膜分离技术在电镀镍漂洗水回收中的应用

经过一系列的实验 ,证明了采用膜分离技术浓缩电镀镍漂洗水和回收利用漂洗水中的镍和水资源的可行性 .实验结果表明 ,NF技术对镍离子的截留率大于 97% ,RO技术对镍离子的截留率大于 99% .对于镍离子浓度为 14 5mg/L的进水 ,膜分离技术可浓缩电镀镍漂洗水 10 0倍以上 ,经一级NF ,两级RO(BWRO、SWRO)浓缩 ,浓缩液镍离子浓度可达到 5 0 g/L ,透过液经处理后回用     

污水回用反渗透系统中膜用阻垢剂的性能研究

通过静态阻垢试验、兼容性试验及现场应用试验对几种膜用阻垢剂的综合性能进行了分析.试验结果表明,与国外同类产品相比,TS系列膜用阻垢剂具有更好的使用性能,市场前景广阔.     

R2O-RO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2系统在骨质瓷中的应用

实验采用正交实验法和对比实验，通过对R2O-RO-AlO3-B2O3-SiO2系统的成釉机理分析及熔融特性、熔体的粘度和表面张力等性能的测试，探讨了该系统在骨质瓷中的应用。     

CMF/RO工艺的自动控制与运行

天津开发区污水处理厂地处盐碱区域，二级出水的含盐量较高，加上某些工业企业对中水的含盐量有一定的要求，故结合天津泰达新水源一厂的工艺和运行经验，详述了其连续流微滤(CMF)／反渗透(RO)工艺的特点、运行方式及控制参数。经过一年的连续运行，该系统出水水质良好且稳定。     

反渗透前处理调整和运行工况优化研究

以某热电厂反渗透(RO)系统以及反渗透系统在使用过程中出现的问题为例,重点介绍了反渗透膜投运后发生的污堵问题,并根据现场实际情况提出了解决方案。通过小型试验,对预处理系统的加药量和反渗透系统的运行方式和运行参数进行了调整,保证了系统安全稳定和经济运行。     

Influence of colloidal fouling and feed water recovery on salt rejection of RO and NF membranes

The influence of colloidal fouling and feed water recovery (or concentration factor, CF) on salt rejection of thin-film composite reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes was investigated. Fouling experiments were carried out using a laboratory-scale crossflow test unit with continuous permeate disposal to simulate the CF and recovery as commonly observed in full-scale RO/NF systems. For feed waters containing only salt (NaCl), permeate flux declined linearly as CF was increased and salt rejection was nearly constant for both RO and NF membranes. On the other hand, a sharp decrease in permeate flux and significant decline in salt rejection with increasing CF were observed under conditions where colloidal fouling takes place. For both RO and NF membranes, the marked permeate flux decline was attributed to the so-called “cake-enhanced osmotic pressure”. The decline in salt rejection when colloidal fouling predominated was much more substantial for NF than for RO membranes. In all cases, the decline in salt rejection was higher under conditions of more severe colloidal fouling, namely at higher ionic strength and initial permeate flux.     

Crevice corrosion behavior of high-alloy stainless steelsin a SWRO pilot plant

This paper presents the results of a study which has been carried out to investigate the crevice corrosion behavior of high-alloy stainless steel in a SWRO pilot plant. The study evaluated the corrosion performance of some austenitic and duplex steels in a crevice-forming environment created in a RO plant, especially in high-pressure feed and brine lines. The study of the effect of chemical dosing on crevice corrosion in the RO plant and electrochemical testing of crevice corrosion in the laboratory were the main objectives of this test program. High-alloy stainless steels, namely AL 6XN® and 254 SMO (superaustenitic), 2205, 2507 and DP3W (Duplex) were used in the test program. The tests were carried out in natural seawater and RO concentrate (conductivity: 75,000 to 80,000 μS/cm) at ambient temperature by operating the test plant at normal SWRO operating feed pressure of 54 bar. FeCl₃ was added as coagulant to maintain a silt density index of ∼3, and H₂SO₄ was added to feed in order to maintain the feed pH of ∼ 6.5. Chlorination and subsequent dechlorination agents were not added to the feed. For crevice corrosion tests in RO unit, the exposure periods were 6 and 12 months, respectively. The results of the tests showed that alloy DP3W has the best pitting resistance in crevice forming environment of seawater. In RO concentrate, alloys 2507 and 254 SMO showed lowest “maximum pit depth”. The results of potentiodynamic cyclic polarization (PCP) indicate that all the alloys have high pitting potential and small hysteresis loop. The results of critical crevice solution pH (CCSpH) indicated excellent resistance of alloys 254 SMO and DP3W against crevice corrosion attack and 2205 had least resistance in most aggressive sodium chloride solution.     

海岛高含铁苦咸水的淡化

本文和反渗透技术处理海岛高含铁量苦咸水的淡化工艺。针地铁的去除做了一系列的予处理研究,使之在最佳经济运行成本的条件下,使原水经予处理后能满足足渗透进水的要求。     

Theoretical calculation simulation studies of ABV nuclear reactor coupled with desalination system

In this paper, research has been conducted on the floating type nuclear power plant named as ABV reactor which is designed for district heating, power, and sea water desalination by OKBM facility at Russia. This reactor was tested under different thermal loads during the designing phase, and three modules have been investigated. Theoretical calculations and simulation studies have been performed on these three modules having specifications as ABV‐6M with 47MW_th, ABV‐6 with 38MW_th, and ABV‐3 with 18MW_th.The results obtained from these modules have been calculated mathematically and verified by simulation. We have compared the originally derived data of ABV desalination system with our theoretical and simulation analysis. The results from two desalination techniques including RO and RO + MED have been calculated and are presented in this paper with details. The results obtained from both analysis show that the efficiency of ABV nuclear reactor desalination system increases with the decrease in corresponding water cost ratio. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.