低重心大支承面浆砌片石构筑物拆除爆破技术

在城市拆除爆破中，用小孔爆破法拆除重心很低、支承面大的浆砌片石构筑物难度很大。本文通过用“集团装药”法拆除此类构筑物的工程实例，介绍这种方法的布药方式、药量计算及其适用条件。     

New functional fibre in milk puddings: Effect on sensory properties and consumers' acceptability

The effect of the addition of a new functional fibre (high-amylose maize starch, HAMS, as a source of resistant starch), recently available in the market, on sensory characteristics and consumers' acceptability of milk puddings was studied. Milk puddings containing modified waxy maize starch and κ-carrageenan were produced with different HAMS concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4%). Higher HAMS concentration caused changes in the sensory characteristics of milk puddings. Particularly, sensory attributes such as some roughness, rough afterfeel and floury taste appeared. Besides, the addition of HAMS caused an increase in manual and oral thickness and a decrease in creaminess, melting, and sweetness. A HAMS enrichment level of 1.4% in this product was estimated as the maximum concentration that does not significantly modify consumers' overall acceptability. Using survival analysis the proportion of consumers who would buy milk desserts containing 1.4 % HAMS was estimated as 71%. Consumers more interested in consuming functional foods enriched with fibre were more tolerant to the sensory changes caused by the addition of HAMS to the milk puddings.     

Structural health monitoring of innovative bridge decks

For more than a century, important civil engineering structures such as bridges, high-rise buildings, dams and marine platforms have contained iron or steel as the reinforcement for concrete or wood. The useful lives of such structures have often been severely limited by the corrosion of this ferrous component. Much thought has been given in recent years to constructing structures that are lighter, stronger and non-corrosive. These innovative structures are new and for these to be accepted by the engineering community monitoring is mandatory. ISIS Canada has been developing such structures and monitoring them. In this paper, innovative bridge decks that have been implemented are described.     

聚合物混凝土与砂浆在建筑施工中的应用探究

聚合物混凝土是一种非常特殊的混凝土,这种类型的混凝土和砂浆配合起来在建筑施工的实际过程中有着非常广阔的应用空间。通过对聚合物混凝土和砂浆的相关性能试验的分析,研究出聚合物混凝土和砂浆的优势,在建筑施工中具有十分重要的推广价值。     

JSFA288型精梳机结构特点与生产实践

研究JSFA288型精梳机的结构特点和工艺性能。应用JSFA288型精梳机开发了CJ 14.5 tex纱品种,并对该机主要工艺参数进行了优化试验,分五档速度对JSFA288型精梳机成纱质量进行了速度适应性试验,并与其他两种精梳机进行了质量对比。实践表明JSFA288型精梳机结构合理,运行可靠,故障率低,CJ 14.5 tex成纱质量可稳定在乌斯特2001公报25%水平。具有较高的投资性价比,是企业技术改造中精梳机升级换代的优选机型之一。     

塑料杯成型工艺及注塑模设计

本文对水杯的技术要求和工艺结构进行了分析,确定了工艺方案及模具形式。而且对水杯进行了相关数据的分忻与计算,根据分析结果选注塑机和注塑工艺,从而确定聚丙烯水杯设计思路及方案,最后在设计过程中运用Pro／E、Auto CAD软件进行注塑模结构设计与计算并绘制出模具总装图以及部分非标准图形。     

The effect of waste oil-cracking catalyst on the compressive strength of cement pastes and mortars

Epcat, one of the spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts from oil-cracking refineries, shows pozzolanic activity. In this study, pastes and mortars with Epcat were prepared and cured, and their compressive strengths after 3, 7 and 28 curing days were measured. The water/binder (W/B) ratios were 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3, and the replacement levels of cement by Epcat were 0, 5, 10 and 15 wt.%. Proper amount of superplasticizer was added into each mix to ensure similar workability.The results indicate that the presence of Epcat would increase the compressive strength of mortars substantially, but increase the compressive strength of the related pastes only slightly. Epcat mortars with W/B=0.25 show more strength-enhancing effect than those with W/B=0.3, and this effect increases with the catalyst content. Therefore, the mix (W/B=0.25) incorporated 15% Epcat exhibits the greatest compressive strength (92.3 MPa). For mortars with W/B=0.2, the strength-enhancing effect occurs only for those containing 5% catalyst; this effect becomes unclear when mixes containing 10% Epcat or more because high dosage of superplasticizer was added in obtaining proper workability and that affects the strength development. The improvement in the mechanical properties of mortars is attributed to the increase in the hydrated cement paste itself and, more importantly, improved bonds between the cement paste and aggregate.     

Preparation and characterization of polypropylene/layered silicate nanocomposites using an antioxidant

Polypropylene (PP)/layered silicate nanocomposites were prepared via simple melt mixing of three components, PP, layered silicates modified with octadecylamine (C18-MMT) and antioxidant, to investigate the role of antioxidant. TEM and X-ray scattering results confirmed the intercalated state of silicates in PP/layered silicate nanocomposites with antioxidant. In rheological and mechanical study, the nanocomposites with antioxidant showed higher properties than those of the unfilled PP. The nanocomposite with 5 wt% C18-MMT and 0.5 phr antioxidant exhibited about 1.4 times higher tensile modulus and 1.3 times higher storage modulus than the unfilled PP. However, PP/C18-MMT without antioxidant showed lower rheological values owing to the thermal decomposition of PP and the poor compatibility between PP and C18-MMT. It could be concluded that antioxidants played an important role in enhancing the compatibility between PP and C18-MMT. According to the real time X-ray diffraction, the nanocomposite showed the weak ordering of PP crystals than the unfilled PP in the load-extension plateau region of elongation.     

不同水泥砂浆的耐酸性研究

通过测试不同品种水泥和不同岩性砂制作的砂浆在酸性侵蚀环境下强度和质量等物理性能的变化,研究胶凝材料和砂的岩性对砂浆耐酸性能的影响。结果表明,在pH=2的硝酸溶液中,普通硅酸盐水泥(含有13%矿物掺合料)具有比高抗硫酸盐水泥稍好的耐酸性能,快硬硫铝酸盐水泥的耐酸性能最差。不同岩性砂对砂浆耐酸性能影响不明显,而砂粒径大小对砂浆耐酸性有较大影响。同时采用X射线-荧光分析(XRF)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等微观测试手段探讨了酸性腐蚀机理。     

Pore pressure development in hybrid fibre-reinforced high strength concrete at elevated temperatures

The present experimental work investigates the build-up of pore pressure at different depths of High Strength Concrete (HSC) and Hybrid-Fibre-Reinforced High Strength Concrete (HFRHSC) when exposed to different heating rates. First, the effect of the measurement technique on maximum pore pressures measured was evaluated. The pressure measurement technique which utilised a sintered metal and silicon oil was found to be the most effective technique for pore pressure measurement. Pore pressure measurements carried out showed that addition of polypropylene fibres is very effective in mitigation of spalling and build-up of pore pressure inside heated HSC. Addition of steel fibres plays some role in pore pressure reduction at relatively higher pressures in deeper regions of concrete during fast heating. Pore pressure development is highly influenced by the rate of heating with fast heating leading to higher pore pressures in the deeper regions of concrete compared to slow heating.