黄河海勃湾水利枢纽对西鄂尔多斯国家级自然保护区胡杨岛的影响分析

海勃湾水利枢纽的建设、运行将对西鄂尔多斯胡杨岛旅游区产生不可逆的影响。经调查分析,胡杨岛胡杨种群分布面积为2.31 hm~2,总株数约为1 800株;胡杨种群表现出增长型特征;胡杨林总生物量为95.43 t。海勃湾水利工程运行后胡杨岛的淹没历时延长,淹没水深、淹没面积显著增加,岛北部低矮位置甚至全年淹没。胡杨部分种子可能落入水中被水流携带,丧失了种子繁殖的条件。根蘖产生的不定芽在4—6月生长期也会浸在水下,不能完成无性繁殖。胡杨幼苗树不高于2.5 m,淹没后无法生存。水库淹没将岛上以陆生生态为主的生态系统演变成以水生生态为主的生态系统,原有的旅游功能将发生变化或丧失,须采取生态补偿措施,减免工程造成的生态影响。     

黄金峡水利枢纽工程大型水泵机组选型设计及运行调节研究

引汉济渭工程黄金峡水利枢纽是陕西省境内一项重要的大型跨流域调水工程,泵站装机容量和设计流量均为目前国内甚至亚洲在建和已建泵站之最,且调水过程复杂、调水流量分布范围宽广。在分析黄金峡泵站调度原则及运行方式的基础上,综合比较目前国内外大型泵站机组设计制造水平、枢纽建筑物及机电设备投资等因素,详细论证了大型单级单吸离心式水泵机组台数和性能参数的确定方法及其影响因素,并给出了黄金峡泵站机组选型设计的最优方案,同时论证了采用变频调节的必要性及其效果。研究结果可为大型调水泵站机组的选型设计提供参考。     

长大隧洞工程建设中地下水处理的实践及思考

以引汉济渭工程秦岭输水隧洞(越岭段81.779 km)为例,围绕该隧洞建设过程中的地下水问题,介绍其总体富水情况以及地下水预测方法。通过对秦岭各支洞抽排水措施的综合研究,给出了抽排水方案的设计步骤,结合不同涌水的处理提出了突涌水的处理思路,并介绍了目前国内先进的突涌水预测手段及应用效果。根据秦岭隧洞抽排设备的配置思路以及洞外环保处理情况,指出了目前地下水处理过程中存在的问题并提出相应的解决方法。通过引汉济渭工程建设过程中地下水处理情况的介绍、探讨和分析,对长大隧洞处理类似地下水问题提供一定的借鉴。     

引汉济渭工程运行调度模式研究

从引汉济渭工程运行调度的实际需求出发,设计了工程运行调度新模式并集成实现。基于Hadoop搭建工程运行调度大数据服务平台,基于数字地球构建了工程运行调度可视化仿真系统,基于云服务架构建立工程运行调度应用支撑平台,以主题、组件、知识图为牵引建立了工程运行调度应用支撑库,基于数字地球和应用支撑平台构建了工程调配水一体化数字水网,基于平台、数字水网、组件、知识图搭建了工程运行调度主题业务应用,实现了运行调度业务主题化云服务。该模式技术理念先进,应用灵活方便,适用性强,可为工程运行调度提供重要技术支撑,具有良好的应用前景。     

引汉济渭工程运行调度综合服务平台的应用实践

针对引汉济渭工程运行调度的实际需求和特点,基于云计算技术,采用面向服务的体系结构(SOA)和JAVA EE平台技术架构,研发了基于云服务架构的引汉济渭工程运行调度综合服务平台,建立了基于平台、组件、知识图及可视化工具灵活搭建的引汉济渭工程运行调度业务应用系统构建模式,形成基于平台、基于组件、基于主题、基于可视化的应用模式,解决了传统的工程运行调度系统应用性差、功能单一、可扩展性差及应用模式单一等问题。通过平台提供工程运行调度业务服务,为工程联合调度提供技术支撑。     

