Accelerated carbonation for treatment of MSWI bottom ash

Leaching of heavy metals from MSWI bottom ash exceeds some of the Flemish limit values for recycling the material as granular construction application. In particular, leaching of Cu, Zn and Pb often exceeds the limit value, with Cu being the most critical. In order to recycle bottom ash, treatment is therefore required. The bottom ash studied was divided on-site into four fractions using a large-scale wet sieving installation: a sludge fraction (Ø 0–0.1 mm), a sand fraction (Ø 0.1–2 mm) and two gravel fractions (Ø 2–6 and 6–50 mm). The two gravel fractions complied with the limit values after 3 months of natural ageing. The sand and sludge fraction did not reach the limit value for Cu. Four weeks of accelerated carbonation resulted in an important decrease of Cu leaching from these two fractions, although the limit value is still exceeded. In view of applying carbonation as one of the treatment methods in an integrated industrial application, two tests were additionally performed. The use of stack gas as carbonating medium was verified by setting up an accelerated carbonation experiment at the incineration plant. Also, the depth of carbonation was measured in a 10 cm thick sample of the sand fraction after different periods of treatment. After 3 months of natural ageing only the upper 4 cm underwent a significant carbonation, while after one week of accelerated carbonation the total sample was carbonated. A model was developed to predict these experimental results.     

关于矿产资源循环利用及其建议与对策

本文阐述了矿产资源的特点及其对我国经济和社会发展的意义，同时提出了矿产资源持续供应面临的问题，提出了循环经济的概念，并对矿产资源领域如何发展循环利用提出了相应的对策、建议，并总结了今后应该研究的方向。     

Sustainability of photovoltaics: The case for thin-film solar cells

To ensure photovoltaics become a major sustainable player in a competitive power-generation market, they must provide abundant, affordable electricity, with environmental impacts drastically lower than those from conventional power generation. The recent reduction in the cost of 2nd generation thin-film PV is remarkable, meeting the production milestone of $1 per watt in the fourth quarter of 2008. This achievement holds great promise for the future. However, the questions remaining are whether the expense of PV modules can be lowered further, and if there are resource- and environmental-impact constraints to growth. I examine the potential of thin-films in a prospective life-cycle analysis, focusing on direct costs, resource availability, and environmental impacts. These three aspects are closely related; developing thinner solar cells and recycling spent modules will become increasingly important in resolving cost, resource, and environmental constraints to large scales of sustainable growth.     

老矿山的升级改造与可持续发展

近年来,资源市场虽有波动,但总体向好,给老矿山的改造和发展带来新的机遇。由于历史原因,老矿山现行生产经营以及未来发展均遇到了许多困难。结合石人沟铁矿生产实际,着重阐述了该矿通过实施资源的合理开发利用,着力推进采、选技术进步,淘汰落后工艺设备,实施废渣、废水的循环利用,最大程度地减免占地、实施环境保护等战略措施,实现老矿山的升级改造和可持续发展。     

缅甸高品位白铅矿试验研究

针对缅甸高品位白铅矿进行相关试验研究,确定采用两段粗选一段扫选的浮选流程,。通过磨矿细度,硫化钠和捕收剂的用量,硫化时间,捕收剂种类的探索研究,确定了最佳的药剂制度,在磨矿细度为85%-0.074 mm,硫化钠总用量为1250 g/t,各段硫化时间均为5 min,使用丁基黄药作为捕收剂,总用量为1500g/t,2#油为起泡剂,总用量为100 g/t时,闭路试验得到品位为59.48%,回收率为91.69%的混合铅精矿。     

新资源的开发与新矿物加工技术的研究

本文分析了人类所面临的资源问题，用事实和数据说明我国矿物资源匮乏的危机，阐述了目前国际上的一些新的矿物加工技术，分析提出了矿业发展及矿物加工技术研究中应注意的问题。提出五大新矿物资源及开发顺序，并强调指出开发与利用再生资源应该得到重视。本文为矿物加工企业的发展、矿物加工技术的研究，提供了有价值的参考。     

PEM water electrolysis: Innovative approaches towards catalyst separation,recovery and recycling

We report the development of a facile recycling process for catalyst coated membranes (CCMs) used in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers. After performance evaluation in an assembled electrolysis cell, ultrasonication is used to provide high-yield recovery of not only the noble-metal catalyst materials, but also of the fluoropolymer membrane itself, without the release of hazardous gases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical characterization are used to confirm the retention of catalyst particle size, and of the performance of the recycled CCMs. Furthermore, our projections indicate that, if this approach is widely employed, existing resources of noble metals will prove sufficient for the gigawatt-scale implementation of PEM water electrolyzers. This has profound implications for the achievement of current targets for reducing the consumption of precious metals for applications in electrolyzers, fuel cells and other energy storage devices.     

不合格乳化炸药的回收处理

不合格乳化炸药是在乳化炸药的生产及使用过程中可能遇到的问题,分析了不合格乳化炸药产生的外因和内因,针对这些原因阐述了不合格乳化炸药回收的理论依据和现有处理方法的特点及自的优缺点,对乳化炸药的生产和研究具有一定的指导意义。     

废弃光伏面板资源化利用的技术进展

近年来,太阳能光伏装机量呈现指数型增长,废弃光伏面板的资源环境问题日益凸显。本文通过调研太阳能光伏面板的废弃、回收管理和资源化利用等相关技术问题,综述了废弃光伏面板的资源化利用价值、环境和健康风险;讨论了废弃光伏面板资源化利用的几种处理工艺,包括物理工艺、热处理工艺、化学工艺和复合工艺等;指出了废弃光伏面板资源化利用具有的发展前景。     

废塑料资源化高值利用的产业发展

近年来,伴随着塑料消费量爆发式增长,废塑料引发的一系列环境问题逐渐得到人们的关注。由于其难降解性以及含有大量高分子聚合物,废塑料的资源化回收利用成为技术研发的热点。本文简述了废塑料带来的资源环境问题,分析了目前废塑料资源化利用产业的发展现状。分别从基建、能源燃料、织物服装、高科技、炼钢等方面,讨论了废塑料高值化回收利用的相关技术和未来发展前景。