复合无机无卤阻燃剂改性聚氨酯泡沫及性能研究

以聚磷酸铵(APP)为主要阻燃剂,复配可膨胀石墨(EG)和膨润土作为阻燃剂和改性剂,制备了完全无机且无卤阻燃剂改性的硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)。在固定无机阻燃剂及改性剂总量的条件下,研究了膨润土和EG用量及比例对RPUF的热稳定性、阻燃性能、力学性能、泡孔结构等的影响。结果表明,随膨润土或EG含量的增大,泡沫的压缩强度先增大后减小,二者含量分别为10%和5%时压缩强度最大。EG对泡沫阻燃性能的提高有显著影响,但同时也会使泡孔孔径增大;而膨润土作为泡沫成核剂能明显减小孔径。通过热重分析表明膨润土和EG的加入能明显增强泡沫的热稳定性。当APP为泡沫总质量的15%,膨润土为5%,EG为5%时,可以制得阻燃性能、力学性能和泡沫孔径较佳平衡的阻燃泡沫材料。在该条件下,泡沫的压缩强度为0.42 MPa,泡沫平均孔径为434μm,LOI值达到29%。     

柱撑膨润土吸附水溶液中Cr6+的性能研究

研究了无机、有机和无机-有机柱撑膨润土对水中C r6 的吸附去除性能。结果表明:三种柱撑膨润土对C r6 的去除效果明显高于膨润土原土,当投土量为8 g/L时,对C r6 的吸附去除率分别为81.03%、95.41%和85.11%;三种柱撑膨润土对C r6 的吸附在60 m in达到平衡;溶液pH对C r6 的去除有一定的影响,在酸性条件下的去除率略大于中性和碱性;温度升高,C r6 的去除率略有下降。     

膨润土-壳聚糖复合吸附剂处理水中Cr(Ⅵ)的研究

将壳聚糖与膨润土结合,制备出复合吸附剂,研究了其对Cr(VI)的吸附,详细探讨了复合吸附剂吸附Cr(VI)的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,复合吸附剂对Cr(VI)具有较好的吸附性能,吸附的最佳工艺条件是:pH值为4～6,废水中Cr(VI)质量浓度不大于10mg/L,吸附平衡时间为40min左右,吸附剂用量为8.0g/L,壳聚糖与膨润土质量比为0.04。与单一的膨润土或壳聚糖相比,该吸附剂对Cr(VI)离子的吸附速度快、吸附能力强,并且具有成本低、应用范围广等优点。     

改性膨润土絮凝剂处理含酚废水的试验研究

研究了以Al2(SO4)3为改性剂对钠基和钙基膨润土改性,以改性后的膨润土为絮凝剂,研究了其对化工含酚废水的去除效果,并确定了最佳用土量、pH值、搅拌时间等.实验表明,改性膨润土对含酚废水有较好的絮凝效果,对酚的去除率可达78.5%,对废水中的COD和油去除率分别为75.2%和94.2%.     

膨润土对废水中有机污染物的吸附

简述了膨润土的结构和基本性质,介绍了几种膨润土的改性方法,总结了天然膨润土和几种改性膨润土对水中有机物的吸附效果,探讨了pH、初始浓度及吸附剂用量等对膨润土吸附有机物效果的影响,论述了膨润土的吸附机理和规律,并展望了其应用前景.     

原位插层聚合制备PVC/膨润土复合材料及性能初步研究

以新疆夏子街钠基膨润土为原矿制备的有机膨润土,通过原位插层聚合法制备了PVC/膨润土复合材料.通过对该复合材料的力学性能分析,复合材料的断裂伸长率为42%,比原PVC基体提高51.5%;复合材料的抗冲击强度为15.58 kJ/m2,比原PVC基体提高2.1倍;复合材料的拉伸强度为42.82 MPa,比原PVC基体提高14.6%.由此表明,复合材料的综合性能明显提高.SEM分析表明,PVC/膨润土复合材料具有明显的韧性特征;XRD分析表明,该复合材料是一种剥离型的复合材料.     

酸化膨润土对彩色喷墨打印纸性能的影响

研究了酸化膨润土对彩色喷墨打印纸性能的影响。结果表明,以酸化膨润土替代部分SiO2加入到彩色喷墨打印纸涂料中,能够提高纸张的光泽度和平滑度,但降低纸张的白度、不透明度、油墨吸收性和表面强度。含酸化膨润土的纸样色密度与纯二氧化硅的纸样相差不大。含酸化膨润土的彩色喷墨打印纸均表现出良好的防洇渗性能。     

Drug-Free Nasal Spray as a Barrier against SARS-CoV-2 and Its Delta Variant: In Vitro Study of Safety and Efficacy in Human Nasal Airway Epithelia

The nasal epithelium is a key portal for infection by respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and represents an important target for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. In the present study, we test the safety and efficacy of a newly developed nasal spray (AM-301, marketed as Bentrio) against infection by SARS-CoV-2 and its Delta variant on an in vitro 3D-model of the primary human nasal airway epithelium. Safety was assessed in assays for tight junction integrity, cytotoxicity and cilia beating frequency. Efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection was evaluated in pre-viral load and post-viral load application on airway epithelium. No toxic effects of AM-301 on the nasal epithelium were found. Prophylactic treatment with AM-301 significantly reduced viral titer vs. controls over 4 days, reaching a maximum reduction of 99% in case of infection from the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 variant and more than 83% in case of the Delta variant. When AM-301 administration was started 24 h after infection, viral titer was reduced by about 12-folds and 3-folds on Day 4. The results suggest that AM-301 is safe and significantly decelerates SARS-CoV-2 replication in cell culture inhibition assays of prophylaxis (pre-viral load application) and mitigation (post-viral load application). Its physical (non-pharmaceutical) mechanism of action, safety and efficacy warrant additional investigations both in vitro and in vivo for safety and efficacy against a broad spectrum of airborne viruses and allergens.     

皂土和壳聚糖对青梅发酵酒澄清效果的比较研究

研究了皂土和壳聚糖对青梅发酵酒的澄清效果,并通过正交试验及综合评比分析,结果表明壳聚糖的澄清效果明显好于皂土,经壳聚糖处理的青梅发酵酒透光率达98.5%,确定了最佳澄清工艺条件：壳聚糖用量0.5g/L,pH为3.2,温度26℃,澄清时间24h。澄清后的发酵酒澄清透明,稳定性增加。     

微粒助留助滤体系对烟草薄片浆料助留助滤性能的影响

在造纸法烟草薄片的生产中,利用食品安全级的阳离子壳聚糖和瓜尔胶与膨润土和胶体二氧化硅组成二元微粒助留助滤体系,研究其对烟草浆料助留助滤性能的影响。研究结果表明：使用壳聚糖／膨润土或瓜尔胶／膨润土组成的二元微粒助留助滤体系能明显改善烟草浆料的留着率和滤水性能。壳聚糖（用量为0．1％）与膨润土（用量为0．4％）所组成的二元微粒体系与只添加0．1％的壳聚糖相比,烟草浆料单程留着率和填料留着率分别提高14％和12％,20s内滤水量提高200g。