聚合氯化铝的制备和性能

本文讨论了采用铝灰为原料制备聚合氯化铝。试验得到了最佳原料配比为铝灰:盐酸:水量=0.6:1:0.9,所制备聚合氯化铝的盐基度达到50%以上,A l2O3含量9.5%以上;它具有优异的混凝性能,用量在15m g/L时,可使废水的浊度降至10NTU以内。     

乳酸合成中间体丙交酯工艺的研究

以乳酸为原料合成中间体丙交醋,通过正交试验探讨了温度、时间、催化剂对反应的影响并确定了最佳的工艺条件：在100g乳酸中加入0．5gSnCl2·2H2O、0．75g对甲苯磺酸,在150℃下反应4h并在反应后期加入30mL正辛醇可照丙交醋收率达到43．3％。     

PDMMC抗静电剂的合成及实验室评价

研究了水溶液聚合方法合成了聚2－甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（PDMMC）阳离子型高分子抗静电剂。采有正交实验方法分析讨论了聚合体系单体质量浓度、引发剂用量、聚合体系pH值,对聚合物特性粘数（[η]）的影响,从中优化出最佳反应条件,并对该高分子抗静电剂在丙纶地毯短纤维上应用的抗静电性能进行了实验室评价。     

新型生物降解材料--含氢键聚乳酸的制备

采用熔融固相聚合制备了乳酸-氨基酸共聚物。结果表明：熔融聚合的最佳工艺条件为,催化剂是实验室制备,用量为0．5％～1％、聚合时间为10h、氨基酸含量为0．5％～1％;固相聚合的工艺条件为,聚合时间20h、催化剂为实验室制备。此工艺条件可制得相对分子质量大于50000的共聚物。     

聚氯乙烯增韧改性剂的合成及共混改性研究

采用传统的乳液接枝聚合方法合成了以交联聚丙烯酸酯弹性体为核,聚氯乙烯（PVC）直接为壳层的新型聚氯乙烯复合改性剂,用于通用聚氯乙烯的增韧改性。通过粒径分析仪、透射电镜、动态力学分析等手段对复合粒子及其共混改性PVC材料进行了表征与测试。结果表明复合粒子具有核壳结构,粒径分布较窄;动态力学分析显示;改性剂的加入有效地改善了改性剂与PVC基体问的相容性;当改性剂加入量为6％（核壳质量比为50／50）时,改性PVC材料的缺口冲击强度为纯PVC的5倍。     

环氧树脂对环氧树脂/丙烯酸酯复合乳液聚合速度的影响

将环氧树脂溶于丙烯酸酯混合单体中,采用环氧树脂／聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物、十二烷基磺酸钠和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的混合物作乳化剂,制备了环氧树脂／丙烯酸酯共聚物复合乳液。研究了乳液聚合过程中,环氧树脂对聚合速度的影响。结果表明,环氧树脂的存在,延长了引发剂的引发诱导期,单体的转化速率减慢。     

Aspects of the kinetics and solubility of silica and calcium oxalate composites in sugar solutions

Fouling of industrial surfaces by silica and calcium oxalate can be detrimental to a number of process streams. Solution chemistry plays a large roll in the rate and type of scale formed on industrial surfaces. This study is on the kinetics and thermodynamics of SiO₂ and calcium oxalate composite formation in solutions containing Mg²⁺ ions, trans-aconitic acid and sucrose, to mimic factory sugar cane juices. The induction time (t_i) of silicic acid polymerization is found to be dependent on the sucrose concentration and SiO₂ supersaturation ratio (SS). Generalized kinetic and solubility models are developed for SiO₂ and calcium oxalate in binary systems using response surface methodology. The role of sucrose, Mg, trans-aconitic acid, a mixture of Mg and trans-aconitic acid, SiO₂ SS ratio and Ca in the formation of composites is explained using the solution properties of these species including their ability to form complexes.     

Influence of resin composition on rheology and polymerization kinetics of alumina ceramic suspensions for digital light processing (DLP) additive manufacturing

Alumina ceramics with optimized microstructures and mechanical properties were obtained by the attractive digital lighting processing (DLP) additive manufacturing methodology in the present study. A acrylate-based resin system was designed for the alumina powders with a mean particle size of 0.5 μm. The influence of oligomer on the viscosity and polymerization kinetics of the ceramic suspensions has been elaborately discussed by rheology, curing depth and photo-DSC characterizations. The results indicated that the introduction of oligomer has improved the cross-linking density of resins and decreased the critical dose of energy for resin polymerization, which contributed to a tougher ceramic-resin slice with higher dimensional accuracy. Densifying processes including debinding and high temperature sintering of the ceramic parts were conducted according to the TG-DTA characterizations, alumina ceramics with uniform microstructures and eliminated delamination or intralaminar cracks were finally obtained. The flexural strength was 471 MPa for the ceramics obtained from the resin composition containing 20 wt% oligomer, Weibull modulus for the ceramics were determined to be 17.31 by evaluating thirty all sides polished ceramics, indicating the highly uniform property of the ceramics fabricated by DLP additive manufacturing.