Evaluating Training

Clause 6.2.2: Competence, Awareness and Training in ISO9001:2000 standard sets the training requirements for organizations. Problems with evaluating the outcomes of training arise during examination and verification.……     

协同生产网络组织的失效模式与脆弱性关联分析

针对协同生产网络组织中失效模式与脆弱性间作用机理复杂的问题,基于协同生产网络组织的无向加权图模型,从整体和局部的角度分别提出了系统脆弱性的研究方法,并建立了失效模式的三元模型;基于无标度网络理论,对典型协同生产网络组织进行了仿真,对比了节点失效与边失效、随机失效与目标失效对系统脆弱性的影响,揭示了整体脆弱性与局部脆弱性的变化规律。     

Product design in less industrialized economies: constraints and opportunities in Kenya

The ability for an economy to design useful products is tied to its productivity, thus economic growth and the population’s standards of living. This paper investigates product design strategies and processes in Kenya in the country’s informal, formal, and non-governmental sectors. In analyzing Kenyan 200+ products, patterns emerged to delineate four approaches to the detailed design acquisition of common-use products: imitated design, imported design, basic original design, and specialty design. A vast majority of product designs, 54 of 55 tracked in this research, originate outside the country or were imitated from imported products. Across sectors, there is emphasis on the detailed design and manufacturing phases of the design process. Factors specific to less industrialized economies (LIEs) like Kenya, such as corruption and an inadequate infrastructure, limit design activities relative to more industrialized economies. Design constraints observed in Kenya are believed to be similar to other economies at the same levels of industrialization. For product design to sustainably support economic development in LIEs, it is imperative that design process be consistent with local conditions and be user-centric in approach.

建立食品安全第三方管理新模式的研究与思 考

基层食品安全监管部门重新组建运行后,逐渐暴露出食品安全监管体系、监管能力等方面存在的问题。当前,部分基层监管部门通过购买服务的方式引入食品安全第三方机构,有效解决了食品安全监管人员不足和专业知识匮乏等难题。本文结合管理实践,阐述了建立食品安全第三方管理新模式的必要性,对食品安全第三方管理的概念、特点及优势进行介绍和分析,介绍了我国食品安全第三方管理的现状,并就规范食品安全第三方管理提出了对策和建议。     

美国肉禽检验检疫体系及其对我国肉品安全的启示

本文从法律法规、组织机构、致病菌的控制措施、HACCP体系、残留监控体系、进出口检验检疫等方面详细介绍了美国肉类检验检疫体系,针对我国的实际情况,提出了一些具体建议。     

Digital transformation in high-reliability organizations: A longitudinal study of the micro-foundations of failure

High-reliability organizations (HROs) and their complex operating models have been a focus of scholarly work for more than three decades. Recently, HROs have been challenged by new market pressures that require them to digitally transform in ways that affect their identity and value creation models while still maintaining high levels of security and efficiency. This longitudinal, in-depth single-case study of a major European utility company examines the role of HRO identity in digital transformation (DT), specifically in terms of tensions between innovation and transformation on the one hand, and maintaining reliable operations on the other. Our findings show how tensions between HROs’ identity and key features of DT give rise to threat perceptions and self-protective behaviors by the IT workforce, that eventually may derail the transformation process. We develop a process model that highlights the sources and consequences of identity misalignment during major DT initiatives in HROs. In doing so, we extend the research on D T by highlighting the importance of bottom-up processes for DT success and failure, especially concerning the IT function’s perception of organizational identity.     

基于非正式组织视角的煤矿工人不安全行为致因研究北大核心

为了探究非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为的致因,引入群体动力相关理论,采用文献综述和现场调研的方法,提炼影响煤矿工人行为的非正式组织因素,制定量表并发放问卷;应用SPSS25.0统计分析数据,运用结构方程模型(SEM)构建煤矿工人不安全行为路径分析模型,分析非正式组织因素对煤矿工人不安全行为的影响。结果表明:群体凝聚力、矿工自我安全行为对减少煤矿工人不安全行为具有正效应,其中群体凝聚力正向影响矿工自我安全行为;群体压力、矿工间参照作用对减少煤矿工人不安全行为具有负效应,其中群体压力正向影响矿工间参照作用。