical contextualism’. This requires not only a respect for reality and existing conditions, but also an openness to multiple layers of meaning and a wide variety of inputs, whether historic, cultural, anecdotal or even random. Giving themselves over to evolutionary entropy, they work with ingenuity with whatever they encounter.     

Dreams of an Iconic Mosque: Spatial and Temporal Entanglements of a Converted Church in Amsterdam

ABSTRACT

This article focuses on the making of iconicity through religious architecture in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Examining the Fatih Mosque housed in a former Catholic church in the city center, we show in what ways the efforts at making this mosque iconic are shaped by the building’s iconic field, by which we denote its entanglement with other (religious and non-religious) sites in the past and the present. This iconic field is characterized by the conversion chains that preceded the mosque, material and discursive legacies of “hiddenness” and contemporary symbolic interactions with nearby sites such as the Western Church. By developing an analysis of the mosque’s temporal and spatial entanglements in Amsterdam’s urban space, we seek to revitalize a relational and diachronic approach that has suffered from neglect, particularly in social-scientific studies of mosques in the West. Rather than looking at a singular place of worship at a particular moment in time, we draw attention to the relations between Islamic and other religious architecture and to the ways in which this mosque intersects with broader genealogies and geographies of religion, not only by association but also by actual links in relationships, politics or material culture.     

荷兰空间规划体系及其新动向

在西方主要国家的规划体系中,荷兰规划以管制性和综合性著称,在应对建设需求、平衡区域发展差异、土地利用控制、物质环境保护等方面起到了积极显著的成效,这些经验对于快速城镇化进程中人地矛盾突出的中国而言具有很高的借鉴价值。本文分析了荷兰规划体系的特点、制度基础和新动向,并以荷兰国家空间规划为例分析了荷兰规划演变的历程,以及在这个过程中出现的变化和调整,提出可供中国规划发展参考借鉴的内容。