Specific energy optimization in sawing of rocks using Taguchi approah简

This work aims at selecting optimal operating variables to obtain the minimum specific energy （SE） in sawing of rocks. A particular granite was sampled and sawn by a fully automated circular diamond sawblades. The peripheral speed, the traverse speed, the cut depth and the flow rate of cooling fluid were selected as the operating variables. Taguchi approach was adopted as a statistical design of experimental technique for optimization studies. The results were evaluated based on the analysis of variance and signal-to-noise ratio （S/N ratio）. Statistically significant operating variables and their percentage contribution to the process were also determined. Additionally, a statistical model was developed to demonstrate the relationship between SE and operating variables using regression analysis and the model was then verified. It was found that the optimal combination of operating variables for minimum SE is the peripheral speed of 25 m/s, the traverse speed of 70 cm/min, the cut depth of 2 cm and the flow rate of cooling fluid of 100 mL/s. The cut depth and traverse speed were statistically determined as the significant operating variables affecting the SE, respectively. Furthermore, the regression model results reveal that the predictive model has a high applicability for practical applications.     

磨具组成成份对花岗岩抛光效果的影响

研究了酚醛树脂、磨料成份和填充剂含量等对花岗岩抛光光泽度和磨削比的影响,指出软抛光磨料在抛光过程中可起到较好的微切削作用,存在一个使光泽度和耐磨性最佳的酚醛树脂和气孔填充剂含量值。     

花岗岩骨料抑制碱活性研究与工程应用

本文从抑制碱活性有效性检验及评定标准入手,开展采用粉煤灰作为掺合料对花岗岩骨料碱活性抑制试验研究,分析了粉煤灰对花岗岩骨料碱活性的抑制机理,提出了花岗岩骨料在南椰Ⅱ水电工程中应用时应采取的工程措施。按照技术可行、经济较优的原则,合理选择方案,最终达到节省工程造价的目的。     

福建平潭风化花岗岩原位测试及岩土参数取值研究

因风化花岗岩具有结构性强,遇水软化、常规钻探取原状土样难等特点,所以通过常规土工试验获得的风化花岗岩的抗剪强度和变形参数往往偏小很多。为了合理确定风化花岗岩的抗剪强度和变形参数,以福建平潭某工程为项目背景,对福建平潭地区具有代表性且结构性强的风化花岗岩地层开展了旁压试验、标准贯入试验、剪切波速测试和平板载荷试验等系列原位力学特性试验研究,通过相关理论对原位试验结果进行了分析研究并推算了风化花岗岩的抗剪强度和变形参数。将旁压试验计算结果与平板载荷试验及室内试验进行了对比分析和验证,发现旁压试验计算结果与平板载荷试验推算的结果较为一致且明显大于室内试验结果。研究结果表明旁压试验结果在很大程度上反映了深部风化花岗岩的原状特性,利用旁压试验结果推算风化花岗岩的抗剪强度和变形参数是合理的。针对风化花岗岩,旁压试验是值得广泛推广应用的一种原位试验手段。     

花岗岩地区病险水库工程地质问题及处理措施

花岗岩地区病险水库的险情主要为坝基渗漏,高水位运行期坝脚易发生管涌而限制水库效益的发挥。以某病险水库为例,分析总结了花岗岩地区以风化料作为坝体填料的主要地质问题;对坝基花岗岩深厚的风化壳、差异风化以及河床冲洪积砂砾卵石层等主要工程地质问题进行了评价;针对主坝、副坝及溢洪道的防渗加固,提出了相应的工程措施。对其他典型花岗岩地区的病险水库工程勘察有一定参考价值。     

华南某预选低中放废物处置场岩土层渗透性能综合研究

采用渗水、注水、压水、抽水及室内渗透试验等多种测试方法,对我国华南某一预选低中放废物处置场内各岩土层的渗透特性进行分层测试,通过多种方法的综合研究得出处置场地内各岩土层的渗透系数,并基于计算结果评价各岩土层的渗透性能,指出区内微风化花岗岩可作为低中放废物的处置底板,中等风化花岗岩可作为备选处置底板,而冲积黏土则是处置单...     

基于单元质心对应法花岗岩热开裂及变形模拟研究

基于SEM所获取的岩石非均质数字图像,提出了一种既能考虑预制和原生缺陷,又能近似反映材料非均匀性的三维细观结构有限元模型的方法,即单元质心对应法.应用该方法进行了热力耦合下岩石的热开裂及变形破坏数值模拟.结果表明,北山花岗岩热开裂临界温度大约为82℃,与实验值68～88℃基本吻合.低温时北山花岗岩热开裂以沿颗粒热开裂为主;而高温后既有沿颗粒热开裂,又有穿颗粒热开裂.温度的升高导致花岗岩由脆性向延性转变,破坏将由低温下以载荷裂纹为主的裂纹模式转为高温下以热裂纹为主的裂纹模式.对比实验结果发现,数值模拟得到的拉伸强度在低温下高于实验测试值,而中高温度下基本与实验结果吻合.     

赣东北灵山复式岩体特征及其成矿作用初探

采用大量的实测数据来阐述赣东北灵山复式岩体的岩浆成矿作用并建立多金属矿床成矿模式，对Nb-Ta、W-sn和Pb-Zn矿的特征进行详细的描述；并认为灵山复式岩体是多期次的环状岩基，它们在空间分布、岩石学、岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素等方面均存在差异和规律性变化，其成因类型属A型花岗岩，赋存在该岩体中的重要矿产资源为Nb-Ta、W-sn和Pb-Zn矿。     

Numerical Simulation of Rigid Projectile''''s Normally Penetrating into Granite Targets

The process of penetrating into granite was simulated by using program LS-DYNA3D. The granite was represented by the isotropic elastic-plastic model with failure criterion and the projectile was modeled by rigid model. The depth of penetration from simulations is identical with experiments. Penetration deceleration vs striking velocity was acquired at the same time, which can assist in the design of penetration weapons with payload and fuse. Through numerical simulation, that material model is considered with straightforward physical meaning, a few parameters which can be determined easily are more practical for engineering calculation along with experiments.     

Computer Simulation Study of Transient Diffusion of Cesium through Granite with Unsteady-State Diffusion Model

A steady-state diffusion model has been used widely to determine the diffusivities of radionuclides in rocks. Buffer container at the source solution side is used to keep the concentration constant. It is suitable for non-sorptive species, but not for sorptive species. Some researchers proposed a unsteady-state diffusion model recently. It is possible to use simple experimental apparatus without buffer container to measure the diffusivity with this model. To obtain the diffusional information more easily according to the sorption properties of radionuclides, through- diffusion experiments were performed in granites. Methods of determining of diffusivities are discussed according to sorption properties of species. For the non-sorptive species, the steady- state diffusion model was effective to determine the diffusivity. For the sorptive species, the analytical solution of the unsteady-state diffusion model found to be more appropriate to determine the diffusivity. Surface diffusion of sorbed species on rock did important role in diffusive transport.