Application of a Genetic Algorithm for Optimal Damper Distribution within the Nonlinear Seismic Benchmark Building

This paper presents a systematic method for identifying the optimal damper distribution to control the seismic response of a 20-story benchmark building. A genetic algorithm with integer representation was used to determine the damper locations. Both H2- and H∞-norms of the linear system transfer function were utilized as the objective functions. Moreover, frequency weighting was incorporated into the objective functions so that the genetic algorithm emphasized minimization of the response in the second mode of vibration instead of the dominant first mode. The results from numerical simulations of the nonlinear benchmark building show that, depending on the objective function used, the optimal damper locations can vary significantly. However, most of dampers tend to be concentrated in the lowermost and uppermost stories. In general, the damper configurations evaluated herein performed well in terms of reducing the seismic response of the benchmark building in comparison to the uncontrolled building.     

Feedback passivity of nonlinear discrete-time systems with direct input-output link

This paper is devoted to the study of the feedback passivity property in nonlinear discrete-time systems. The relative degree and zero dynamics of the non-passive system are related to the feedback passivity of the system. Two main results are presented. First, some relative degree-related properties of passive systems in general form are stated. Second, sufficient conditions in order to render a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system passive by means of a static state feedback control law are obtained.     

底泥制备的生物炭对卡马西平的吸附解吸研究

以滇池底泥作为原料制备的生物炭具有多方面的环境功效,本研究对卡马西平在生物炭上的吸附/解吸行为进行了探讨,以进一步了解生物炭对有机污染物环境行为的控制性作用.样品中碳元素随着烧制过程逐渐芳香化,形成相对紧凑的结构,表面积和孔隙体积都增大,为卡马西平的表面吸附提供了更多的位点,Freundlich模型能够较准确地描述生物炭对卡马西平的吸附等温线.随着烧制温度的升高,生物炭对卡马西平的吸附增大,非线性特征变强,释放程度降低.这项研究表明,高有机质含量的沉积物经过热处理后,作为土壤添加剂可以高效地滞留卡马西平,对于降低卡马西平的迁移和风险有重要的环境意义.     

石油污染土壤生物修复与多技术联合修复策略研究进展及工程化应用

在传统石油污染土壤修复方法的基础上,综述了生物修复联合多技术修复石油污染土壤的方法、原理、研究现状及应用。并对如何更好地将生物修复与多技术相结合,提高修复效率和改善修复产物提出了展望,对采用以生物修复为核心的多技术联合修复策略在油田污染治理和生态环境恢复方面具有指导意义,以期为提高石油污染土壤修复效果提供依据。     

钝化材料修复土壤重金属污染研究进展

重金属污染土壤的修复是一项长期而艰巨的任务。作为化学修复的一种,钝化技术成本低、高效省时,而被广泛应用。从石灰性物质、含磷材料、黏土矿物、生物炭、其他材料五大方面归纳了钝化修复的种类,并介绍了钝化修复的作用机制,最后分析了钝化剂修复土壤中重金属的影响因素——钝化剂的投加量、pH、钝化剂的稳定性。基于目前研究现状以及钝化修复存在的问题,对钝化修复今后的发展趋势进行了展望。     

石油烃污染土壤活性碳增强微波热修复及菌剂深度降解试验研究

利用活性碳增强微波热效应对某石油化工厂区石油烃污染土壤进行修复研究,在微波处理最佳条件下,考察场地石油烃污染土壤的处理效果,通过三维荧光(3D-EEM)和气相色谱(GC)分析了石油烃污染物的组分和去除特性,并采用菌剂强化法对修复后的土壤进行深度生物降解试验.结果 表明:活性碳增强微波热修复技术对石油烃污染土壤具有较好的...     

A study of semiconducting properties of hydrogen containing passive films

Mott–Schottky and photoelectrochemical measurements were used to explore the effects of hydrogen and chloride ions on the electronic properties of the passive film on X70 micro-alloyed steel in a solution of 0.5 M NaHCO₃. Mott–Schottky analyses have shown that hydrogen increases the capacitance and donor density, and decreases the flat band potential and the space charge layer thickness of the passive film. The photocurrent of the film is remarkably increased by hydrogen. The effects of hydrogen become more pronounced with an increase in the hydrogen charging current densities. Hydrogen has no noticeable effect on the band gap energy E_g and the process by which hole-electron pairs are photo-generated in the film. The presence of chloride ions in the solution produces some similar effects on the electronic properties of the passive film to those observed with hydrogen, but reduces the photocurrent and increases the band gap energy of the film. No significant synergistic effects on the electronic properties of the passive film were observed in the presence of hydrogen and Cl⁻. These results provide very useful information for elucidating the mechanism by which hydrogen changes the properties of passive film and then promotes localized corrosion.     

重金属污染土壤修复原理与技术

重金属污染会导致土壤生态结构、功能、理化性质发生改变,极大地减少农作物产量,危害生态环境和人体健康,已经成为全球主要的环境污染之一。为修复土壤重金属污染,开发了数种土壤修复技术。探讨了各种修复技术的原理、优缺点、适用性,提出了未来土壤重金属污染的研究方向应该是联合修复技术。     

Deposition of tellurium films by decomposition of electrochemically-generated H2Te: application to radiative cooling devices

The preparation of homogenous, large area thin layers of tellurium on thin polyethylene foils is described. The tellurium was formed by room temperature decomposition of electrochemically generated H₂Te. Pre-treatment of the polyethylene substrates with KMnO₄ to give a Mn-oxide layer was found to improve the Te adhesion and homogeneity. Optical characterization of the layers was performed using UV/VIS/NIR spectroscopy. Such coatings have favorable characteristics for use as solar radiation shields in radiative cooling devices. The simplicity of generation of the very unstable H₂Te was also exploited to demonstrate formation of size-quantized CdTe nanocrystals.     

六元探测基阵被动声定位算法及其性能研究

通过对目前常用的空间声目标定位方法的分析,针对四元平面方阵定距精度差的问题,提出了立体六元探测基阵的传感器布置方案,即在四元平面方阵的基础上,增加两个声传感器。根据被动声定位原理推导了定位算法,分析了时延估计误差对定位精度的影响,并进行了数字仿真实验,与四元平面方阵相比取得了较好的定位效果。