新型钽酸锂薄膜热释电系数测试研究

用溶胶-凝胶法在导电的Pt／Ti／SiO2／Si衬底上制备了一种1μm厚的新型钽酸锂薄膜;采用直流电压对新制备的薄膜进行了极化;选择了电荷积分法,设计了与钽酸锂薄膜阻抗匹配的测试电路,组建了新的水浴搅拌加热的热释电系数测试系统,完成了薄膜的热释电系数测试。测试结果表明,钽酸锂薄膜有较好的热释电特性,在6V、15min极化条件下,测得热释电系数为122．8μC／m^2K,测试精度为1．14％,说明新开发的测试系统对新材料热释电系数测试具有重要的实用价值。实验误差分析表明,采用适合的搅拌速度和加热功率、采用更高精度的温度传感器,设计完全匹配的测试电路,是进一步提高钽酸锂薄膜热释电系数测试精度的最有效途径。     

现代军用机载信息系统综合集成过程开展工艺工作探讨

在分析工艺工作起源和基本内容的基础上,根据现代军用机栽信息系统综合集成过程特点及质量控制要求,提出并论述了将工艺技术和管理应用于机载信息系统综合集成过程控制的想法,以某工程为例讨论了系统综合集成过程工艺控制的一种模型。     

A novel call admission control scheme in cellular/WLAN integration and performance analysis

In order to achieve the Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning and efficient resource utilization in cellular network and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) integration, an Integrated Service-Based Call Admission Control (ISB-CAC) scheme is proposed in this paper. The integrated network is modeled by using multi-dimensional Markov chains. The numerical analysis is presented to evaluate the important performance measures such as the blocking probability of originating calls, the dropping probability, and the average transfer time, etc. The steady-state probabilities of the multi-dimensional Markov chains are obtained by using an iterative approach, and the CAC parameters are optimally designed. The analytical model is validated by the computer simulation. It is shown that compared with the conventional WLAN-First Call Admission Control (WF-CAC) scheme, the proposed ISB-CAC scheme not only provides better QoS for mobile users but also utilizes the bandwidth resources more efficiently.     

求解整体最优化问题的涨落算法

本文提出了寻4求整体最优解的一种新算法。这个算法对一类范围甚广的工程优化问题(维数 ≤ 5~6)较为有效。文中给出了算法及收敛性、最优性条件、计算实施的若干建议,以及计算实例。     

基于倾斜测量技术的区域无人机航空应急测绘系统设计

对灾区实际数据进行精准的获取、处理与传输是应急测绘中迫切需要解决的问题。为提高提高区域无人机航空应急测绘精度,利用倾斜摄影测量技术,从硬件和软件两个方面,设计区域无人机航空应急测绘系统。设计传感器、驱动器和航空控制器,保证无人机能够按照指定航线飞行,加设倾斜摄影元件,为倾斜摄影测量技术提供硬件支持,调整无人机航空发动机保证飞行动力,根据应急情况对硬件设备进行特殊处理。在测绘区域内,规划无人机的航行轨迹,利用倾斜摄影测量技术,获取区域影像数据。通过匀光匀色、畸变校正两个步骤,实现初始影像的预处理。计算区域主体的几何数据,通过制图与标注,得出系统的应急测绘结果。系统测试结果表明,设计系统的测绘范围更大,主体面积和位置的测绘误差分别降低约0.7km2和1.2km2,能够有效提高区域无人机航空应急测绘精度。     

Towards 100% renewable energy systems: Uncapping power system flexibility

Relying almost entirely on energy from variable renewable resources such as wind and solar energy will require a transformation in the way power systems are planned and operated. This paper outlines the necessary steps in creating power systems with the flexibility needed to maintain stability and reliability while relying primarily on variable energy resources. These steps are provided in the form of a comprehensive overview of policies, technical changes, and institutional systems, organized in three development phases: an initial phase (penetration up to about 10%) characterized by relatively mild changes to conventional power system operations and structures; a dynamic middle phase (up to about 50% penetration) characterized by phasing out conventional generation and a concerted effort to wring flexibility from existing infrastructure; and the high penetration phase that inevitably addresses how power systems operate over longer periods of weeks or months when variable generation will be in either short supply, or in over-abundance. Although this transition is likely a decades-long and incremental process and depends on the specifics of each system, the needed policies, research, demonstration projects and institutional changes need to start now precisely because of the complexity of the transformation. The list of policy actions presented in this paper can serve as a guideline to policy makers on effectuating the transition and on tracking the preparedness of systems.     

Power grand composite curves shaping for adaptive energy management of hybrid microgrids

This work proposes a systematic approach for the adaptive identification and implementation of efficient power management strategies (PMS) in the course of operation of hybrid renewable energy microgrids. The approach is based on the temporal evolution of the system power grand composite curve (PGCC), which is adaptively shaped on-line and within short-term time intervals to form a sequence of decisions indicating the instant and duration of activation of different subsystems. It builds on from previous work where the potential for system performance enhancement could not be exploited through pre-specified PMS identified off-line. More specifically, it involves a stored energy targeting step that exploits the PGCC to identify the desired operational profile of an accumulator during a prediction horizon in order to satisfy the system operating goals. The identified energy targets are subsequently enforced through a sequence of control actions that enable the exact matching of the PGCC hence resulting in a new PMS. The method is elaborated graphically for multiple potential operating goals and is supported by a formal mathematical model that captures system structural and temporal characteristics. It is implemented on an actual hybrid microgrid considering multiple RES-based energy generation and storage options for expected and unexpected weather conditions.     

集成点火式燃烧器在催化装置余热锅炉中的应用

锅炉燃烧器的运行状况直接影响到整个锅炉的热效率及其尾气的排放,因此合理地设计和布置燃烧器非常重要。该项目主要是针对某催化装置余热锅炉燃烧器出现的一系列问题进行改进,通过对燃烧器进风结构的优化和出口流速的整合计算,并首次采用集成控制等方式将点火枪与控制柜集成一体化,减小了设备的占地面积。经过现场模拟点火测试,该设备的改型增强了燃烧器的工作稳定性,提高现场工作人员的操作效率和整个锅炉的经济性。     

关于油脂加工项目可行性研究报告的要点探讨

国家发改委和有关部门制定的可行性报告格式,涵盖涉及项目所有的事宜,在市场乐观情况下,可行性报告是可批性报告。按照市场经济的要求,投资人要考虑投资回报,在策划中关注国家和产业政策的变化、区域性的市场动态、当地的物流条件、建厂条件、产品方案、投资概算和财务分析,采集的数据也要求尽可能准确。     

Key challenges to expanding renewable energy

The key advantage of renewables is that they are free of direct pollution and carbon emissions. Given concern over global warming caused by carbon emissions, there are substantial policy efforts to increase renewable penetrations. The purpose of this paper is to outline and evaluate the challenges presented by increasing penetrations of renewable electricity generation. These generation sources primarily include solar and wind which are growing rapidly and are new enough to the grid that the impact of high penetrations is not fully understood. The intrinsic nature of solar and wind power is very likely to present greater system challenges than “conventional” sources. Within limits, those challenges can be overcome, but at a cost. Later sections of the paper will draw on a variety of sources to identify a range of such costs, at least as they are foreseen by researchers helping prepare ambitious plans for grids to obtain high shares (30–50%) of their megawatt hours from primarily solar and wind generation. Energy poverty issues are outlined and related to renewable costs issues.