鱼类下行过坝的导鱼栅系统设计及试验研究

以龙开口水利枢纽为例,提出一种辅助鱼类下行过坝的导鱼栅系统方案。该方案首先结合大坝泄流建筑物的特点确定导鱼栅系统的布置位置,然后以鳙鱼为试验对象,用控制变量法并选择四种导鱼栅叶片角（15°、30°、45°、90°）和三种导鱼栅布置角（15°、30°、45°）在室内开展模型试验,以确定最优运行工况。研究结果表明,导鱼栅系统布置在该枢纽的灌溉引水口最佳。试验中,当布置角控制为30°时,四种叶片角下的鱼类通过率分别为53%、95%、59%和72%;当叶片角控制为30°时,三种布置角下的鱼类通过率分别为53%、95%和41%。因此,在导鱼栅叶片角和布置角同为30°时,导鱼栅系统辅助鱼类下行的效率最高,通过率为95%。研究成果可为我国类似导鱼栅系统设计提供参考。     

Performance appraisal of software testers

ContextTo determine the effectiveness of software testers a suitable performance appraisal approach is necessary, both for research and practice purposes. However, review of relevant literature reveals little information of how software testers are appraised in practice.Objective(i) To enhance our knowledge of industry practice of performance appraisal of software testers and (ii) to collect feedback from project managers on a proposed performance appraisal form for software testers.MethodA web-based survey with questionnaire was used to collect responses. Participants were recruited using cluster and snowball sampling. 18 software development project managers participated.ResultsWe found two broad trends in performance appraisal of software testers – same employee appraisal process for all employees and a specialized performance appraisal method for software testers. Detailed opinions were collected and analyzed on how performance of software testers should be appraised. Our proposed appraisal approach was generally well-received.ConclusionFactors such as number of bugs found after delivery and efficiency of executing test cases were considered important in appraising software testers’ performance. Our proposed approach was refined based on the feedback received.     

Performance on agile teams: Relating iteration objectives and critical decisions to project management success factors

ContextWhile project management success factors have long been established via the golden triangle, little is known about how project iteration objectives and critical decisions relate to these success factors. It seems logical that teams’ iteration objectives would reflect project management success factors, but this may not always be the case. If not, how are teams’ objectives for iterations differing from the golden triangle of project management success factors?ObjectiveThis study identifies iteration objectives and the critical decisions that relate to the golden triangle of project management success factors in agile software development teams working in two-week iterations.MethodThe author conducted semi-structured interviews with members across three different agile software development teams using a hybrid of XP and Scrum agile methodologies. Iteration Planning and Retrospective meetings were also observed. Interview data was transcribed, coded and reviewed by the researcher and two independently trained research assistants. Data analysis involved organizing the data to identify iteration objectives and critical decisions to identify whether they relate to project management success factors.ResultsAgile teams discussed four categories of iteration objectives: Functionality, Schedule, Quality and Team Satisfaction. Two of these objectives map directly to two aspects of the golden triangle: schedule and quality. The agile teams’ critical decisions were also examined to understand the types of decisions the teams would have made differently to ensure success, which resulted in four categories of such decisions: Quality, Dividing Work, Iteration Amendments and Team Satisfaction.ConclusionThis research has contributed to the software development and project management literature by examining iteration objectives on agile teams and how they relate to the golden triangle of project management success factors to see whether these teams incorporate the golden triangle factors in their objectives and whether they include additional objectives in their iterations. What’s more, this research identified four critical decisions related to the golden triangle. These findings provide important insight to the continuing effort to better assess project management success, particularly for agile teams.     

利用南水北调工程改善济宁水生态环境的措施

通过对济宁市防治水污染技术研究, 提出水污染防治在政策措施上实施治污抓源头, 杜绝不达标排放; 在城市 建设规划上, 把河湖生态湿地建设、 改善居住生活环境与城市建设有机结合; 在河湖治理上, 坚持工程、 生物措施并 举; 在工程管护上, 坚持依法治水。利用南水北调东线工程建设, 实施水污染防治建设, 通过对济宁市水污染防治成 果的阐释, 为今后水污染治理提供成功的经验和做法。     

差异化教学在计算机课程教学中的应用

目前高等学校计算机专业部分课程教学中存在理论与实践脱节的问题,教学仍然采用传统的“一刀切”的统一教学模式,以教师、课本和课堂为中心的教学模式,无法适应社会对不同类型人才的需求。设计一种差异化教学体系,并将该体系应用于《软件开发项目》课程教学中。实践表明,应用差异化教学理论可以有效地促进各个层次的学生对学习内容的兴趣,提高学生的综合应用能力、创新能力以及协作精神。